Category: CSE Seminar Topics

Description: Cryptography is the science of securing the data and information passing through a network channel. Cryptography offers many ways of encrypting and securing data. Many new ways of cryptography have emerged lately and the field has many promises to make e-transaction and for that matter any other transaction safe and more secure. Quantum cryptography is one such breakthrough in the field wherein information passes through photons alike light energy.

The presentation Cryptography and Private Key Algorithms Btech Seminar Topic identifies various network threats and security attacks:

• denial of service
• unauthorized access
• interruption
• interception
• modification
• fabrication

The research work speaks about two types of encryption:

1. Public Scheme Encryption
2. Private Scheme Encryption

The presentation also speaks about various types of security threats possible over a Private Scheme Encryption.

The most powerful tool of encryption ‘hash key’ is explained. It is an irreversible type and most efficient ways of encrypting.

The Hash Code as three functions:

1. Simple hash function
2. Secure hash function
3. HMAC

The hash code does the following:

1. append padding bits
2. append length
3. initialize hash buffer
4. process message in 1024 bit blocks.
5. round functionality

output

Download Cryptography and Private Key Algorithms Btech Seminar Topic

Description: Cryptography is the science of securing information/data that flows through a network and that passes through different users, via medium, preferably the internet. Cryptography has been in existence since times immemorial. Cryptography is providing and securing the information by a mathematical algorithm.

Cryptography has come into existence experiencing the threat posed to data security when it passes through multiple channels. Stealing of valuable data for vested interests could be one severe threat to a network community. Owing to these things the science of cryptography becomes even more important.

The research paper Cryptography and Network Security Seminar Paper describes some popular cryptographic techniques: The single key cryptography is the widely used one and is the simplified version. It has a single key that encrypts or decrypts information. The Public key has two different keys that encrypts and decrypts the information. The more advanced technique is the hash keys which secures the information ‘irreversibly’ by means of a mathematical algorithm.

The most recent developments in the field of Cryptography are Message Direct Algorithms and Secure hash Algorithms. The research paper explains who a hacker is. Unlike the popular notion a hacker is no evil person. In fact a hacker is an expert who helps the companies to acquire confidential data from other companies that might help his parent company or his own company. A hacker is an expert at decrypting the encrypted code. 

The various possible threats to information security have been elucidated in the research paper. It says that email bombs, application backdoors and other malicious scripts play foul with the information that is saved and transmitted through a system.

Conclusion: The research abstract explains various possible cryptography techniques and how it secures an information system without interfering with other unrelated applications. The research paper talks about the manual threat provided to network security by means of hackers and crackers. The research paper in depth explains various mathematical applications that encrypt a particular data.

Download Cryptography and Network Security Seminar Paper

Description: The research paper Cryptography and Network Security Engineering Paper talks about the importance of Cryptography in securing the information that flows through a network. This network could be ‘Internet’. Cryptography is the science of providing the data a secret code with an intention to secure it. It is understood that cryptography is no child play and involves experts that are well versed in tackling the issue.

Cryptography is usually based on authenticating user information. There are different keys mentioned in various research papers and specifically this one which suggest the securing of information using algorithm keys. The most popular keys are:

Single Key Cryptography: Wherein a single key is used for encryption and decryption.

Public Key Cryptography: Wherein two keys are used for encryption and decryption.

Hash keys: Uses mathematical expression to irreversibly encrypt some information.

Various trust models are also explained in the research paper. They are

• The web of trust employed by Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) users, who hold their own set of trusted public keys.
• Kerberos, a secret key distribution scheme using a trusted third party.
• Certificates, which allow a set of trusted third parties to authenticate each other and, by implication, each other’s users.

The research paper also describes today’s latest encryption techniques. These techniques are currently in vogue for their effective implementation. These techniques have been thoroughly explained in the research paper.

1. Message Direct Algorithms
2. Secure Hash Algorithms

Many different threats to a Network have been identified and lucidly analyzed in the paper. The paper mentions backdoor threats, SMTP Session hijacking, denial of service, email bombs and many more.

Conclusion:  The research paper has identified various techniques that help secure the information/data passing through a network community. The latest cryptographic techniques too have been mentioned in the paper. Various threats have been identified and effective solutions have been suggested for providing Network Security.

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Description: This Cryptography and Information Security Paper Presentation suggests what Cryptography is and how it provides Information Security. In the paper it is suggested that Cryptography is not the only means of providing information security, but is one of the prominent and effective techniques. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography, Network security Measures Company to protect computer systems, and its prime concern for every company that uses computers.

 It is suggested in the research paper what compromised network security is. It means that a third person can gain access to the data without much difficulty.  Appropriate network security is something that makes a user go through several security layers. ‘The more layers the system has, the more secure it is’.

 What Cryptography does:

Cryptography is necessary when communicating over any entrusted medium, which includes any network, specifically the Internet. Cryptography plays a major role during the application to application communication. The research paper explains these things.

 Secret Key Cryptography (SKC):

The research explains about SKC. SKC uses just one key for encryption and decryption. The receiver applies the same key (or rule set) to decrypt the message and recover the plaintext. This type of cryptography is also called ‘symmetric encryption’.

Conclusion:

The paper concludes on a note saying that the key for building a secure network is to define what security means to an organization. Once that specific aspect has been established defined, everything else that goes on with the network can be evaluated with respect to that policy. Projects and systems can then be simplified into their components, and it becomes much easier to decide whether what is proposed will conflict with your security practices or not.

Download Cryptography and Information Security Paper Presentation.

Blowfish is a variable-length, a new secret-key block cipher. The research paper says that Blowfish is a Feistal network, iterating a simple encryption function 16 times. Its main features as mentioned in the research abstract are :

• Block cipher: 64-bit block.
• Variable key length: 32 bits to 488 bits.
• Much faster than IDEA and DES.
• Unpatented and royalty free.
• No license required.

About Blowfish: The research paper Cryptography Blow fish Information Technology Seminar explains what Blowfish is. The Blowfish algorithm consists of: a key-expansion part and a data- encryption part. Key expansion converts a variable-length key of at most 56 bytes (448 bits) into several sub key arrays totaling 4168 bytes. Data encryption occurs via a 16-round Feistel network. Each round consists of a key-dependent permutation, and a key- and data-dependent substitution. The additional operations are four indexed array data lookups per round. Implementations of Blowfish that require the fastest speeds should unroll the loop and ensure that all sub keys are stored in cache.    

The research paper suggests that a standard encryption algorithm must be implementable on a variety of different platforms, each with their own requirements.

These include: 

Special hardware: The algorithm should be efficiently implementable in custom VLSI hardware.

Large processors: The algorithm should be efficient on 32-bit microprocessors with 4 KB program and data caches.                                    

Medium-size processors: The algorithm should run on micro controllers and other medium-size processors, such as the 68HC11.                                                  

Small processors: It should be possible to implement the algorithm on smart cards.

The requirements for small processors are the most difficult. RAM and ROM limitations are severe for this platform. Also, efficiency is more important on these small machines.

Conclusion: The research paper ends on a conclusion describing in nutshell the functions of Blowfish. In this paper it was discussed that Blowfish, is a variable-length key block cipher. Blowfish is only suitable for applications where the key does not change often, like a communications’ link or an automatic file encryptor.

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Description: The research paper Cryptography and Network Security Seminar Project talks about the indispensable help of the domain Cryptography in providing Network Security. The research abstract suggests that Network security is a complicated subject, it can be understood and tackled by well-trained and experienced experts. However, as more and more people become connected through a network, an increasing number of people need to understand the basics of security in a networked world. When we talk about Network Security we need to keep in mind the information systems manager and the user.

It has been suggested in the paper that in data and telecommunications, cryptography is necessary when sharing information over untrusted medium, which includes flow of information along a medium, the Internet precisely speaking.

The research paper explains three types of Cryptographic Functions. They are Secret Key Cryptography (SKC): Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption

Public Key Cryptography (PKC): Uses one key for encryption and another for decryption

Hash Functions: Uses a mathematical transformation to irreversibly “encrypt” information

What are trust models:

The research paper explains trust models thus: Secure use of cryptography requires trust. While secret key cryptography can ensure message confidentiality and hash codes can ensure integrity, none of this works without trust. In SKC, PKC solved the secret distribution problem. There are a number of trust models employed by various cryptographic schemes.

• The web of trust employed by Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) users, who hold their own set of trusted public keys.
• Kerberos, a secret key distribution scheme using a trusted third party.
• Certificates, which allow a set of trusted third parties to authenticate each other and, by implication, each others users.

It is understood from the research paper that scheme differs in complexity, general applicability, scope, and scalability. 

Conclusion: The research paper concludes by talking about AAA server. It suggests that AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting)    

servers are  used  for  more  secure  access  in  a  remote-access  VPN environment . When  a  request  to  establish  a session  comes  in from a dial up  client ,  the   Request  is  proxies   to  the   AAA  server .  AAA then checks the following:

• Who you are (authentication)
• What you are allowed to do (authorization)

What you actually do (accounting)

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Description: The Seminar Report Public Key Cryptography and Hash Functions Secret Key Cryptography talks about Cryptography and the purpose behind such a thing. This paper focuses on the multiple aspects pertaining to cryptography. The benefits and requirements of cryptography in various fields, particularly the internet, is explained. Secure communications data storage, identification and authentication and various other applied cryptographic concepts have been dealt with and explained in detail. The three general types of cryptographic schemes such as SECRET-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY, PUBLIC-KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY AND HASH FUNCTIONS explained in detail.

Cryptography:

The paper describes that Cryptography is the science of writing in secret code and has been in vogue since times immemorial; the first application of cryptography in writing dates back to circa 1900 B.C. when an Egyptian scribe used non-standard hieroglyphs in an inscription. Experts argue that cryptography emerged as a need after writing was invented, Cryptography is use in various departments military, espionage etc.

Public-key Cryptography:

The paper explains that Public-key cryptography is the best and significant development in the field in the last 300-400 years. Modern PKC was first described by Stanford University professor Martin Hellmann and graduate student Whitfield Diffie in 1976. A two-key crypto system was presented by them in which two parties could engage in a secure communication over a non-secure communications channel without having to share a secret key.

It is suggested in the paper that nearly all modern multi-user computer and network operating systems use passwords to protect and authenticate users accessing computer and/or network resources. Although passwords are not kept on a host or server in plaintext but are generally encrypted using hash scheme.

Conclusion: The research paper ends on a conclusive note that Cryptography is all about ‘secure communications’. In data and telecommunications and many more industries where information is shared exchanged , cryptography is essential when communicating/sharing information over any untrusted medium, which includes any network, specifically the Internet.

Download Public Key Cryptography and Hash Functions Secret Key Cryptography Final Year Computer Science and Electronics Seminar Report with full Technical Presentation.

Description: The Final Year CSE Seminar Topic Cryptography and Network Security talks about Cryptography and its use in securing networked community. The paper suggests that just as insurance protects valuables. Cryptography protects invaluable database that cannot be shared with one and all. Since the world now has become a global village there is every need to share information/data incessantly. In a scenario like this securing the data and protecting it becomes quintessential to the smooth functioning of official processes. Cryptography is an effective way of securing the data not just for applications that have secure networking but also for applications that are ignorant of such a thing.

The paper suggests that the IP-level security covers three functional areas: authentication, confidentiality and key management.

What is ESP:

The paper Cryptography and Network Security also talks about the Encapsulating Security payload (ESP). The Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) protocol proclaims authentication, and also offers privacy. When ESP is used with confidentiality enabled, there ESP provides limited traffic flow confidentiality, i.e., provisions for concealing packet length, and to facilitate efficient generation and discard of dummy packets. ESP offer access control, enforced through the distribution of cryptographic keys and the management of traffic flows as dictated by the Security Policy Database.

About IPsec: 

The paper Cryptography and Network Security explains the functions of IPsec. It says that IPsec is designed to provide interoperable, high quality, cryptographically based security for IPv4 and IPv6.  The security services offered includes access control, connectionless integrity, data origin authentication, detection and rejection of replays sequence confidentiality (via encryption), and limited traffic flow confidentiality. 

 Conclusion:

The paper Cryptography and Network Security concludes on a note that IPsec is transparent to applications and poses no threat to upper level applications. It can provide enough security to users and can certainly help create a secure virtual sub network within an organization. The Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) header is designed to provide a mix of security services in IPv4 and IPv6. The Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) provides mechanisms for protecting data being sent over an IPsec Security.

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