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Wireless Petroleum Level Measurement Using Ultrasonic Digital Sensor

Liquid level indicator is a device meant to overcome the stress of opening reservoir or dipping rod into the tank for gauging the level of the liquid. The level indicator can be divided into three stages.

The sensing circuit, wireless transmitter & receiver, control circuitry. The sensing unit is isolated from the measurement & control circuitry.

The liquid level information is wirelessly transmitted which is then received at the receiver end. The level is shown on the LCD Interface.

The Petroleum Level Measurement system consists of ultrasonic digital sensors, Encoder IC, RF Transmitter, Decoder IC, RF Receiver, Microcontroller, LCD etc. The percentage of the levels is shown on the LCD Interface.

TRANSMITTER & RECEIVER

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Driver Assistant System Using Ultrasonic Sensor

Nowadays, accidents are becoming a common occurrence on the roads due to negligence or excess speed. If we can avoid, it means we can save many lives. The main objective of our Driver Assistant System project is to develop an anti-collision system for vehicles that can be used for real-time application.

The application is based on ultrasonic sensors to detect the main features of the ultrasonic sensor distance projector and the control circuit power supply.

This Driver Assistant System controls the distance between the car and other vehicles or obstacles to come. 89S52 microcontroller performs all operations. The obstacle distance is displayed on the 16 * 2 LCD screen. If the obstacle is in the sensing zone call ring sounds to give a warning.

Measuring the distance of an object in the way a stationary or mobile person, structure or vehicle is used in many applications such as motion control robots, vehicle control, blind stick, medical applications, etc. Measurement with ultrasonic sensors is one of the cheapest among the various options.

In this measurement application of the distance of an obstacle using a digital ultrasonic transmitter, the receiver module and a microcontroller are. The experimental apparatus and the results are described and explained. The ultrasound view shown here is suitable for measuring the distance between 20mm and 4000mm (4m).

SOFTWARE:

1. Keil COMPILER
2. EMBEDDED C CODE
3. ucFlash

HARDWARE:

1. Microcontroller AT89S52.
2. 16*2 LCD DISPLAY
3. Transistor Driver
4. Buzzer
5. Ultrasonic Digital sensor Module

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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Bus Tracking System using GSM Module Project

Bus Tracking System:

Using  GSM Module and Microcontroller we are designing and implementing a time saving system for daily BUS commuters, which will give the information about the present position of BUS whenever subscribed by the subscriber for a particular BUS, which will have its unique code.

Scope of the Project:

  • Bus Tracking System can be implemented in government, company, college & private buses.
  • Can also be implemented using GPS system.
  • Ring can be developed for blind people to get the status of bus.

Brief Description:

In the Bus Tracking System project, an IR transmitter is placed in bus & IR RECEIVER unit is placed at bus stop. Whenever bus reaches bus stop our unit comes to know which bus has been arrived. The transmitter present in the bus transmits a certain code using RC5 protocol. Carrier frequency for RC5 protocol is 36 kHz.

IR receiver which is present on bus-stop detects the IR signals and gives the coded data to the microcontroller for decoding purpose.  Microcontroller is controlling block of the system. After decoding this code, which bus has arrived is decided.   The acknowledgement is given to the system user through SMS. This SMS is send whenever bus is arrived.  The subscriber numbers to whom the message has to be send is stored in the EEPROM, which is the memory element used over here.

The 89s52 microcontroller communicates with EEPROM using I2C protocol. Whenever a message is to send to the subscriber for the subscribed bus controller  fetches those subscribed numbers & then send the message through GSM module. Microcontroller and GSM module are interfaced through MAX 232. . MAX232 is a device which converts TTL voltage logic levels to RS232 & vice versa.

The GSM module sends SMS to the subscriber which is mentioned in EEPROM through AT commands.  AT commands are used to send SMS from GSM module. LCD is used to display which bus has arrived.

The block diagram:

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

Sr. No. Components Specifications Quantity
1 Microcontroller 89s52 1
2 MAX 232 IC DIP 16 PIN 1
3 GSM Module SIM 300 1
4 EEPROM CAT 24WC 08 8KKBit Serial CMOS 1
5 IR Transmitter Phillips RC-5 (Carrier Freq 36 KHz) 1
6 IR Receiver TSOP 1840(fo-40khz) 1
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Motion Sensor for Security Light

The Motion Sensor for Security Light system uses Passive infrared sensor. These sensors are capable of sensing the presence of human being and post the same to the comparator IC. Now the micro comparator takes the responsibility of processing and judges the status of individual appliances and there by controls them using switches like relay, TRIAC.

The most important thing to be noticed here is the system is aimed for industrial, home, firm needs. So, there may be very high voltage devices like ACs and very low voltage devices like High intensity LEDS. Due to the presence of different appliances of different power ratings the design of the interfacing circuit should be done with utmost care.

Features:

1. Controlling the status of different electrical appliances
2. Live detection of human presence.
3. Low power consumption.
4. Reliable for industrial and domestic needs
5. High sensitivity.

The project focuses on the following areas:

1. Characteristics of PIR sensor.
2. High voltage device controlling.
3. Intensity controlling technique.
4. Embedded C program.
5. PCB design.

The major building blocks of this project are:

1. Regulated power supply with voltage regulator.
2. Micro controller.
3. Passive Infra Red Sensor (PIR).
4. Industrial appliances.
5. TRAIC boards.

Regulated power supply:

Block diagram:

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Laser Torch Based Communication System

In  Laser Torch Based Communication System project we implemented a new generation “laser torch-based voice Transmitter and receiver” which is a good replacement for the present day communication systems.

Starting from the optical fiber communication wireless communication had taken several modifications recently laser based communication is gaining much attention in the field of space research and satellite communications.

Laser based voice transmitter and receiver:

Key points:

  • Laser torch acts as a carrier for the voice signal to be transmitted.
  • It is a wireless open channel system
  • Ability to transmit voice signals up to 500 meters.

Figure: block diagram representation of Laser Torch Based Communication System.

Condenser MIC:

Capacitor based electrostatic microphone, is a most sensitive for the low amplitude signals also. Its main function is to convert the audio signal into electrical signal. These are ideal for high volume work.

Youtube video link to view circuit diagram, block diagram.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFE7Yz_sAp8&feature=youtu.be

Transmitter section:

The transmitter section is comprised of pre amplifier, operational amplifier, and heat sink for absorption of noise in the signal, VR, and laser diode.

Laser torch:

The laser torch acts as a medium for the laser. And it can transmit wavelength of range 780nm – 920nm.

Download Laser Torch Based Communication System Project Report 

Receiving section:

The receiver section of the laser communication system has photo detector for sensing the laser light, Audio amplifier for better audibility, common emitter amplifier and a loud speaker i.e. transducer.