Category: Embedded System Abstracts

Electronics and electrical final year students can select best topic form embedded system abstracts listed below. Embedded system projects listed here are for free download. Students can select topic for mini and major projects on embedded systems.

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Micro Controller Based Drug Dispenser Project

ABSTRACT

With the present day environment, and with the work pressure the individual is carrying, it becomes highly impossible to take of a family member, who is undergoing therapy.

Sometimes it may be impossible to remember his/her own medicines and their time of consumption, thereby missing their medicine or the time of its administration.

In such cases, if any equipment is there which can give some sort of indication, to the individual concerned so that he can take his medicine. The same can be used even to use for other patients also.

In the present project, a microcontroller based drug dispenser is to be developed. The drug dispenser can be used to provide an indication of the medicine time, and it also dispenses the medicine to be consumed. The present project deals with a minimum of six medicines.

The doctor will prescribe each medicine time and dosage, and the same can be fed to the instrument, via a keyboard hooked up to the microcontroller. At the time when the said drug is to be consumed, the instrument provides the medicine (tablet or capsule) in the tray.

The medicine goes to the tray by rotating a motor, which dispenses only one tablet or capsule into the tray, and in the similar fashion all the drugs to be consumed are provided in the tray, and then the instrument provides the alarm.

The drugs and their timings can be programmed and can be easily programmed.

The instrument to be designed is to use an advanced microcontroller and needs to have an interface to a keyboard and also motors and sensors.

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Low Cost Intelligent Wheelchair Embedded Project

Design and Implementation of Low-Cost Intelligent Wheelchair

The main aim of this project is to design of low-cost intelligent wheelchair. This chair is designed for physically disabled persons.

It designed to control devices and to ask others their minimum basic needs like water, food etc. wheelchair movement is controlled by using MEMS sensor which attached to their hands; based on hand movement the direction wheelchair is changed.

If the hand moves towards right wheelchair move right direction if hand moves towards left it moves towards left. The movement of the wheelchair is done by using motors connected to the controller through driver IC.

To wheel chair two modes (Mode0, Mode1) particular mode can be selected by using push button. Keys are used to control the devices when it is one mode and in same way same keys are used to tell his basic requirements through voice using APR9600 voice IC.

Devices are connected to controller through relays. The communication between wheel chair and devices controlling board is done by using RF technology. If RF communication is used we require RF transmitter connected to wheel chair and RF receiver connected to devices to control.

The system uses a compact circuitry built around AT89S52 microcontroller Programs are developed in Embedded C. Flash magic is used for loading programs into Microcontroller.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

WHEELCHAIR:

DEVICES CONTROLLING BOARD:

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Pace Maker Demonstration Unit Project

ABSTRACT

In the body, the heart is the main vital organ, which works continuously without any rest since the baby is in the womb until the death.

There is no rest for the heart and works at a rate of 72 beats per minute on an average, in a healthy person day in day out. In order to make the heart work, there is a specialized tissue located on the heart muscle and is known as Sino-Atrial node or abbreviated as S-A node.

This node generates impulses at regular intervals, and is under the control of autonomic nervous control system, and is popularly known as “natural pacemaker”.

In certain physiological conditions or with certain diseases related heart, the working of S-A node is impaired and in those circumstances the heart does not stop all at once, and provides sufficiently long time for the ultimate failure.

In such cases, there is occasional missing of a heartbeat, initially, and the disease progresses slowly, and the missing heartbeats increases in its frequency, which will lead to other problems, if not attended.

In such cases an artificial pace maker is devised and this instrument identifies the missing heart beat and provides its own pulse at the site stimulating the heart, so that ceased heart beat is continued.

In the proposed project, a micro controller based unit is devised which continuously monitors the ECG waveform, to identify the missing heart beat.

When ever it identifies the missing heart beat it provides the stimulating of sufficient energy, to make the heart function. The proposed project clearly demonstrates the function of the Pacemaker.

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Coal Mine Detect and Rescue Robot Embedded Project

AIM:

The main aim the project is to design “Embedded control system design for coal mine detect and rescue robot”.

COMPONENTS:

AT89S52, Gas sensor, Fire Sensor, Driver IC, DC motor, and ZigBee.

EXISTING METHOD:

The present existing method is without monitoring the environmental conditions inside coal mines, persons are sent inside and sensors are connected to their helmets, based on the sensors sensed information if any dangerous gases are detected buzzer present on the helmet turns ON.

The main disadvantage of this method is it gives information to the people present inside the coal mines only and sensed information cannot be sent to control room to take necessary actions.

PROPOSED METHOD:

In the proposed method we overcome the disadvantages present in the existing method by developing a robot to which controller, sensors, buzzer and wireless communication system called ZigBee is attached to it.

Before sending the persons inside the coal mines first the robot is sent and it monitors the environmental conditions inside coal mine using sensors and send the sensed information is sent to the control room using the wireless technology and if detects the dangerous gases inside the coal mines it automatically turns on the buzzer connected to it so as to alert people inside it.

The system uses a compact circuitry built around AT89S52 microcontroller Programs are developed in Embedded C. Flash magic is used for loading programs into Microcontroller.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

TRANSMITTER:

RECEIVER:

SOFTWARE: Embedded ‘C’
TOOLS: Keil, Flash magic
TARGET DEVICE: AT89S52 Microcontroller.
APPLICATIONS: Used at coal mines.
ADVANTAGES: The distance of controlling can also be improved by connecting ZigBee modules in a network.

REFERENCE:

1. The 8051 micro controller and embedded systems by Mazidi.
2. Datasheets and the user manuals of AT89S52.

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Automatic Street Light Intensity Control

WORKING PROCEDURE

230 V AC supply is given to the step-down transformer. This step-down transformer steps down the voltage to 12V. This voltage is given to the rectifier. The rectifier used here is the bridge rectifier  this is formed by the 4  1N4007 diodes.

This rectifier gives the pulsating dc as the out put. This consists of ac ripples in order to remove this ac ripples we are connecting 1000 micro farads capacitor from which ac ripples are grounded

The 12V dc supply coming out from the rectifier divides into 2 ways .from that one is given to the regulator and other is given to the MOSFET driver.

Thus this 12V supply which is given to the regulator this regulator is the 7805 voltage regulator these coverts 12V to 5V since the micro controller needs 5V

In this microcontroller, we write the logic program by using pulse width modulation logic & by taking LDR as a base.LDR is nothing but Light Dependent Resistor this is constructed by using cadmium material, It is operated when solar light is increasing along with it LDR increase a voltage generation within due to this resistance value is to be decreased.

Whatever voltage is generated in the LDR is passed to the micro controller based on this signal pulse width modulation is operated according to this, In pulse width modulation width is increases or decreases by depending upon the LDR.

When micro controller operates it gives the pulse width modulation signals. Whatever signal is generated in the micro controller is forwarded to the MOSFET driver.

If the transistor is on, it will pull down MOSFET voltage to ground so MOSFET becomes off. Likewise, if transistor is off, MOSFET conducts to make LEDs on.

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Transformer Temperature Monitoring and Control Major Project

This Transformer Temperature Monitoring and Control project aims to continuously monitor the temperature of the transformer at the substation.

If the temperature increases beyond some critical limit, microcontroller will automatically start the cooling system for the substation.

The temperature sensor used in this project is NTC Thermistor which is interfaced with the LM3958 Comparator IC. It gives digital output to the microcontroller.

The microcontroller then takes the required action to turn on coolants through transistor driver. The relay driver circuit is basically current amplifier.

The Temperature Monitoring system is enabled with the alarm which is activated when the critical temperature value is sensed by the thermistor. In order to indicate the status of the operation, 16*2 LCD is used.

Software Tools:

1. Keil compiler
2. Embedded C Code
3. ucFlash

Hardware :

1. Microcontroller AT89S52.
2. Sensors- NTC Thermistor
3. LM358 Op-Amp Based Comparator
4. FAN Blower
5. RELAY
6. Buzzer
7. 16*2 LCD Display

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Automatic Street Light Control System Project

This Automatic Street Light Control System project consists of LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensor interfaced with LM358 Comparator. When the LDR surface is illuminated with light, its resistance decreases whereas when there is no light falling on its surface, its resistance is infinite.

Depending upon that condition, comparator input changes, and hence corresponding output also changes. The output of the comparator is given to the microcontroller which monitors input and depending upon that takes proper action to switch on or off-street lights

Street Light Control Software Tools:

  1. Keil compiler
  2. Embedded C
  3. Orcad.

Hardware Tools:

  1. Microcontroller AT89S52.
  2. LM358 Comparator
  3. Transistor Driver
  4. Relay

Related Project:

Smart Street light management using IBM Watson

This project aims to control the intensity of the street lights with individual area control, total area control and dimming of the street lights as the street light plays a major role in safe road transport that if the street lights are turned on unnecessary there will be a huge loss in city’s electricity, As they consumption lots of power.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

1. To reduce power loss.
2. To make safe road transport.
3. Smart transport management.
4. Decrease human efforts.
5. Individual Area control.
6. Total Area control.
7. Dimming of lights.

Hardware: NODE MCU, BASIC SHIELD, IR SENSOR
Software: Arduino IDE, MIT App Inventor 2, IBM Watson Cloud Services

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Wireless Petroleum Level Measurement Using Ultrasonic Digital Sensor

Liquid level indicator is a device meant to overcome the stress of opening reservoir or dipping rod into the tank for gauging the level of the liquid. The level indicator can be divided into three stages.

The sensing circuit, wireless transmitter & receiver, control circuitry. The sensing unit is isolated from the measurement & control circuitry.

The liquid level information is wirelessly transmitted which is then received at the receiver end. The level is shown on the LCD Interface.

The Petroleum Level Measurement system consists of ultrasonic digital sensors, Encoder IC, RF Transmitter, Decoder IC, RF Receiver, Microcontroller, LCD etc. The percentage of the levels is shown on the LCD Interface.

TRANSMITTER & RECEIVER

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GSM based Vehicle Theft Intimation System

This GSM based Vehicle Theft Intimation System project aims at continuously monitors vehicle from some interrupt.

In case someone tries to steal the vehicle, micro controller will automatical the y shuts down the engine valve which is interfaced through relay driver ULN2003 IC. The relay driver circuit is basically current amplifier IC.

The Vehicle Theft Intimation System is enabled with the GSM Modem which sends SMS to the user mobile number which is stored in microcontoller memory.

SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE:

Software Tools:

1. Keil compiler
2. Embedded C Code
3. ucFlash

Hardware :

1. Microcontroller AT89S52.
2. Interrupt Switch
3. Current Driver ULN2003
4. RELAY

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

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Metal Detector Embedded System Project

METAL DETECTOR

The main aim of this Metal Detector project is to detect the metal in the surroundings and alert the siren when the metal is found. This Embedded System project has the application in mines. People used to dig the ground to locate the mines underneath the ground. Using this metal detector, the mines can be found without digging.

The metal detector contains the metal detecting circuit, microcontroller and the buzzer. This metal detecting circuit comprises of RF oscillators and the operation of the circuit is based on a superheterodyning principle which is commonly used in superhet receivers. The output of the oscillator is a pulsating DC which is passed through a low-pass filter. It is then passed to the amplifier for amplification of the signal. For proper operation of the

The output of the oscillator is a pulsating DC which is passed through a low-pass filter. It is then passed to the amplifier for amplification of the signal. For proper operation of the circuit it is critical that frequencies of both the oscillators are the same so as to obtain zero beats in the absence of any metal in the near vicinity of the circuit. All these components are arranged on the single board.

Thus, when the user holds this circuit in his hand and move forward in search of a metal and when the metal is found, the output of the metal detecting circuit is given to the microcontroller. Thus, when the metal is found, the output of the metal detecting circuit changes and this change will be detected by the microcontroller. Thus, the microcontroller immediately alerts the siren.

Thus, when the metal is found, the output of the metal detecting circuit changes and this change will be detected by the microcontroller. Thus, the microcontroller immediately alerts the siren.

Software Tools:

1. Keil compiler
2. Orcad.

Hardware Tools:

1. Microcontroller AT89S52.
2. Metal detecting circuit
3. Buzzer

Block Diagram: