Category: Electronics projects Topics

Technology has surged so ahead that it has now unlocked the potential for you to manage your home appliances without your physical presence. This project “Communication Projects on Home Automation Using Mobile Communication” enables you to control home appliances like bulbs, fans, water pumps etc with the pressing of your mobile keys. Consequently, if you do not remember to switch them off before you leave your house; you can easily do it through your mobile which serves as a remote.

This project Communication Projects on Home Automation Using Mobile Communication consists of three main parts namely microcontroller, DTMF (dual-tone multiple-frequency) decoder and voice recording and playback device. While on a call, if a handset key is presses, a tone analogous to the key pressed is heard on the other side. This tone received (known as the DTMF tone) is processed by the microcontroller with aid of a DTMF decoder. The decoder further translates the tone into its corresponding binary digit and sent to the microcontroller.

‘Touch-tone’ is an edition of the DTMF used in telephone dialing. The use of DTMF here is that it allocates a particular frequency to each button which makes it easily identifiable for the electronic circuit. 8-bit microcontroller is used here which is programmable and has erasable ROM.  Discrete components like transformer, rectifier too are incorporated in the circuit.

Before the circuit starts functioning, all connections are tested and the ac supply is provided. Magnitude of the output is measured by the multimeter and its waveform seen in the oscilloscope.

Conclusion:                                 

                 Communication Projects on Home Automation Using Mobile Communication can be made use of in a wide range of home appliance devices. One of them is watering system where the principle of this project is applied and used to control a relay signal to the water pump. This project design can also be applied to automate garden lamps and also security systems.

Download Communication Projects on Home Automation Using Mobile Communication.

The aim of this project Home appliance control by mobile phone (DTMF) ECE Final Year Project is to enable consumers to have a remote-based control over their home devices through a cellular interface like mobile phone.

To implement this system the consumer should send a unique code accompanied by the required function to his home control system through GSM.

To design this project a microcontroller is used as a control unit which gets inputs (instructions, commands) from a mobile connected through GSM.

To make the connection more secure, consumer authentication along with a password will be provided.

To switch on/off any appliance positioned at controller’s part, a call is made and after the call is tended to automatically, the appropriate tone and password are entered.

The tone entered is decoded via the DTMF decoder which further translates it into binary values. Binary values are the input to the microcontroller which verifies each tone individually and corresponding output is given at the output terminal.

This output from microcontroller is used to drive the matching relay driver where in each relay drive is coupled to a home appliance. Thus when the relay drive is activated by the microcontroller, the device either gets ON or is switched OFF as per the requirement. Home appliance control by mobile phone project makes use of auto answer facility and hence eliminates the need of a ring detector circuit.

Related Projects:

Remote Control for Home Appliances

Home appliance control by mobile phone (DTMF) ECE Final Year Project Conclusion:

This project is targeted at the average consumer who desires to access remote control over home devices which can be controlled electrically. Additional features like audio interaction as well as feedback mechanism to determine the current state could serve as add-ons for this project.

However it must be ensured that the consumer must be living in an area which has strong signal connectivity and only one person should be authorized for the controlling of these devices to ensure maximum security.

Download Home appliance control by mobile phone (DTMF) ECE Final Year Project.

There are several wavelength conversion proposal methods out of which this project emphasis “Highly efficient wavelength converter using direct bonded PPZnLN ridge waveguide”. These are highly recommended owing to factors like large signal bandwidth, high conversion efficiency, etc.

There is an ever increasing demand to extend the communication capacity. For this purpose optical networks in the coming future will expand WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) technology to exploit the large bandwidth of the fiber. Large WDM networks will pave the way for construction of flexible networks. These WDM networks need wavelength converters in order to have signal path routing.

In this project, direct-bonded wavelength converters which are ridge-shaped in structure is created by employing ultra-precision machinery fitted with a diamond blade. This waveguide exhibits strong opposition to photorefractive damage as there ion-exchange process is excluded from its fabrication process which further ensures no degradation to its non-linear coefficient. It operates both in the TM as well as TE modes. This characteristic makes polarization diversity realizable and delivers high conversion efficiency. this is a primary requisite in telecommunication applications. Also, this fabricated waveguide allows the propagation of 1560 nm light (travelling in single-mode).

Conclusion:

Therefore in this project Highly efficient wavelength converter using direct bonded PPZnLN ridge waveguide fabrication of a 50-mm-long PPZnLN ridge waveguide was achieved by utilizing direct bonding and methods of dry etching. Examination of device characteristics revealed that a SHG efficiency of 2400%/W accompanied by an SHG output power of 148 mW was obtained.

Here a QPM-LN fiber-coupled module with the PPZnLN ridge waveguide was fabricated with 4 dB insertion loss. Wavelength conversion founded on SHG/DFG cascading scheme (1.55 µ m band) was successfully established. This wavelength converter using the highly efficient PPZnLN waveguide would prove very useful in making a photonic network in the future.

Download Highly efficient wavelength converter using direct bonded PPZnLN ridge waveguide.

Projects for Electronics High Speed Low Power Multiplier with the Spurious Power Suppression depicts the application of  an advanced edition of Spurious Power Suppression Technique (SPST) on either high speed multipliers with low power consumption. In this technique, when we come across a part of data that has no effect in the final results computed then the circuit of the SPST responsible for data controlling latches this part so as to prevent unnecessary data transmissions in the mathematical units. This means that spurious data signals are removed through filtering. To perform multiplication, a modified form of Booth Algorithm is used.

This Topic  makes use of a detection logic circuit which is used to identify the useful range of data of arithmetic units i.e. adders or multipliers. This method implements the concept of dividing the arithmetic units into Most significant part (MSP) and Least Significant Part (LSP). It then disregards those MSP parts which have no effect on the result and hence only using those bits which are computed in the final result.

There are two methods to filter out the unnecessary switching power. One way is through registers and the other is through AND gates. On scrutiny through simulation of SPST realization through AND gates shows that this combination possesses high flexibility in terms of regulating the data assertion time. This leads to a marked increase in speed and reduction in power.

Conclusion:

Thus, Projects for Electronics High Speed Low Power Multiplier with the Spurious Power Suppression is designed. The multiplier in this project is devised by furnishing SPST on a Booth encoder amended for this purpose. This encoder will lessen the number of partial products. The Spurious Power Suppression technique eliminates unnecessary addition and thereby reduces the switching power dissipation. The design of this project is established by making use of  Xilinx 9.1 utilizing Verilog HDL coding.

Download Projects for Electronics High Speed Low Power Multiplier with the Spurious Power Suppression.

The following paper on Microcontroller Projects on Hamming-Cut-Matching Algorithm in Iris Recognition defines what iris is-its location, importance and how to recognize it. It also explains how the scanned pattern of iris is matched by transforming into 256 bytes for easy storage and retrieval from the database. Further this paper throws light on realization of HAMMING-CUT-MATCHING algorithm which is effective in decreasing the time taken to match the scanned pattern with database where massive databases are in place.

             The software employed for iris-identification uses around 256 reference points and begins to look through the data for a match. Every single separate iris pattern is demodulated so as to obtain phase information and then leading to phase quantization and allocation of 256 bytes for every iris pattern. Consequently a single iris pattern is transformed into phasor bits and stored in the software and deployed for comparison later.

When an image is scanned and used to contrast with the database, the value of hamming distance is required. Hamming distance is used to determine the difference of bits between the iris code of the scanned image with that of the iris code records in the database. This processing is very quick and just takes a few seconds time. The final result produces two-digit code specifying how much the codes vary.

Conclusion:

Hamming-Cut-Matching algorithm in Iris recognition stands out because it offers high security and absolute accuracy plus with an ease in administrative duties. It abolishes the need for passwords, PIN etc as they more risk prone. It’s another specialty is its uniqueness with respect to every individual. The iris recognition scheme is not limited as age increases. From the age of seven till the course of a man’s life it remains unchanged. Moreover, scanning of iris does not cause any damage to the eyes of the person.

Download Microcontroller Projects on Hamming-Cut-Matching Algorithm in Iris Recognition.

In today’s modern age where vehicles are piling up everywhere, an efficient parking system is the need of the hour. This project Hacking Intimation and Automatic Vehicle Parking ECE Student Project deals with a parking system where space problem can be mitigated. An LCD is used to indicate empty spaces in different floors with color sensors to signify each floor.

Once the vehicle is parked into the vacant space, it is intimated to the mobile and indicates a change in the LCD count. If a miscreant takes hold of the vehicle then the security guard is alerted by means of a buzzer. This project aims at delivering a safe and resourceful parking system with hacking detection.

              A display screen at the ground mainly serves as a counter which shows the number of cars in every floor. It also signals if a floor has vacant space or filled with vehicles. Thus by reading the status of each floor on the LCD, the user decides which floor can fit his vehicle and places his vehicle on the suitable color line. The color line sensor guides the vehicle to its destined slot. Once it reaches the, the engine switches off automatically and the user receives a mobile message specifying details of the car location.

Hacking intimation and Automatic parking project dealt with here uses three floors for parking with a floor capacity of 10 cars. Also it’s highly secure, can be applies for use in remote areas as well as time-saving. However it consumes a lot of area and is a floor bound project.

Conclusion:

The project has successfully obtained both its objectives-automatic parking as well as hacking intimation. The fundamental component used here is a microcontroller which is a controlling unit to supervise actions of other devices. The project can be extended in the future by making use of RFID technology and electronic toll gates can be conceived.

Download Hacking Intimation and Automatic Vehicle Parking ECE Student Project.

The primary aim of this project titled GSM FPRS Keypad Based ATM Security System BE Electronics Project is to develop an embedded system which will be useful for security systems. Only particular persons can have access to the security system and through the embedded system, proper authentication is provided via fingerprints mechanism. Data stored in the embedded system can be accessed through a PC.

An embedded system can be defined as the blend of computer hardware and software which is either fixed in memory or can be programmable. Operating systems which are used by embedded systems are embedded Java or Windows XP embedded. The embedded system is designed to perform specific tasks and hence can be further modified to meet the additional specifications thereby reducing overall cost.

The project GSM, FPRS keypad based ATM security will be employed to ensure security when transactions are done. When a person opens his/her account in a bank, then his fingerprint will be stored in the database. So when he goes to ATM for a transaction, the fingerprint module at the door will scan his fingerprints and a password to be entered. Once this is done a message will be sent to the account holder. He can immediately block his card in case a hacker is accessing his account.

The entire code for the embedded system in this project is written in C language. Embedded system is used in the microcontroller and the message transmission through GSM technology. Fingerprint module used is connected to the microcontroller and the password entered is through either keypad or mobile.

Conclusion:

Today, all of us are enveloped by the embedded world. Almost all products are manufactured using embedded systems. The advantage of this project is that it is cost viable as well as offers automated operation. All hardware programs are integrated effectively with the inclusion of high advanced IC’s.

Download GSM FPRS Keypad Based ATM Security System BE Electronics Project.

Nowadays there are various electronic equipment available for remote operation of grid control. However, the main disadvantage of these systems is that they can be operated only from short ranges and also less reliable. Thus, to overcome the above drawbacks, we are using one of the wireless communication technique i.e., GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is a digital cellular communications system which has rapidly gained acceptance and market share worldwide.

The development of GSM is the first step towards a true personal communication system that will allow us to communication anywhere, anytime and with anyone.

GSM Modem Using Sensors 2011 ECE Technical Project is vastly used because of its simplicity in both transmitter and receiver design, can operate at 900 or 1800MHZ band, faster , more reliable and globally network .

This project is designed for seven power grids. 8051 is the heart of the project. A GSM modem is interfaced to microcontroller. This modem receives the messages from control mobile and sends as input to MCU. The MCU verify for authentication of the number and, if the number is authorised, grid control will be taken place, EEPROM is interfaced to this controller to save the grid position at every instant. This grid position information will not be deleted even in power failure conditions. 3X4 keypad is interfaced to change the mobile number at any time. 16X2 LCD is interfaced to display user-required information. In this project TRAIC is used as load controller (as a switch), MOC3021 used as a Triac driver.

GSM network operators have roaming facilities, user can often continue to use there mobile phones when they travel to other countries etc….

This project uses regulated 5v, 750mA power supply. 7805 and 7812 three terminal voltage regulators are used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/12v step down transformer.

INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

An embedded system can be defined as a computing device that does a specific focused job. Appliances such as the air-conditioner, VCD player, DVD player, printer, fax machine, mobile phone etc. are examples of embedded systems. Each of these appliances will have a processor and special hardware to meet the specific requirement of the application along with the embedded software that is executed by the processor for meeting that specific requirement. The embedded software is also called “firm ware”. The desktop/laptop computer is a general purpose computer. You can use it for a variety of applications such as playing games, word processing, accounting, software development and so on. In contrast, the software in the embedded systems is always fixed listed below:

· Embedded systems do a very specific task, they cannot be programmed to do different things. . Embedded systems have very limited resources, particularly the memory. Generally, they do not have secondary storage devices such as the CDROM or the floppy disk. Embedded systems have to work against some deadlines. A specific job has to be completed within a specific time. In some embedded systems, called real-time systems, the deadlines are stringent. Missing a deadline may cause a catastrophe-loss of life or damage to property. Embedded systems are constrained for power. As many embedded systems operate through a battery, the power consumption has to be very low.

· Some embedded systems have to operate in extreme environmental conditions such as very high temperatures and humidity.

 Application Areas

Nearly 99 per cent of the processors manufactured end up in embedded systems. The embedded system market is one of the highest growth areas as these systems are used in very market segment- consumer electronics, office automation, industrial automation, biomedical engineering, wireless communication,

data communication, telecommunications, transportation, military and so on.

        In this project work, we have studied and implemented a complete working model using a Microcontroller. The programming and interfacing of microcontroller has been mastered during the implementation. This work includes the study of GSM Modem Using Sensors 2011 ECE Technical Project.

GSM network operators have roaming facilities, user can often continue to use there mobile phones when they travel to other countries etc..   

Download GSM Modem Using Sensors 2011 ECE Technical Project.

Automation of devices is the need of the hour today and it’s everyone’s desire to have remote access to their devices. This Download Btech Project on GSM MODEM & PIC16F877A Controller has designed a SMS supported controller through which a device can be switched ON/OFF by sending an SMS. This project can be implemented in homes, offices etc.

Digital displays have become a common sight in shopping malls. Also in railway stations, bus stations, information such as ticket details and platform number are displayed digitally. However in order to change any information digitally, one needs to connect to laptop/PC to alter any changes. Since everyone today owns a mobile phone, changing information digitally is managed just by an SMS.

                   The SMS controller designed in the project GSM modem and PIC16F877A controller is based on the system of sending and receiving SMS which is communicated over a GSM network. Once the SMS is received it has to be processed to execute the task required.

For performing the desired task, the prime requisites are availability of a GSM network and a microcontroller. The function of GSM modem is to decode the SMS instruction to the microcontroller. The microcontroller after detecting the message will gather information from the GSM network and carries out the required task.

Conclusion:

          This project can be implemented in schools, offices, colleges etc. It’s primary advantage being that it is  relatively cheaper mode and allows SMS retention when the network is busy. This project provides  fresh and creative outlook for remote control processing. This is the age where cellular communication is dominating. The IF and RF remote controllers have a very limited range for its field of operation. This project is a step ahead and provides a wide and extensive range of operation which extends globally covering a wide host of operations.

Download Btech Project on GSM MODEM & PIC16F877A Controller.

As control systems and industrial automation have become a very important part of our lives, this project GSM Based Temperature Monitoring System Engineering Project Report assumes significance in this scenario. This project focuses on observing temperature statistics in industries and makes use of embedded technology developed by Intel, fabricated for systems with high sensitivity.

By implementing this project, computing temperature statistics becomes relatively easier. The predicted application of this project would be as system controller aiding in dynamic management of time. Thus this project will enable in measuring and displaying temperature along with date, time. It sets temperature limits and controls the systems connected.

The project GSM Based Temperature Monitoring System Engineering Project Report comprises of a signal conditioning circuit having 2 temperature transducers along with an analog to digital converter. The transducer serves in converting temperature to equivalent electrical signal. ADC is used because microcontroller works on digital inputs.

The microcontroller is connected to the GSM unit via serial communication link and when data is to be sent to GSM unit; it is done through the RS 232 link. There is also the provision of a level translator TTL which decodes the voltage level to the compatible level.

Conclusion:

GSM Based Temperature Monitoring System is a project developed on a microcontroller and by modifying the software the project could be further enhanced. Though the project at hand aims at alerting of crucial temperatures, it can be further expanded to control temperatures. In a scenario dominated by dynamism where the nature of real time systems as well as their breed undergoes constant changes , this project tends to fulfill the basic functionality of interfacing them with changing environments making them more stable and reliable.

Download GSM Based Temperature Monitoring System Engineering Project Report.