Category: Electronics projects Topics

Though technological advancements are progressing at a fast rate, care must be taken to ascertain the negative effects on the environment and hazardous effects on the surroundings. The following project “Final Year Projects on Electonics Wastages A Poisonous Soup Of 21 Century” classifies electronic wastages and its impacts, future impacts on the environment and how to limit the problems.

  Electronic waste also known as E-waste comprises of discarded computers, metallic elements and lead based products like used batteries, glass, TV etc. These wastes are toxic in nature and bio-accumulative too. They can retard brain development and affect the nervous system adversely. People senselessly dump these toxic wastes directly in the environment without thinking about its consequences.

Final Year Projects on Electonics Wastages A Poisonous Soup Of 21 Century project aims at highlighting the need to minimize e-waste generation. As technology keeps progressing, electronic wastes will continue being generated. Hence one needs to limit the generation and devise control measures to keep it under check. This can be applied by Take back campaign which extends it to EPR where in the consumer returns the used electronic goods back to the producer for reuse/recycle.

Another method which can be deployed is using lead free devices. Currently research is going on to produce lead replacements. Besides this awreness should be made at every step and young students should be targeted. Awareness promotes education about e-wastes which in turn helps in reduction of E-wastes.

Conclusion:

The project explained here is an eye-opener and helps us to realize the potential harm electronic wastes possess. The most appropriate and economic solution is to spread awareness and is highly needed. Thus we all need to concentrate in promoting awareness about e-waste. We all need to realize that it is our duty to protect the environment.

Download Final Year Projects on Electonics Wastages A Poisonous Soup Of 21 Century.

An Electronic Circuit Breaker Electronics Project ideas is basically a replacement for a fuse and is fabricated to protect the electrical circuit from harm caused either by short circuit or overload. This circuit checks for discontinuity and then by interrupting the electrical flow, corrects the faulty condition. Since it is an electrical switch it can be reprogrammed again and normal operation continues.

This project deals with the automation of circuit breakers available in the market. The input memory is volatile (ROM) and output memory non-volatile i.e. RAM. It also comprises of a clock and an I/O unit. The electrical switch’s working is designed with the help of a microcontroller. These microcontroller chips are tiny in size and can be embedded.

The Electronic Circuit Breaker Electronics Project ideas discussed here makes use of CMOS 8-bit microcontroller. This microcontroller has an in-built programmable memory. It’s got several other versatile features and is very flexible to use and also a cost effective solution for the embedded system applications. The hardware of the microcontroller is driven by software instructions.

For any circuit, the power supply considerations are very important. The external supply which is got from the mains is 220 V. however this voltage isn’t used. By using a step down transformer, a voltage of 12 V is obtained. Further voltage regulators and bridge rectifiers are used to convert the AC to DC voltage. Here LM 7805 voltage regulator is used.                 

Conclusion:

Circuit breakers are manufactured in various sizes and shapes for all kinds of device applications. Also, to protect high voltage circuits, the electronic circuit breaker is designed to secure the entire city. This project safeguards not only from voltage but also current fluctuations. It can be implemented in power bus circuit breaker and battery shut circuit protection. It’s also employed in the regulator for current protection and power interrupt for sensitive systems.

Download Electronic Circuit Breaker Electronics Project ideas.

In practical systems, it is necessary to establish which units need to run thereby supplying the generator power only to those units. For a power system to function in the optimum mode with low power consumption, Final Projects Economic load dispatch (ELD) ECE is used. The main objective of this project is application of ELD to power systems working on genetic algorithm and tested on small systems.

By making use of this project, operations of existing systems can be controlled. Genetic algorithm is aimed at solving the economic load dispatch problem as one of the best methods. It utilizes 26 bus systems and is implemented via MATLAB.

The Final Projects Economic load dispatch (ELD) ECE satisfies various equality and inequality constraints where in the cost. This method implies that the total operating cost is minimum plus the system demands are met. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is an adaptive search technique and derives its models from biological organisms on the basis of evolutionary theory. This algorithm converges towards a global solution and works on both differential and continuous search.

A simple GA is an iterative method and functions by random generation of a population of binary strings. It then computes the fitness for every string present in the population. It then proceeds to crate off-springs via reproduction, crossover and mutation. If the search target is achieved then that generation is retained. If not the search continues.

Conclusion:

This project employs genetic algorithm to Economic Load Dispatch is explored and implemented. The use of simple GA gives best result only when genetic proportions like proportionate reproduction, simple mutation and one point in binary codes. When large constraints are present, the CPU takes a lot of time to process it. Thus ensure that constraints are decomposing in nature i.e. active and reactive. Also it is observed that GA economic load dispatch is as fast as conventional languages.

Download Final Projects Economic load dispatch (ELD) ECE Project.

Engineering Electronic Projects on Echo Cancellation System is seen in telephonic systems and is defined as the process of eliminating echo from voice communication thus improving the voice quality. Acoustic and hybrid echo are two types of echo relevant in telephony. This process firstly recognizes the original signal transmitted and then concentrates on the echo part and is removed by subtraction.

Acoustic echo emanates from a loudspeaker in situations when the microphone is in the same room. Such echo is seen in hands-free phone systems in cars, conference phones. It is also present when there are far end talkers in a room conversing. It is very important to cancel this echo as it retraces back in the original signal path serving as a distraction.

The Engineering Electronic Projects on Echo Cancellation System dealt with in this project concentrates on acoustic echo. Firstly a far-end signal is transmitted to the system. This signal is replicated by the speaker present in the room. At the same time a microphone also picks this signal which results in the production of acoustic echo. Then the far-end signal is filtered out and made to match the near-end signal by delaying it. This is followed by subtraction of far-end signal from the near-end signal. The final signal is a signal free of any sort of echo produced earlier by the speaker.

Conclusion:

The incorporation of echo cancellation directly into the circuit roughly translates that the echo cancellers in used can be easily switched ON/OFF through a call-by-call basis thereby eliminating the need trunk groups for voice and data calls. In the current telephony systems, echo cancellers are used in handheld communications through software based voice engine which performs the function of acoustic echo as well as any other echo present. The main application of this project is in voice messaging as well as voice response systems which use speech input for its operation.

Download Engineering Electronic Projects on Echo Cancellation System.

This project Electronics Project on Active Kiosk with Speech system is a brilliant tool to access and refer information automatically. This project is targeted mostly at Tourist information/Bus timings etc. The high point of this project is its flexible nature and easy-to-use features. It can be further coupled with an audio source to communicate pre-stored information about departure, timings, etc.

Since the inception of the 80’s, the microcontroller based display units have assumed importance and their demand has been increasing. These mechanisms find use in clock display units, pointer based instruments. Also, in field instruments where adjustments of field readings is done and the most obvious use is hand held gadgets used commercially.

The Electronics Project on Active Kiosk with Speech project is just the beginning point for proper use of microcontroller chips. Thus it makes use of hardware parts supported by software which is built in the microcontroller chip. One section of keypad is given to the input port of the motherboard which houses the microcontroller chip and the output is read from the output port connected to the display unit (7 segment).

The input data which is to be fed to the 89C51Micro-controller chip is done so by pressing keys on the input data keypad. This chip then manipulates the input data given by means of a software and transmits it to the output port. The output port comprises of a seven segment display which gives a visual view of the output as specified by the input.

Conclusion:

The project explained here can be further modified to accommodate features that will display information about timings, product information, etc. This project is mainly designed on 89C51 microcontroller chip. This chip is an Intel architecture based chip.  This system can be implemented in places where high rates of precision and accuracy in display unit are required. Furthermore this project exhibits versatility and consumes low power owing to its compact size. It offers a vast control range as it is built on a memory which can be reprogrammed.

Download ECE & EEE B Tech/ BE Final Project Report and Document on Active Kiosk with Speech.

This this project is titled “Microcontroller Based Turbidity Meter Final Year Electronics project report” which uses low cost sensors which lowers the accuracy of the meter. It is also coupled with a calibration mode that calibrates the meter for using in the project. The main objective is to produce a turbidity meter which can be used in under developed countries.

The project defines turbidity as well. It is closely connected to the amount of light that is dispersed by a sample when light passes through it. It dispersed at 90 degrees. This project takes advantage of the fact that there is a relationship between optical scattering and turbidity. This relationship is utilized to measure turbidity of the samples of liquid.

When light is passed through a sample, all the particles suspended in it will not pass the light through. Thus some particles will reflect light from the suspension. This light will be reflected at right angles to the direction of the entry of light. The light source used in the project is a laser source and the detectors used are two photodiodes which detect the intensity of transmitted as well as reflected light.

In this project, 3000 ADC readings are taken after gap of 5 ms. The turbidity measured by this project- Microcontroller Based Turbidity Meter Final Year Elctronics project report is close in the region of the true measured turbidity. Though not 100% accurate, this project utilizes the concept of reflected/transmitted light voltage ratios for calculation of turbidity and offers a wide range for measurement of turbidity.

Conclusion:

This project cannot be used for measuring turbidities having a high resolution but other than that the project works successfully. It must be ensured that water measurements made by this device must be accurate, as the readings are based on that. The readings recorded are consistent in nature.

Download Microcontroller Based Turbidity Meter Final Year Elctronics project Report.

The project “Improved Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol Of 3G Btech ECE Project” provides the authentication procedure of connecting user to the network or vice-versa. This Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) brings out the faults associated with the methods of network attacks. Plus an improved form of the protocol is presented.

As the mobile communication network has developed and expanded the conditions of mobile users for data services keep increasing making them the main parameter for mobile. The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a mobile communication system of the third generation (3G) and it has been formulated by keeping in mind the protocols s framed by International Telecommunications Union (IMU).

3G services include a host of services that is multimedia, internet, data service and all these at a good package. However information transmitted in this domain needs to be protected from possible threats i.e. illegal access. This is where the project Improved authentication and key agreement protocol of 3G comes into picture which guarantees safe and encrypted communication.

The process begins with the user going to another country and is subscribed to the SN (Serving network). He then registers himself to be equipped with AKA protocol safety. The project lists out the procedure for securing the network. The major advantage of this protocol is that it offers a 128 bit authentication key and supports signal messaging integrity.

Conclusion:

Thus we can conclude that AKA procedures increase securities compared to the GSM network. It provides a lot of users that to access a secure network unlike 2G services which do not have this feature. The information that is exchanged in the network has been given highest level of confidentiality as well as encryption. Moreover this mechanism is flexible in nature also.

Download Improved Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol Of 3G Btech ECE Project.

This project AT89C51 Development Kit ECE Final Year Project Download is a designed microcomputer. The best advantage of this system is that it is compatible with MCS-51 products which bring in a lot of services. It possesses flash memory which can be programmed and is in-built into the system. The endurance power of this system is around 4K bytes offering vast storage space and offering full static operation in the frequency range 0 to 24 MHz.

It has got a three level program memory lock and internal random access memory (RAM) of 128×8 bit. The input output lines in this system are programmable and are 32 in number. There is also the provision of two 16-bit counters with 6 interrupt sources provided. The serial channel is also programmable in nature. It consumes low power and has power down modes too.

The AT89C51 Development Kit ECE Final Year Project Download is a CMOS 8-bit microcomputer delivering high performance. It consumes less power and has 4K bytes of flash memory. This memory is programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device here is manufactured using ATMEL’s high density technology. It is a non-volatile memory and is compatible with the industry standards MCS-51 instruction and pin arrangement.

This on-chip flash memory permits the program memory to be re-programmed either by in-built mechanism or by the usual non-volatile memory programmer. By a combination of a versatile 8-bit CPU with flash memory embed on a monolithic chip. This is a powerful supercomputer that provides a highly flexible and cost viable solution to a range of embedded control applications.

Conclusion:

The project designed here is done in the research stage. Once stage 1 is completed, development can be done further. This kit is not only a simple kit but an inexpensive platform for testing and running the programs. It can be implemented in real life applications.

Download  AT89C51 Development Kit ECE & EEE B Tech/ BE Final Project Report and Document.

This project “Area Efficient Cryptography Processors for Smart Cards Engineering Final Project” shows the hardware implementation of the general cryptography algorithms implemented on a universal architecture. These smart cards used provide data storage capability and eliminates unused data.Smart cards are integrated circuits which have IC chips embedded in them and can process data. Smart cards can be implemented for user authentication by making us of cryptography circuits.

The microcoded cryptography processor is aimed at smart card applications and executes both private and public key algorithms. It also meets the power and performance specifications as stated. Among the different kind of algorithms available, DES (data encryption standard), AES (advanced encryption standard) and ECC (elliptic curve cryptography) which is approved by all organizations.

The project Area Efficient Cryptography Processors for Smart Cards Engineering Final Project utilizes for 3 algorithms. The first algorithm DES has been in use for 2 decades encrypts 64 bytes and is employed to encipher and decipher blocks of data through techniques of confusion and diffusion.  The next algorithm AES encrypts 128 bytes through operations like bytesub, shiftrow, mixcolumn and addroundkey. It has a unique code for encryption and decryption.

The ECC uses an elliptic curve equation to decipher the algorithm. It is a basic algorithm and is used as a secret key exchange which is called as Diffie-Hellman protocol. Out of these algorithms, DES is used for past compatibility while AES is employed for high security and these two algorithms are utilized by private sector. ECC is a public key algorithm.

Conclusion:

This project for the first time presents a set of three algorithms which can be used for both public and private sector. This project can be uses in the communications field, entertainment industry, healthcare, government etc. the capabilities and limitations of every algorithm have also been specified.

Download Area Efficient Cryptography Processors for Smart Cards Engineering Final Project Report.

In this project “Aquarium Probe Electronics & Communication Engineering Project”, one can supervise the temperature conditions as well as the amount of solvents. Not only this, the project scrutinizes the water density and maintains it to a certain limit.Aquariums are a pretty sight but a laborious process is to make sure that optimum conditions are provided to the fishes to survive. As such regular management of temperature conditions within the aquarium is dreary and equally monotonous is monitoring the level of water solvents that fishes require.

A lot of environmental factors are responsible inclusive of light and temperature conditions that affect fishes. Temperature control is a very important parameter as fishes survive only within a limited range of temperatures. The optimum temperatures for survival of fishes are between 24°C and 33°C that even promotes spawning in fishes. Temperature rise due to sunlight might prove critical to fishes and so does the impurities present in the water.

The project Aquarium Probe Electronics & Communication Engineering Project uses thermistor s a sensor for measuring temperature. When there are changes in the measurement of temperature, the resistance of the thermistor also varies. This causes voltage to change as well. This voltage is sent as an input to the LM358. This possesses two comparators in it. One of them is used to study the upper cut-off level while the 2^nd one is used for the lower cut-off level. One of the inputs is the thermistor voltage and the other input is reference voltage.

When the relay turns ON, the output of LM358 is high and drives the motor. The TSOP module is used to note the changes in light intensity passing through water. To produce the light required, the IR LED is used. The output voltage from TSOP module is amplified to the designated level via CA3140. This voltage is compared to the reference voltage.  Only if the comparator output is high, it drives the relay and turns ON the motor.

Conclusion:

The project here depicts a system which can regulate the temperature conditions of water and keep it to an optimum level by suitable measures. Thus it can be implemented at large aquariums.

Download Aquarium Probe Electronics & Communication Engineering Project.