Category: Electronics projects Topics

This category consists of electronics projects abstracts, ECE project reports and paper presentations. Students can select best electronics project topics on robotics, embedded systems, GPS, GSM, wireless communication ..etc. Here we provide full project reports for electronic projects and abstracts with circuit diagrams.
These projects can be used for mini and major projects which covers new topics and ideas.

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Target Detecting Android Embedded System Project for Final Year Students

Introduction to Target Detecting Android Embedded System Project:

In these days everything is automated for facing the new challenges the new technologies must be developed. In these days automated systems have less operability and reliability, flexibility and accuracy due to the demand of these automated systems is increased.

In the field electronic systems the worth and value of automated systems is very high and giving good performance. In this present war situation these robots are very useful to reduce the human losses and money. Example of this system is target detecting. The automated system is here for detecting the targets. It is developed using embedded system with micro controller. The robot moves whenever required.

This robot also contains embedded IR sensors for detecting obstacles and fire and anything in its way. This robot contains motors with help of this motors the robot moves flexibly and in any direction we want. The micro controller controls all the units in this system. That means it guides the system what to do whenever it counters a situation. If any obstacle commences in its way the obstacle is detected with help of IR sensors and the signal transmitted over the wires to IR receiver and the micro controller sends the instruction to the robot and moves the robot in another direction.

The hardware in this robot is a micro controller and motor and motor drivers body shell. This system can be used where we to find the accurate results and to reduce human efforts.

This system of target detecting can be developed using android OS so it can remotely configured using the android mobile. The system is very useful for this new trend of robots.

Download  Target Detecting Android Embedded System Project for Final Year Students.

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Power Line Carrier Communication ECE Project Report

Introduction to Power Line Carrier Communication ECE Project:

The aim of this abstract to present the standards, characteristics, technologies, products and development associated with the power line carrier communication systems.  The PLC is also called as mains communication. Power area network (PAN) describes the power used by different systems through distributed lines the carrier can carry the data of voice and signal by superimposing over alternate current of 50HZ to 60HZ. It carries broadband over current lines with data speed of 1MBPS.higher data can be transmitted by lower power distribution in power lines.

Operating Principle:

The device used for communication is built in power line modem. Which receives and transmits the data over power line PLM device contains both DCU MIU. The data is streamed on to the line by frequency shift keying.The central frequency is shifted +0.3 KHzto represent 1 or 0 of the binary data stream. The signal is coupled by PLM.  On the other side the receiving PLM will receive the data and convert it back to the binary data stream they can operate in Half-Duplex and multi division communication mode. Proper communication is produced by DCU MIU. The data rate of PLC channel is 600bps. Each MIU has facility repeater function so DCU can designate MIU subsystem as repeater function. It has sensitive signal detection and sophisticated digital filtering technique.PLC is highly immune to electrical noise interference.

APPLICATIONS OF PLCC:

There are different types of applications providing economic networking solutions. 

  Transmission& Distribution Network

  Home control and Automation

 Entertainment

 Telecommunication

  Security Systems

 Automatic Meter Reading 

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DMA Controller ECE Project Report

Introduction to DMA Controller ECE Project:

DMA controller is a device which controls the system to directly transfer the information from one peripheral to another. The controlling is necessary because the data move very fastly even faster than a particle. For example take a black and with picture with 256 and 240 vertical and horizontal dots respectively then  the picture is scanned twice that means 60 times every second when this dots are represented double on display. 256×240=61400 bits of information scanning of these bits twice means two microseconds for every bit.

For this process of fetching every time the memory and time also wasted. To avoid all this problems the data should be stored on onboard memory with built in scanning technique. This can be achieved by maintaining a ram and vram. The frame buffer refreshes every time when the data is accessed. DMA takes control over system bus and produces its own address and control’s information of system bus. Due to narrow timing constraints it is not suitable for scanning video for regular display. DMA is used regularly when the picture is transferred from regular memory frame buffer. It gains control over the processor which are using bus.  Intel 82357 DMA controller is used to control the transfer services. It has 40-pins. By maintaining several DMA chips together any number channels can be supported.

DMA Data Transfer:

DMA transfer can be triggered in two ways they are

  • By Software
  • By Hardware

Software:

                   When the process is executing DMA buffer is allocated and hardware is instructed to transfer the data in buffer the hardware writes the data and raises an interrupt and it is received by interrupt handler and it is handled.

Hardware:

                   The hardware notifies a new data is received. The interrupt handler asks the hardware where to transfer the data. The device writes the data and notifies once again.

Download  DMA Controller ECE Project Report.

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Hybrid Active Power Filters Electronics Project Report

Introduction to Hybrid Active Power Filters Electronics Project:

This system uses low power harmonic and easy control and computation methods and the harmonic with high are filtered by the high pass filters this utilizes the APF and performance of the filtering is improves with HPF. We use small passive components.

Prototype: when we talk about the control system, the time taken by the interrupts is based on the timer unit. Modulation is set at the 10 KHz and during that time interrupts are generated twice. The software that is used can be used in the three levels of priorities. The highest level is used for the security and time control process or you can set current, provide delay to the current and update the modulators. When the second level was on go then DC link is performed after the 75th interrupt that takes place. Then at the last level synchronization of the system takes place and interface is also updated.

Efficiency: power measurement is done to check the power losses of the system. Our main purpose of this is to compare the efficiency of hybrid filter systems and APF systems. We need to control the both the system so that their power efficiency remains the same. When we use the compensated harmonic bridges this in turn increases loss of power in both the filters. To avoid this we can use active filter of dc voltage of 750 V. this maintain the same efficiency that of the active filters.

These whole systems shows the passive components are small but are not degraded like active components. This also shows the efficiency of the harmonic filters. And there is small difference between the RL type and RC type load. Control delay can be used with low order harmonic to improve the system.

Download  Hybrid Active Power Filters Electronics Project Report.

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ZIG-BEE Monitoring and Control System ECE Project Report

Introduction to ZIG-BEE Monitoring and Control System Project:

In this paper we implemented a new concept in high level communications with low power digital based radio systems, in upcoming advancements of wireless communication systems our project ZIG-BEE monitoring and control system provides proprietary conditions for low cost, low power consumption, wireless network in global implementation.

Wireless communications are developing rapidly in recent days with the help of embedded systems in modern day applications, these integrated embedded systems paved path for the development of the revolutionary concept ZIG-BEE monitoring and controlling devices, these low data rate devices find many applications in the fast data communication systems.

By using this technique we can connect several nodes into a single network, the standard expectations of this concept is to control any kind of electronic devices and machines, in order to maintain proper energy management we demonstrated the ZIG-BEE concept having an ZIG-BEE module which continuously monitors the connected devices, ZIG-BEE arrived  in order to meet the requirements like global license free ISM band width operations, un interrupted geographic use, radio frequency penetration into various mediums, voice support control systems,  these systems are capable of working for years using inexpensive power utilities in controlling and monitoring devices, reliable and self healing, these networking techniques are robust with low complexity in remote monitoring control systems.

And they can transfer data rates up to 250 kb/s, with CSMA-CA channel access can address devices dynamically in this the network coordinator coordinates with all other network nodes through communication lines, in this we implemented 802.15.4 Architecture and its overview with performance parameters and simulation results were neatly explained below, this intelligent monitoring system is successfully designed and implemented using sophisticated techniques and These systems had many advantages like, security, HVAC transmissions, lighting control, access control, irrigation systems, environmental management systems, building automation, industrial management, security management, wireless sensor networks.  

Download  ZIG-BEE Monitoring and Control System ECE Project Report.

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Human Transporter System ECE Project Report

Introduction to Human Transporter System Project:

The human transporter is a two wheeled electrical vehicle can able to transport persons from one place to other and also equipment  it is an innovative eco friendly driving system capable of drawing loads up to 75 kilo grams, and runs at speed up to 12.5 mph, at a range of 11 miles for every single charge powered batteries (UPS), it was an self balancing systems uses highly sophisticated micro processors, dc gear motors, angle tilt sensors.

 Whenever a person stands on the limbs of the transporter the tilt sensor gets activated and the vehicle moves forward in order to get its previous balanced condition, it governs the movements of human body it replaces wheels instead of legs and dc drives instead of muscles, and electricity instead of energy, micro processor instead of brain and sensors instead of human eye.

Due to the rapid advancement of embedded systems in the field of control systems had begun to invent new technologies one of its application paved path for the invention of human transporter, it uses infra red sensors to sense the path for human travel without any obstacles, the displaying unit presents information about the varying conditions in the surroundings, and works as the user guide for the traveler.

This device operates under two operational modes,  manual  mode and auto mode in manual mode the traveler provided with an key pad in front of him to give directions while in the other hand in auto mode the transporter works based on the prescribed path which is already programmed in it, drives humans automatically, various tests were conducted  for the transporter for knowing its battery strength, load capacity, speed variations, performance limits, operations under varying conditions, these  transport systems are free from collisions by implementing obstacle avoidance technology. These ground population systems are the future for the human transportation with safe driving capabilities. 

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Food Waste Disposal Machine ECE Project Report

This paper presents a new concept in food waste management; due to lack of awareness among people resulting disasters management of wastes so in this paper we addressed the adverse effects caused due to improper management of   material wastes, in order to minimize the socio-economical conditions, environmental effects, human health hazards.

These unused, unwanted human garbage’s/junks are to be properly managed in order to reduce the negative impacts on environment and society, to generate minimum amount of wastages, and to achieve practical benefits.

They are two types of wastes, degradable and non degradable wastes, the degradable wastes comes under plants, livings organisms etc, where as the non degradable comes under the artificial wastes like plastics which cannot be decomposed.

The sources of these wastes are mainly domestic wastes, commercial wastes, animal wastes, electronic wastes, industrial wastes, hazardous nuclear wastes, and bio medical wastes.

These wastes are to be disposed properly or recycled, we a better recycling phenomenon in this project by implementing food waste disposal machine which the re uses these wastes in the form of fertilizers, by grinding the unused food materials and make it dry and feed to the plants in the form of fertilizers.

This project mainly consists of a relay, limit switch, IR sensor, induction and dc motors including transmitter and receiver sections operates at 12v dc supply, the input of this system is connected to any waste dumping systems like dish wash tubs,  and other garbage disposal, sewage disposal units, depending on the conditions of operation, these wastes are taken into the disposal system by means of an conveyor belt  and after processing the  recycled waste is feed to the plants,  the overall intent of this project is to provide the basic awareness in the minds of people  about the utilization of wastage’s for useful purposes, by separating these wastes at the source level itself.  

Download  Food Waste Disposal Machine ECE Project Report.

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Mobile Controlled Robot using DTMF Technology ECE Project Report

Introduction to Mobile Controlled Robot using DTMF Technology Project:

In our project Mobile Controlled Robot using DTMF, we implement a smart logic and control system based on embedded systems using a micro controller, here the DTMF robot machine is controlled by the mobile signals, in which we make a call to the mobile phone which is inter connected to the DTMF robot operated at auto answer mode, based up on the instructions given by our cell phone the robot operation depends our mobile acts as an remote control for the robot.

DTMF stands for dual tone multiple frequency based on this the robot movements are controlled. In this project we use two small dc motors or stepper motors or servo motors to drive the robot, one for the back wheel and the other for the front wheel based on h-bridge concept, the mobile device is interfaced with the intellectual device called micro controller this micro controller controls the movements of the robot by decoding the tones received from the DTMF, and performs the pre defined tasks appropriate for that condition.

The major components of this project are the DTMF control drives, 89C52 micro controller, and GSM modem with mobile, mechanical robot system operated at continuous regulated linear mode supply. Conventional radio frequency robot control techniques had disadvantages like, limited working range, and limited frequency and bandwidth ranges, and with less operational control.

In this project using mobile phone for robotic control had wide working ranges with high control, less interference with intense accessibility. These DTMF mechanical systems find applications in military security actions like spy robot for bomb detection, in industrial security, controlling house hold appliances, for long distance remote sensing systems.

Up to now we discussed about the supervising strategies for the sensing the adverse effects, if we implement a Wireless CMOS Camera interface with the robot we can obtain the pictorial information also.

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Accident Information Using GPS and Sensors Project Report

Introduction to Accident Information Using GPS and Sensors Project:

The main objective of this project is to provide the information about the accidents to the concerned authorities through wireless technology including the information time and place. If an accident occurred in any place the accident information system gets activated and delivers the information in shorter duration, now a days it is very difficult to locate the accident location because of heavy population and various changing conditions in transport systems.

Our system make use of GPS and GSM service in providing the information and place identification, previous system are not able to generate the spot location  using GSM but combining with GPS technology  provide the spot location facility, this automotive localization system comprises of  GSM module vibrating sensor with an GPS modem , the transmitter section consists of  GPS module which takes instructions based o the latitude and longitudinal positions from the antenna controlled by the micro controller,  GSM vibrating sensor, temperature sensor, with LCD display used to display the status and position of the vehicle.

This GPS module had GPS antenna is an high performance receiver which can track signal from 20 satellites, and the receiver section had an GSM receiver module consist of mobile station for communicating from one place to other place transmits the information to the control system with display computer, and this circuit will operates at 12v dc linear mode power supply.

This linear mode power supply is obtained from the full bride rectifier which converts 12vac to dc and this 12v ac is taken from the step down transformer which steps downs 230v ac to 12v dc.

This proposed system provides security for the drivers this can be implemented by connecting this system to the automobile by using this tracking system we can reduce the time delay, providing the immediate attention on the accident conditions with proper medication in case of remote areas.

This system can be improved by connecting a camera module in order to achieve pictorial information facilitating easy interrogation.    

Download  Accident Information Using GPS and Sensors Project Report.

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PWM Fed Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PC ECE Project Report

Introduction to PWM Fed Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PC Project:

This project presents a new concept in electric load monitoring systems, in order to facilitate the good energy usage characteristics, here in this paper we implemented a new approach  in speed control of induction motors rather than conventional speed control approaches like  pole changing, stator resistance control, rotor resistance control, and frequency control methods.

In this new technique pulse width modulation the width of each pulse is varied based on the reference sine wave voltage, in this we produce several pulses in every half cycle, and maximum at the end of each half cycles and decreases, increases on either side of the half cycle, in pulse width modulation technique we can use triangular , trapezoidal, square wave as an carrier wave, this carrier wave is mixed with the reference sinusoidal wave having higher amplitude than the carrier wave in an comparator .

The pulses are generated by continuous on/off operations of the   IGBT’s, the output frequency is based upon the reference signal frequency by controlling modulation index, thus by varying the amplitude of the sine wave in its maximum and minimum ranges we can control the output voltage, now in this project we regulate the speed of an single phase induction drive by varying the supply frequency using  pulse width modulation technique based inverter controlled by the PC, our system consists of  a Microcontroller, opt-coupler, MAX232 data sheet, transistor TRIAC and  LCD to display  the obtained output.

This prototype is designed using visual basic, MPLAB, It operates at 5v dc supply, so we need to step down the 230v ac into 12v ac by a step down transformer and rectified into 5v dc by the help of full bridge rectifier, and then feed to the proposed circuit.

The entire phenomenon is clearly explained in the coming sections, the experimental results revealed that low cost, high efficient speed control system, with minimum risk in operation, and finds house hold applications because it uses pc to control the speed. 

Download  PWM Fed Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PC ECE Project Report.