Category: Electrical Projects

Download All Electrical Projects, Project Ideas, Project Abstracts, Project Reports for free. Electrical final year students can select electrical best topics form list and use these projects for mini and major projects. Electrical diploma students can also select best topic for major project.

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Laser Torch Based Voice Transmitter and Receiver Block Diagram

Since from the very beginning of global communication through radio frequency waves to fiber optic communication the entire criteria had taken several modifications, recently by introduction of lasers in communication systems had made revolutionary change in field of spatial communication in fact I will the future for groundbreaking developments going to take place in communication systems. And lasers will sooner the ultimate replacement of radio signals

In this paper we implemented Laser torch-based voice Transmitter and receiver technology for exchanging data between stations, this paper addresses a new means of voice transfer between persons,

Our project ma goal is to provide a better option where large data is to be transferred with in a shorter duration of time along specified distances. Lasers having high functional abilities and ideal choice for less interference transmission had found many applications in recent days. Lasers exhibits high coherence and crystal clarity in terms transferring data. Though it is youngest technology in communication it became the future scope for the scientists in spatial communication advancements.

Our mainly consists of the following elements, condenser microphone, the name itself shows it’s a capacitor or often called electrostatic microphone its function is to receive the sender voice and transmits to the transistor  amplifier BC548, here the signal is coupled with the laser beam and feed to the receiver where the photo transistor receives this signal and converts it into audio signal, this audio signal is again amplified  and modulated by the LM386 basic power amplifier IC, at the final stage and fed to 0.5w/8ohm Speaker.

We use various types of lasers for transmission of audio signals some of them are Gas lasers, Chemical lasers, Excimer lasers, Fiber-hosted lasers, Photonic crystal lasers, Semiconductor lasers, Dye lasers, free electron lasers. Depending Up their requirement different laser is used for different ranges.

Download  Laser Torch Based Voice Transmitter and Receiver Block Diagram .

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Project Report on Laser Torch Based Voice Transmitter and Receiver

Introduction to Laser Torch-Based Voice Transmitter and Receiver Project:

Right from the origin communication system had undergone several changes in terms of its advancement, continuous modernization taking place in every aspect of global communication. This electronic media starting from satellite communications had invented new dimensions in the field of wireless communication, research in these areas created a new concept of communication by means of lasers, no one ever expected this kind of development in communication strategies and its always a raising question that how we communicate by implementing lasers, in our project we give a detailed answer about how we communicate with others by using laser technology.

The main operation of our project is based on the two sections one is laser transmitter section and the other laser receiver section the combination of these two sections constitutes the entire circuit block.

The proposed circuit basically had the transmitter circuit and this block consists of transistor amplifier BC548 coupled with condenser microphone, and an audio modulator (BD139). The audio signal which is to be transmitted is feed along with the laser beam and transmitted in air by laser torch, the photo transistor located  in the receiver circuit  takes the information  and converts into audio signal, this audio signal is feed to the amplifier circuit which modifies the given signal and transmits to the listeners speaker,

 Here we use LM358   (Low Power Dual Operational Amplifier) gives low noise amplification, high input impedance, high current driving capability. And the total components with their specifications are elaborately explained in this paper. The overall advantages of our laser based voice transmitter and receiver is to provide speed and accuracy with high data rates, minimal interruptions and highly flexible. The performance characteristics and the practical results verified with real time applications.

The future scope for the laser based communication is to achieve the two way laser communication in spatial communications.

Download  Project Report on Laser Torch-Based Voice Transmitter and Receiver.

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ECE Mini Project Report on IR Music Transmitter and Receiver

Introduction to IR Music Transmitter and Receiver Project:

With the eight octaves music creating infinite notes and it is really amazing and pleasing thing. Music is something unique and universal. In our daily life music become our part of life. Every day we enjoy the music at any time that may at home, occasion, parties or at office while working also. While working when we feel tiered and if we listens music it gives much relief than any other and makes us refresh to continue the day with very energetic. We find many music lovers in our day to day life, even the animals respond to the music who said to them.

Listening music is one of the arts and from clapping to slapping every well sense sound can be treated as music. To listen music we need to transfer the music and to catch it we need to receive it. Our project is to develop music transmitter and receiver with infrared rays (IR) system which generates audio musical notes and one can heard upto a distance of 10 meters.

Through infrared rays the generated melody is transmitted and is reproduce without any noise or disturbance to the remote place.

Generator, amplifier, transmitter and receiver are the parts using in this project. Generator consists of an IC UM66 which continuously generates melody music notes in the transmitter section. The generated music notes from the generator is fed to the amplifier to remove the unwanted signals and amplified music bits are sent by transmitter through IR driver as infrared beam can heard up to 10 meters distance. In this project the volume of the music can be varied that is increased or decreased by using a potentio meter. This project of IR music transmitter and receiver is well designed and effectively worked. Music lovers will enjoy this application very much.

Download  ECE Mini Project Report on IR Music Transmitter and Receiver.

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New Technologies Used In the Maintenance Of Underground Cables ECE Project Report

Introduction to New Technologies Used In the Maintenance Of Underground Cables Project:

Power system is divided into three parts. They are generation, transmission and distribution. Power is transmitted through overhead lines. The major power losses occur in transmitting the power from one place to another place while transmitting the power through overhead lines. Impedance and ohmic losses are the main reasons for the power loss. Growing demand of power is increasing the need of electricity. Security and flexibility is required in transmission and distribution of power in order to give efficient power in cases of unfavorable environmental conditions also.

With use of underground cables we can overcome the transmission losses like and ohmic losses upto some extent in comparison with the overhead transmission lines. With this new technology of underground cabling had the characteristics of low impedance and ohmic loss increase power transmission capacity. For long distance high power transmission high voltage underground lining is effective.

Underground lining is preferred mainly in highly populated areas, difficult planning areas and where land is not available, water ways. Unique benefits of underground cables are low transmission losses, can handle emergency power load, low maintenance cost, no electric field is emitted, less susceptible and have many advantages.

But the main disadvantage of underground cables is more expensive installation required than overhead lines. Because of this reason underground cables are restricted to the areas of densely populated and water ways areas. Other than this disadvantage we can prefer the underground cables than overhead transmission lines.

This project explains the advantages and disadvantages of the underground cables over overhead transmission lines and how to lay underground cables. Underground cables give an appropriate solution for loss less power transmission.

Download  New Technologies Used In the Maintenance Of Underground Cables ECE Project Report.

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Intelligent Train ECE Project Report

Introduction to Intelligent Train ECE Project:

In India largest means of transportation is through railways. We have a very sophisticated and well established railway system. India’s railway network is the biggest railway network in the south Asia. There are different types of trains according to the speed and stops of the trains.

A single train can transport much number of people and goods. Even though our railway system is well defined and designed the train accidents are more frequently happening. In these train accidents we are loosing many lifes. If we can add intelligence for the trains then we may avoid most of the train accidents.

We can develop efficient methods like train signal control system using micro controller which works on signals.

In this project we can add intelligence to the train with the help of microcontroller, coordinating it with the DC motor of the train which controls the speed of the train. In this project we use GPS module to locate the train which is given as input to the PIC.

Microcontroller forms the heart of this project as it only controls all the functions. Latitude and longitude of the location given by the GPS module is  compared with data already present in the microcontroller, this helps LCD to display and announce the station names.

The main device in this project is track break detector which detects whether the track is broken or not. If the track break detector found any breaks on the track then train will stop immediately at any point and the door will be opened.

By this way using automated intelligent train we can avoid maximum number of train accidents occurring due to track breaks and can save many life’s. 

This application is a fully automated and robust system which has the advantages of less time delay, quick response and low power requirements gives a safe journey to you all.

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Intelligent Security System Project Report for ECE Final year Students

Introduction to Intelligent Security System Project:

In our daily life we can find many people suffering lack of security around everywhere and for everything. If we see the daily news paper we may find at-least 2-3 news about robbery in jewelry shops, in homes, in temples. For robber simple man to a rich man all are common people to rob. So, there is a need and urge for secure life and security giving devices.

In our project intelligent security system we are going to design a programmable locking system by using a microcontroller with the help of embedded c. In this project microcontroller forms the heart of the project as it forms controlling unit and controls the whole device of the system.

By using three units like keyboard unit, control unit and display unit we are going to design this intelligent security system project. The use of Keyboard unit is to lock/unlock the particular device with the help of number keys containing in it. Display system indicates weather the device is already locked, unlocked or permanently remain locked as the user entered wrong password.

Finally control system controls the whole system, which is the main device and this is coordinated with both the units so that if one entered wrong password with the use of keyboard unit and display unit will indicate some gestures built in it for specific functions with the help of these two units output the control unit gives an alarm if the entered password is wrong.

With the help of this project intelligent security system we can protect many things happening in day today life. We can use this application in many major projects like in Telecom applications, automotive applications, domestic applications, aerospace applications, defense systems and in many more applications.

Download  Intelligent Security System Project Report for ECE Final year Students.

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Intelligent Metro Train Electronics Project Abstract

Introduction to Intelligent Metro Train Electronics Project:

In metropolitan cities like Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, etc., no of vehicles are increasing day by day as the population increasing. One of the major city like Delhi has been experiencing a rapid growth in population from the last few decades. So, the number of vehicles has been increased to 40 lakhs. Today traffic on the roads of Delhi, not only in Delhi in all the cities is a mix-up of various kind of vehicles like scooters, buses, cars and auto rickshaws, resulting wastage of fuel and giving environmental pollution.

To rectify the situation the government of India proposed Mass Rapid Transport System (MRTS) is going to be one of the most eco friendly projects, metro rail concept came into the picture. Main problem associating with the trains is that it is having fixed stops in particular stations only. Some kind of trains like super fast and express trains may not halt in every small station.

For any emergency cases trains having chains so that we can pull the chain and stop the train but in some cases like we missed the required train and caught into super fast train and our destination is reach is a small station, the super fast train wont halt there and if we want to drop into the station we cannot pull the chain provided for emergency cases in all situations except in a worst cases.

This project gives a solution for the above mentioned problem with intelligent metro train. Our main aim through this application is to stop the train for a few minutes at our desired defined destination.  By using a micro controller, DC motor and RF transmitter and receiver we can design this project.

The heart of this project, Micro controller is used to control the movement of DC motor. On announcing the place or station name in the LCD, micro controller will control moment of the train and stop the train at intimated destination for at-least 2 min. This facility makes a added advantage for metro rails for people.

Download  Intelligent Metro Train Electronics Project Abstract.

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Intelligent Ambulance for City Traffic Police Micro Controller ECE Project Report

Introduction to Intelligent Ambulance for City Traffic Police Micro Controller Project:

In now a days one of the serious and major problems faced by each individual is traffic jam. Traffic congestion is becoming a more and more critical problem day by day.  Main reasons for increasing traffic jam are high number of vehicles, the inadequate infrastructure and the irrational distribution of the development. Increase in population and the development of economy are the indirect reasons for the increase of traffic jam.

Due to Traffic jams the ambulances will take more time to reach hospitals, as a result due to lack of proper medical assistance the patient’s situation can become more worse or even results death.

As sometimes traffic will at least for 100 meters, in such situations controlling traffic manually may not be effective as the traffic inspector cannot hear siren from that long.  The current project focuses to resolve such issues by providing a mechanism which will detect the arrival of ambulance with emergency at junctions and control the signal so that the rout for ambulance will be cleared and hence the patient will get medical assistance in time.

As per this project every ambulance and traffic control system will be integrated with the required hardware and software. Whenever an ambulance with emergency struck up in traffic jam it will send a signal to traffic control system and traffic control system will process the request and provide required signal hence rout will be cleared.

If this project is implemented we can achieve well managed traffic system which will reduce the incidents of ambulances getting struck up in traffic.

Download  Intelligent Ambulance for City Traffic Police Micro Controller ECE Project Report.

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ECE Project Report on Integrated Solar-Wind System for Generation of Electricity

Introduction to Integrated Solar-Wind System for Generation of Electricity:

Renewable energy sources are mainly wind, solar and hydro power. Geothermal energy is the thermal energy (heat) from the Earth. The temperature of matter is determined by the energy called Thermal energy. 20% of the geothermal energy of Earth’s crust is originated from the original formation of the planet and 80% from radioactive minerals.

The temperature difference between the core of the planet and its surface is called geothermal gradient which gives a continuous conduction of thermal energy from the core to the surface in the form of heat.  At the core of the Earth, the temperatures may reach more or equal to 5000 degrees Celsius that is 9,000 degrees Fahrenheit.

Geothermal power is the power generated from geothermal energy. This new method of integrated solar wind system provides that how to reserve the geothermal energy and generate electricity while storing geothermal energy. The main logic using behind this application is the temperature difference of air at the various levels of atmosphere. Geothermal reserve is created during summer as the temperature or heat in atmosphere in summer is high and utilized in the winter

Since from Paleolithic times geothermal energy has been used for bathing and since from ancient Roman times geothermal energy has been used for space heating. About 10,715MW (megawatts) of geothermal power is online in 24 countries around Worldwide. Geothermal power is cost effective, reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly, but it is limited to areas which are only near to the tectonic plate boundaries.

Geothermal energy stored in summer and used in winter, as the energy stored or removed from the earth is reversible cycle we can also use the same system for the opposing cycle i.e., bi-directional which increases the output of the system. The mail advantages of this system are low maintenance and conservation.

Download  ECE Project Report on Integrated Solar-Wind System for Generation of Electricity.

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Fire Detection by Image Analysis ECE Project Report

Introduction to Fire Detection by Image Analysis Project:

The main aim of this project is to detect the fire by analyzing images. The process is carried out by comparing y, cb, and cr of YcbcR color model. The sensors are not used in this project. For creating Y, CB, Cr components from a RGB image. The color space transformation equation is used for transformation of each RGB pixels in to the Y, CB, and Cr image. Y indicates Luma that is black or white achromatic portion of the image and CB, Cr are red, blue difference between the Chroma components.

These colors are chosen initially why because illumination can be separated easily from the image than other colors. Based on these conditions the alarm will rang. 

 If the fire pixel has y(x,y)>=Cr(x,y)>=Cb(x,y).

  Whenever a non- pixel does not satisfy this condition. That is a fire pixel.

 If certain number of pixels like 10 to 50 satisfy above condition the alarm will rang

Design & Structure:

This fire detection alarm consists of a camera with 12 megapixels for high quality resolution and picture analysis. This is connected to the computer which receives the video bit sequence with 640×480 resolutions and then it analyzed based on the above conditions specified.

The model supposed to detect 70% of fire and 10% of false alarm.

Applications:

  It can be used railway stations

 It can be used in nuclear power plants

  It can be used in bus-station as well as airports

  It can be used in the fireworks manufacturing company

  It can be used in forest which are most frequently lit out

  Where we can find a place for frequent fire catchable it can be used their

Conclusion:

By this model we can only some amount of fire but not accurately.

Download  Fire Detection by Image Analysis ECE Project Report .