Category: ECE and EEE Project Abstracts

This category consists of latest abstracts which can be used for institutions for developing new projects for electrical and electronic final year students. Electronics students can download mini and major projects with abstracts and project reports.

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Final Year ECE Seminar Topic on Application of Swarm Robots with Full Report

Introduction to Seminar Topic on Application of Swarm Robots:

This paper shows a prologue to the universe of swarm robots and adumbrates its requisitions. Swarm robotics is right now without a doubt the most imperative provision ranges for swarm insights. The specialist has an essential thought of advancing swarm robots for the security reason. The aforementioned robots can spy in any locale without any block of spotting it shape. Swarms furnish the conceivability of improved job exhibition, heightened reliability (blame tolerance), easy unit many-sided quality and diminished cost over conventional robotic frameworks.

They can achieve certain assignments that could be implausible for a lone robot to actualize. Swarm robots might be connected with a large number of fields, for example adaptable assembling frameworks, shuttle, Inspection/maintenance, development, horticulture, and pharmaceutical work.

Swarm-bots are a gathering of portable robots fit to self-amass and to self-compose to tackle situations that lack the capacity to be explained by a solitary robot. The proposed robots consolidate the force of swarm knowledge with the adaptability of self-reconfiguration as total swarm-bots can rapidly update their structure to match natural shifts. Swarm robots are more than unequivocally arrangements of autonomous executors; they are plausibly reconfigurable systems of imparting executors fit for of composed sensing and collaboration with nature. Robots are determined to be a critical part of the fate.

In the close destiny, it might be plausible to prepare and convey imposing various cheap, disposable, meso-scale robots. Admitting that confined in single ability, such robots conveyed in vast numbers can speak for a unyielding total drive comparable to a state of ground dwelling insects or swarm of killer bees

This boid model appears sensible depending on if we acknowledge it from a different outlook, that of it acting as per magnetism and aversion between neighbors in a group. The repugnance association outcomes in the shirking of impacts and magnetism makes the group keep shape, i.e., replicating developments of neighbors might be viewed as a sort of pull. The middle control plays a function in both pull and aversion. The swarm conduct of the recreated run is the consequence of the thick collaboration of the moderately effortless conducts of the unique bids.

Download Final Year ECE Seminar Topic on Application of Swarm Robots with Full Report .

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ECE Major Project Idea on Relay Coordination with Project Report

Introduction to Relay Coordination with Project:

This paper addresses the design and implementation and the importance of relay coordination in an electrical system, the proper operation of an electrical system depends on the coordination of relay system to a greater extent, when  an electrical system under faulty conditions the protective device has to be operated successfully, in every electrical system circuit breakers are the major protective devices which operates based on relays, relays are electrically operated switches using electromagnetic phenomenon, so in high power distributions these relays are to be operated effectively, so proper coordination with the protective devices may facilitates accurate fault detection and eradication.

With an intent to provide Proper application and coordination of over current relays in an electrical system we implemented this project, relay coordination can be done by proper plug setting and time multiplication setting, here in this project we discuss about the operation principles of relays basically relays operates under two principles, Electromagnetic attraction, Electromagnetic induction.

The electromagnetic attraction relays are actuated by dc or ac currents, the types of electromagnetic relays are attracted armature type relay, Solenoid type relay, Balanced beam type relay.

And the electromagnetic relays operates based on the principle of induction motors, these are not operated under dc quantities, the various types of induction relays are Shaded-pole structure, Watt-hour-meter structure, Induction cup structure.

The operation of these relays are discussed individually in the coming sections, the coordination of relays elements has to be made with an intent to attain high sensitivity conditions, the measuring functions are made by an analog/binary signal converting measuring element which has an fixed output level.

This output signal is amplified in the output element, for these operations the power supply is given by the feed element usually it is from mains or from an external battery. Finally by implementing all these required conditions we will achieve a highly accurate, less operational speed, low power consumption relays.  

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PWM Fed Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PC Final Year ECE Major Project Report

Introduction to PWM Fed Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PC Project:

The main objective of this project is to control the speed of an induction motor with pulse modulation technique; this paper deals an innovative way of induction motor speed control mechanism rather than the conventional approaches like stator/rotor resistance control, frequency control method and pole changing method. Here we use sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique and the control operations are monitored by using PC.

A speed encoder is used to detect the speed of the induction motor, IGBT switches in PWM inverter as their switching devices, in this technique several pulses are generated in a single half cycle, and the width of these pulses are varied in accordance to the amplitude of the reference signal, the width of the pulse at the end of the half cycle is maximum, and reduces on the either side.

The carrier wave and the reference wave are coupled in an comparator and pulses generated when the amplitude of the carrier sinusoidal signal is lower than the reference signal, the carrier frequency is controlled by the modulation index M, the peripheral hardware components used in this circuit are Induction Motor, PIC (16F877A) Microcontroller is used here provided with an EPROM memory, Power Supply Unit, Opt-coupler is used for short optical transmission path to transfer an electronic signal between transmitter and the receiver, LCD, transistor TRIAC i.e.

Triode is  an electronic component which is  equivalent to two silicon-controlled rectifiers joined in inverse parallel in order to conduct current in the both directions, With a Current sensor, voltage sensing unit. This overall circuit is operated at a power supply of 5v dc so we need to step down the 230v ac into 12v ac by a step down transformer and rectified into 5v dc by a full bridge rectifier and a voltage regulator.   This new method is a low cost, highly reliable and accurate device with minimum risk.

 Download PWM Fed Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PC Final Year ECE Major Project Report.

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Final Year ECE Seminar Topic on Green Photonics with Report

Introduction to Green Photonics Seminar Topic:

This paper addresses the importance of the green photonics in protecting environment; this paper gives a clean overview about the importance of these green photonics in the production of clean energy and solid state lightning with their importance in energy loss reduction and environmental sensing.

This project helps people to understand about how these photonics can be used to green house effect and present a new revolutionary concept called artificial photosynthesis, now coming to this project overview the concept green photonics is nothing but the involvement of photonics in generation and conservation of energy with less environmental pollution, by reducing green house gasses effects and providing an most sustainable and environmental friendly energy. Here we implement the photovoltaic (PV) power generation, and a high efficiency Solid-State Lighting (SSL) generation, organic photo sensors, and Artificial Photosynthesis

Which uses synthetic material in the place of chlorophyll molecules and “artificial leaf” power generation is created by the use of this synthetic material this is known as artificial photosynthesis. This is a renewable energy resource with less carbon emissions. This historic first generation green photonics has many advantages, like greater energy conversion and higher efficiency, greater impact on pollution reduction,  environmental sensing and monitoring with less green house gas emissions.

In the optoelectronics growth in industries and government policies in implementing green photonics in energy generation, these are now becoming an promising future for the upcoming green generation technologies with higher energy savings, these green photonics are the ideal choice to minimize the light pollution by implementing artificial photosynthesis, this paper includes the design and implementation with experimental verification details including the recent day market trends in green optoelectronic manufacturing with their energy efficient prospects.  And finally it had proven to be very useful in providing simple solutions for light pollution.  Solid State Lighting will be the future energy source for this world.

Download Final Year ECE Seminar Topic on Green Photonics with Report.

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ECE Final Year Project Report for Intelligent Network Intrusion Detection System Project

Introduction to Intelligent Network Intrusion Detection System Project:

In today’s generation Internet has become the most efficient and largely used service for the help of the users. People use internet to search and get their valuable data but the internet is the most visiting lace for the internet attackers this attackers and hackers keeping searching for the opportunity to make some actions and put the loyal people in danger.  This existing system is the device which scans the internet and quickly alerts the user or the system network if any crime or any attack is detected by the attackers. This saves the system from getting hacked by the attackers.

To test this system there are various applications like the Black Box testing and the White Box testing. Black box testing operated the demo software and checks whether the inputs are accepted or not. White box testing checks the source code and the other important information related to the development of the system

The system concluded that after the detection of the criminal networks which is done by following the Native Bayes algorithm the complete system helps in detecting the criminal attacks by using a large technique which the previous system was not capable of doing it successfully. This existing system allots very accuracy to the output results; it also provides regular update to the users, this system can detect the sever attacks in less duration of time and less efficiency too.

This system ha s a limitation is that it works only on the IPv4 networks only and in coming future the developers are readily generating the system which can work even on the IPv6 networks too.  This system will have its complete interdependent nodes though it has some or little limitations also.  It is based on the active platforms and always low down the negative responses from the system executions. 

 Download  ECE Final Year Project Report for Intelligent Network Intrusion Detection System Project .

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Infrared Data Transmission ECE Lab Project Report

Introduction to Infrared Data Transmission ECE Lab Project:

The existing system has two parts or is divided into two sub types called as the transmitter and the receiver. Here the transmitter uses the PWM called as the pulse width modulation which is the partnership with the IR diode to generate the high frequency range. This high frequency module at last is then made slow to transfer the data in the safe condition.

This device is something similar to the transmission protocol called as the standard RS-232. This transmitter uses the 8 bit data and also a single stop bit. Here the signals are transferred near about 40% first so this bits are been sent at the start and then the other is sent later.

This is meant to a laboratory experiment and has very similarity to generate the computer and the internet modem. This internet modem is then used to connect the computer through the internet by making the use of the dial up modem and it is also even connected by the telephone networks also.

The modem has the IR transmission and also the processor and it makes the modules that are of the higher frequency to transfer the data. The modem which is used for receiving the data and the information may be demodulated by the signals too. But in this system the device automatically demodulates the signals while in the execution process. 

 Download  Infrared Data Transmission ECE Lab Project Report .

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Electronics Project Idea on Video Security for the Ambient Intelligence

Introduction to Electronics Project Idea on Video Security for the Ambient Intelligence :

The Project is an application for the security and identification purpose by installing the video system to identify people and to track the people and movements and their counting in an intelligent building under the design of ambient intelligence or AmI.

The system is installed to work for the security purpose to get information of the visitors in the public buildings and busy routes. The computer vision technique has been implemented to evaluate and processes the video recordings that has been captured by the video camera. 

The AmI framework establishes the building an intelligent building. The Intelligent buildings consists of the Central computer system or server that regulates the sub systems like heating ventilation, HVAC systems, lighting, fire and the security systems. 

The central systems observe and keep updated by the settings of the controlled associated or sub systems for any physical changes occur to the AmI. 

The highly secured Id authentication provides the system to inaccessible from the unauthorized user. 

The very impressive function of the system is to count the people and controls the air conditioning and the ventilation. 

The system is very useful for the shopping malls, and make a comparison for the customers visiting and purchasing goods. 

The Proposed System 

The Proposed system is a concept of the use of smart sensors that are incorporated in a building to make a continuous monitoring. The smart sensors are combined in different machines to track the building. The high level nodes receive information sent by the sensors and follow the rules mentioned to develop complex information. The simple events are presented by the finite automata. The complex events are traced by the system. The integrated sensors are of two different types:

  1. The sensor for the associated multisensor to track various things and people.
  2. The sensors for counting of people. 

The Proposed System has the below processing steps.

  1. Image Acquisition
  2. Change Detection
  3. People Detection and Tracking
  4. Merge andSplit

  Download  Electronics Project Idea on Video Security for the Ambient Intelligence .

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Eye on Cell Phone Operated Land Over Electronics and Telecommunication Project Report

Introduction to Eye on Cell Phone Operated Land Over Electronics and Telecommunication Project:

In this paper we will see a mobile operated robot which has wireless camera placed in front of it. In this we use two mobiles one is placed in the robot and the other acts like a remote for controlling the robot.

In this paper we will about the working if the mobile based robot and the advantage of using mobile signals for controlling the robot rather than radio frequency signals.

Working model and design:

In the transmitter unit we have a mobile which acts as a remote for controlling the robot and the input is given through the cell keypad itself.

In the transmitter unit we find a cell attached to the microcontroller and based on the input it drives the motors to move forward or backward.

To identify the number typed at the receiver from the receiver phone we will use DTMF technique.

In this technique two tones will be generated based on this tone information the pressed input is identified at the receiver mobile.

We will use a AT90S8515 microcontroller which drives the motors and the components based on the receiver mobile information.

The information from the mobile is decoded and transmitted in binary form to microcontroller using a DTMF decoder which is 4 bit device.

To drive the DC motors we use L293 motor drivers and a TV tuner is used for transmission of video of wireless camera.

The microcontroller is has advanced RISC instruction set and it has flash memory which allows the modification of the program.

Advantages:

This device can be used to monitor the equipments in the industries and as we can watch the working of the devices through video.

We are using mobile signals for communication because they are wide spread and there will be very less effect to signals because of noise.

We can even use radio frequency signals but they have limited bandwidth and gets effected due to noise.

Download  Eye on Cell Phone Operated Land Over Electronics and Telecommunication Project Report.

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Microcontroller Based Home Security System ECE Project Report

Introduction to Microcontroller Based Home Security System Project:

Microcontroller based home security system is a new revolutionary concept which is attracting everyone’s attention in recent times. With an intent to provide security right from household purpose to small, medium, large scale industries including  security  in  military organizations.

This paper address a new technology that had numerous applications in the field of security, these devices operate automatically due the interruption caused in the path followed by the infra red rays.  Having an ideology to protect our houses and valuables we implemented this concept in this the transmitter emits infra red radiations continuously to the receiver section whenever there is an interruption in the IR radiation the relay senses it passes signal to the  micro controller, the micro controller operates the siren blows.

The alignment of transmitter and receiver are such that the IR rays directly falls on to the phototransistor LI4GI which is placed on the receiver, the obtained signal is amplified by the operational amplifier µA741followed by the receiver, the micro controller used in this circuit which is the heart of this system  is an low power, high performance AT89C51 CMOS 8-bit microcontroller along with 4Kbytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM) capable of producing accurate timing pulses operates under mono stable condition.

In this circuit NE555 IC is used to achieve High Current Drive Capability, Duty Cycle adjustments with temperature stability of 0.005% per every centigrade. The switching section consists of a relay operated at 12v for this purpose BC547 transistor is used as a driver. From overall considerations it is quite different from ordinary conventional security systems with are operated manually.

These security devices are highly applicable in defense areas, security zones like research laboratories and scientific installations, the only disadvantage is that it operates in the presence of electricity an alternate power supply must be always ready will these security systems while  operating.

Download  Microcontroller Based Home Security System ECE Project Report.

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ECE Minor Project Report on Modern Security System With Message Transmitter

Introduction to Modern Security System With Message Transmitter Project:

“Prevention is better than cure” this notation not only applicable for medical sciences, but also in security aspects. We need to protect our valuables every man had right to ownership for his belongings, keeping this in mind we implemented a new modern security system with message transmitter, this paper discuss detail phenomenon of this security device.

The main objective of this paper is to provide reliable security in major theft prone areas like banks, business complexes, houses, national treasures and museums,  this system uses the infra red sensors also called as optical sensors which had an infra red LED,  emits continuous beam of rays under normal conditions the receiver receives these IR rays from the infra red LED but whenever any obstruction taken place in the path of IR rays, the sensor gets activated and transmits an alarm signal to the authorities including the recorded information revealing the theft location.

 This entire mechanism is controlled by the micro processor, and the transmissions of the IR rays are done by frequency modulation techniques.  

The sensing circuit consists of a condenser MIC, a high sensitive device which can sense even minute sounds and amplifies it to audible sound, the receiver module is kept near the police stations or the concern authorities, it not only prohibits the un authorized entries into important places but it gives the detail list of total entries during the whole day with number of individual entries, the micro controller used in this project is ATMEL 89C51 a high performance, low power device with high sensitivity.

 This kit is operated at rectified 5v dc, so we have to step down the 230v- 50 Hz supply from mains into 12v and then converted into 5v dc using a full wave bridge rectifier, and a voltage regulator to attain proper voltage regulation.  The design and the performance results are listed in the following sections. 

Download  ECE Minor Project Report on Modern Security System With Message Transmitter.