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Parallel Computer Architecture Seminar Topics for Computer Science is a form of computation in which multiple calculations are carried out simultaneously. It is operated on a principle where large problems can often be divided into smaller ones, which are then solved concurrently. The parallel program is a collection of processing elements that are communicated to solve large computational problems by dividing into parallel tasks, exploiting Thread-Level Parallelism (TLP).

Number of transistors is growing rapidly in traditional trends on a chip.  Clock rates are rising slowly. Because of the deeper pipelines, the actual performance is becoming less where as increase in clock rates needs deeper pipelines with longer latencies and higher CPIs. To avoid these problems, multiprocessor systems is one of the viable approaches to improve its performance further.

Today’s microprocessors offer high quality of performance eliminating the use of design of costly custom PEs, parallel computing elements, tools of message processing-programming, etc.

 Now a brief introduction to the application of parallelism that includes computers with high-performance are increasingly in demand in the areas of structural analysis, weather forecasting, aerodynamics simulations, artificial intelligence etc. To achieve high performance using faster and more reliable hardware devices, parallelism is the major development in architecture of a computer and processing techniques. It can be put into practice at the level of algorithm and programs and also at the hardware/software.

The applications of goal of parallel computer processing uses parallel machines, to maximize the speed of performance over single processor, to fix the size of a problem, to balance computations on processors, to minimize cost of communication associated with creation and execution of parallel program, and performance scalability.

Conclusion:

Today, we have to accomplish any task with a limited span of time accurately with in less cost and ultimately it is viewed socially. It is necessary in the aspect of computing. With this conclusion, the bottom line is that Parallelism is the only method to accomplish a target in this new era computing world.

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Android is an operating system for mobile devices like smartphones and tablet computers. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google collaboratively. Based on Linux and Java, it includes an operating system, middleware and key applications.

This Paper CSE Seminar Report ON Android on Android shares the prototypes, history of the Android, building blocks of an android application and the features of the android. Android application supports a wide variety of technologies.

The features of Android include handset layouts, storage, connectivity including Bluetooth, WiFi, GSM/EDGE, and EV-DO, messaging, web browser, Java virtual machine software, media support, hardware support and many more.

Android is a platform of software. The developers are allowed to write managed code in the Java language with the help of android that controls the device via Google-developed Java libraries. Applications can be compiled to ARM native code and run which are written in C and other languages, but this path is not supported by Google officially. This application is an open source.

 Android is a multi-process system in which each application runs in its own process. Android security architecture is that no application has permission to perform any operations that impact other applications, the operating system, or the user. The four building blocks to an Android application are activity, broadcast intent receiver service, and content provider.

Applications which are developed on Google’s Android operating system are Motorola, Huawei Technologies, Lenovo, HTC, Sony Ericsson, Samsung, and GiiNii Movit Mini. A basic Android application has no permissions combined with it.

Conclusion:

Finally it is concluded that the Androids platform is developed by Google. It plays a major part in Mobile applications because it is an open source.  It is also easy to develop mobile applications using Android. All the APIs are available in order to develop these applications. These APIs are as same as java APIs and are easy to understand.

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Btech CSE Seminar Report Palm Vein Technology uses patterns of vescular to identify the personal data. It is developed by Fujitsu. Palm vein recognition technology is secure because the authentication data exists inside a human body and is therefore very hard to forge. It is accurately high.

This palm vein pattern technology is used in many areas for security like ATM, personal computers, banking, hospitals, libraries, government offices, in passport issuing, authentication etc.

In today’s ubiquitous network world, where a person is able to access their information easily any time and anywhere and hence people are facing risk of accessing the same information anytime and anywhere by others easily. To overcome this kind of problems, Fujitsu has developed four types of methods: fingerprints, faces, voice prints and palm veins.

A person’s palm vein image is converted into data points by algorithms, which is then compressed, encrypted, and stored by a software system and registered along with the other details in his profile. This registration is stored as a reference for future comparison then every time when a person attempting to log in to gain access by a palm scans to a particular bank account or secured entryway etc.

Palm vein authentication technology is done with vascular pattern on the back of a hand or a finger. Therefore, the palm vein pattern is the highly complex and covers the large area. It is easier to take a photograph of vascular pattern because the palm is hairless.

 Conclusion:

Palm vein pattern authentication technology is used in a wide range of area in Japan. If introduced in our country, many problems can be solved like protection of password in ATM, security in many fields etc. Implementation of this technology in government offices can make the employees to be punctual and work according to government timings and precisely this technology can bring a drastic revolution in science and technology in the very near future.

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A Packet Sniffer CSE Seminar Download is a network analyzer that plugs to computer networks and eavesdrops on the network connection. It is a wiretap device. Sniffing refers to capture the data and information over the network traffic. A sniffer can catch all packet traffic on network block.

With the help of “sniffing” program, a programmer can listen in on computer conversations. Therefore, computer conversations consist of apparently random binary data and the wiretap programs of the network also has a feature known as “protocol analysis” that allows them to “decode” the network traffic and make sense of it.

It was the first device that enables a programmer to sit at their desks and takes the pulse of the wide range of the network. The original sniffers read the message headers of data packets on the network, giving administrators the details about the addresses of senders and receivers, file sizes and other low-level information about those packets, in addition to verifying transmission.

Today, packet sniffer has two broad varieties: the first is a standalone product into a computer that carries to sites and plugs into the network to gather diagnostic data and the second is part of a larger package network hardware and software to keep tabs on LANs, WANs and Web services.

 Conclusion:

 Packet sniffers monitor and capture packet traffic over the wide network, usually an Ethernet and are placed surreptitiously on drives.

They help networks in keeping humming. It can also be used by hackers to hack user names and passwords from data packets that are traveled across public or private WANs. It is a two-fold process: encryption and compartmentalization. 

Encrypted communications prevent the capture of passwords if a sniffer attack is underway. Also, if a proficient sniffer can see what kind of data and information can actually be extracted from any particular network traffic.

Overview of Parallel Architecture CSE Seminar Topic: Parallel computing is a process of computation in which multiple events are being processed and operating on a principle of splitting a large problem into smaller ones which further is processed concurrently. Concurrent indicates parallelism, simultaneity and pipelining.

Parallel events are occurred in many resources during the same time interval; simultaneous events are occurred at the same real time; and pipelined events are occurred in overlapped span of time. Parallel computing deals with concurrent execution of multiple programs in the computer.

The highest level of parallel processing is held among multiple events or programs during multiprogramming, multiprocessing, and time-sharing. Parallel processing is an execution of multiple tasks to solve a computational problem. Most primary reasons for using parallel technology are to save time, executing larger problems, cost savings, transmission speeds, taking advantage of non-local resources etc.

The computational problem has the ability to break a work into discrete pieces of work that is solved simultaneously, to execute multiple tasks at a time, and processed in less time with multiple resources than single resource.

Conclusion:

In today’s world, commercial applications are making use of parallel computers. A computer running an application is able to execute high amount of data in sophisticated method so we can imply that commercial applications may define future parallel computers design. But scientific applications will still remain the users of parallel processing technology. Nowadays, many parallel programming languages and compilers, are splitting a program into multiple processes and/or threads which to be processed concurrently with parallel architectures. Using shared memory or message passing systems, the operating system needs to form communication between the processes and threads. It should also support the operating system that detects, analyzes and manages the dependencies. In order to serialize the concurrent access to the shared resources, mutual exclusion technique is used.

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OOPS Through Java CSE Seminar: An object-oriented programming language such as Java includes many features that make it very different from any other standard languages. Java was designed to be cross-platform like C to compile binary form. In this PowerPoint, Java is compiled to an intermediate form which is called byte-code. A Java program cannot execute on the host machine. There is a special native program called the Java interpreter that reads the byte code and executes the corresponding native machine instructions. Hence to port Java programs to a new platform, an interpreter is needed to port some library routines.

OOPS programming language provides support for the following object-oriented concepts: Encapsulation, Polymorphism, and Inheritance. Encapsulation is the mechanism that binds the code and data which manipulates and keeps safe from misuse and interference. Polymorphism has the ability to take many forms of an object. Inheritance is that in which one object acquired the properties of another object.

Java has many advantages like it is secured, it is robust in memory management, it deals with multi threading programming and GUI programming, web based (applets), handling runtime errors, and network based applications.

Java editions provide a platform for developing and deploying secure, portable applications that run on server which are J2SE, J2EE, and J2ME. This programming language also provides support for Objects, Classes, Instance, Variable, data types, methods, and constructors.

Conclusion:

OOP is the technique to create programs based on the real world. Object-orientation is a set of tools and methods that allows software engineers to build user friendly, reliable, maintainable, well documented, reusable software computers that fulfills the requirements of its users. It is stated that object-orientation provides software developers with advanced tools to solve a wide variety of problems. Object-orientation provides the latest design of computation. This model programs are organized on objects and data. In OOP language the principal target is to find out the objects to manipulate and their relation between each other.

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CSE Computer Science Engineering Seminar Biometrics: The research paper states and explains various types of Biometric devices and their services. The following have been mentioned in the paper thoroughly.

• Fingerprint identification.
• Face recognition.
• Iris recognition.
• Hand geometry.
• Signature recognition.
• Retinal scanning

The research abstract suggests that the cost effectiveness of biometrics in education is astronomical. Alternative methods of biometrics are being used at a lower cost to both students and educational facilities.  Prices of finger-scan systems have been declining over the years. They are still relatively more expensive than other existing security solutions such as magnetic stripe cards and smart chip cards.

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This research paper Download CSE Seminar Biometrics to Ameliorate Authentication talks about the role of biometrics to ameliorate authentication.

It says that Biometrics is the science of using digital technology to identify individuals based on the individual’s unique physical and biological qualities. Simply, biometrics is the technique of verifying a person’s identity from a physical characteristic (i.e., fingerprint, hand print, face, scent, thermal image, or iris pattern), or personal trait (voice pattern, handwriting, or acoustic signature).

 The research paper extensively explains two main types of Biometrics:

 1.       Physical Biometrics

2.       Behavioral Biometrics

Scope of Biometrics: The research paper suggests that as a number of separate software and hardware vendors are included in the Biometric industry, each with their own interfaces, algorithms and data structures standards have emerged to provide a common software interface, to allow sharing of biometric templates, and to permit effective comparison and evaluation of different biometric technologies.

One of the more interesting uses of biometrics involves combining biometrics with smart cards and public key infrastructure a major recognition system, a fingerprint verification system, and a speaker verification system.

The paper posits problems in the area of biometrics. It says that problem with biometrics is how and where to store the user’s template. Because the template represents the user’s personal characters, its storage introduces privacy concerns. 

Furthermore, storing the template in a centralized database leaves that template subject to attack and compromise. On the other hand, storing the template on a smart card enhances individual privacy and increases protection from attack, because individual users control their own templates.

Conclusion:

The research paper suggests that the advances in accuracy and usability and decreasing cost have made the biometric technology a secure, affordable and cost effective way of identifying individuals. 

Biometric parameters such as fingerprint scanning, iris scanning, retinal scanning, hand geometry, signature verification, voice verification and others are all well established with their own particular characteristics.

The limiting factors of speed and band width are now a thing of the past and their practical performance might in many instances be better than expected. Today, Biometrics is an efficient and effective method of replacing passwords, tokens and smart cards.

The research paper Biometrics In Secure E-Transactions CSE Seminars very clearly explains the indispensable role of biometrics for secure-transactions. The paper says that as technology has advanced there has been a negative side also hackers as spoofers steal/ misuse credit card numbers, even though the network has been made secure.

This paper proposes a multi-biometric model (integrating voice, fingerprint and facial scanning) that can be embedded in a mobile phone this making e-transactions more secure.

The research abstract gives some insight into Multibiometrics. It says that A multi-biometrics system is obtained by the integration of multiple individual biometrics models. Numbers of models integrating hand geometry, keystroke dynamics, face and iris recognition system have flooded the markets in recent years.

Need for Biometrics in mobile phones: The paper explains why should there be security device in a mobile. It explains saying that shopping through the internet has become very popular and surely, a WAP-enabled mobile phone provides the facilities to consumers to shop online.

Credit cards continue to be an effective tool for online money transactions. But, on the other hand, credit card’s number can be stolen on its way to its destination and can be misused by hackers. Thus, e-Business through a mobile phone becomes insecure.

The research paper talks about facial recognition as one effective feature of biometrics. It says that Facial recognition is considered to be one of the most tedious among all scans. Further, difficulty in acquisition of face and cost of equipment make it more complex.

The paper shows that even two persons having an almost similar face with a minute difference can also be differentiated. The research paper also casts light and explains in depth yet another biometric technique- the voice recognition.

Conclusion:

The research paper concludes saying that the mobile multi-biometrics can be embedded in the mobile phone. The phone is cost-effective since no special hardware is required and is highly secure. Thus, this mobile phone, if it becomes a reality, will provide more secure e-Business and E-Transactions.

The research abstract Biometrics Finger Print Authentication Final Year Seminar elucidates Fingerprint authentication as a valuable tool for Biometric identification. The paper investigates correlation-based fingerprint authentication schemes that can be used for mobile devices.

The paper says that the investigated algorithms were implemented with a J2ME Environment on the application layer In order to reduce the resources demanded for the mobile device environment.

The research paper proposes a new hierarchical correlation-based scheme based on the idea that the overall authentication can be decomposed into partial autocorrelations.

Recent trends: The paper claims that only recently, a few products of biometric-enabled mobile devices have been announced available to consumers. However, different manufacturers tend to have their own standards and proprietary technology.

In most current commercial solutions, the biometric function is embedded in the system hardware and is expensive.

The paper suggests that J2ME applications should be designed to consume as little resource as possible. To meet this special requirement, a new hierarchical correlation algorithm for fingerprint authentication on mobile devices is said to be developed.

The paper talks about the implementation issues of J2ME. It says that the heart of Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME) is a compact virtual machine (VM) whose basic functionalities are summarized in configurations.

Currently, there are two configurations available, each is defined for devices with similar computing power and equipment characteristics, namely connected limited device configuration (CLDC) and connected device configuration (CDC).

Conclusion:

The research elucidates various mathematical derivations to express the functionality in a better way. The research paper concludes saying that the hierarchical scheme has clear advantages over the full correlation method.

The paper suggests that there is often a tradeoff between execution speed and memory consumption, the proposed hierarchical method is slower than partial correlation algorithms. It is able to achieve reasonable authentication performance when plastic distortion presents in test fingerprints.