Cloud computing is a set of resources that are offered to the users through the network. Here the term cloud represents internet or network. Cloud computing is one of the most popular technology in recent trends. The users can use any application or software which is available in cloud without the need of installing, thereby reducing the cost and storage space.
Cloud computing involves a centralized server which is going to store all the needed resources, and any number of clients can access the cloud to fetch the needed resource, and some software’s are available for pay-per-use basis. But this approach requires huge amount of energy, and this increases the “carbon footprint” of users and involves high computational cost. This is affecting our eco-system by increasing the amount of greenhouse gases which is measured in units of carbon dioxide (CO2). These greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and fluorocarbons are mainly responsible for increasing the earth’s temperature. So we need an eco-friendly green computing or carbon free computing Technology.
Cloud computing aims to design the next generation data centers by structuring them as networks of virtual services which includes – hardware, application logic, database, user-interface., so that users from different parts of the world can access and deploy applications on demand at reasonable costs depending on their QOS requirements.
Green computing is also termed as eco-friendly Green computing because it reduces hazardous materials like CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons), and promotes the use of recyclable materials and sustainable resources, and minimizes the use of non-biodegradable materials.
Green computing also saves energy and reduces computational cost. This is achieved by using a green scheduling algorithm, which powers down the servers when they are not in use.
The first results of green computing were standby mode function of computer monitors. After a pre-set period of time passes, if user activity is not found, then consumer’s electronic equipment would switch to a sleep mode function.
Some of the measures for reducing energy consumption in order to support greener computing are:
- Lower power hardware
Computers can be installed with lower power processor to use less electricity and passive cooling technique rather than energy consuming fans.
- Virtualization
Computer software’s can be used to simulate hardware. Instead of using many stand-alone physical servers, a virtual server can be used in replacement, which runs as software. Virtual servers are configured to appear as physical machines on their network.
- Cloud computing
In cloud computing, software applications, data and artificial intelligence are accessed over the internet. Anyone can obtain the benefits of virtualization with the help of cloud computing. Companies can reduce carbon footprint by adopting cloud computing technology.
- Energy efficient coding
Energy efficient coding is an alternative approach to power saving. The main idea behind this is to save power by coding the software to make less use of the hardware, rather than running the same code on hardware that uses less power.
- Improved repair, re-use, recycling and disposal
Proper disposal of old computer equipment and hardware repair, the recycling of computer hardware, re-use of PCs components is an effective way to green computing.
- Less pollutant manufacture
Many hazardous chemicals are being used in manufacturing computers these include- lead, mercury, cadmium, beryllium, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The manufacturer should reduce the use of such harmful chemical substances thereby preventing people from being exposed to them.
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