Category: MBA Dissertations

MBA Dissertation Topic list provided here consists of project reports for ms mba students. Students can use these projects as reference for dissertation projects.

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Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction against Distribution Strategies

Performance and job satisfaction of the employees with respect to their understanding levels and involvement across the distribution strategies is the key objective of this research and when the area managers are interviewed with respect to this, the key findings are given in this section. When the area manages are asked the question like, do you involve your employee in the strategy development process, one of the area managers replied like “At most of the cases, opinion of the employees regarding the business value of a particular area is considered when developing a strategy”.

From this reply it is clear that, employees are purely involved in the strategy development process and even the key information to develop a particular distribution strategy like, the area information and the corresponding business value are estimated based on the employees opinion. If this is the case, the level of job satisfaction of the employees would be more, as they tend to involve in the strategy development process and also they feel that, their opinions are given respect towards developing a particular distribution strategy.

When the same question is asked to one of the other area managers, he replied like “They are partially involves as they does show ample interest in decision making process” and from this statement it is like few employees keep themselves away from the management issues and tries to be in the comfort zone of their designated tasks and never come forwards to share their views and opinions due to lot of reasons like inferiority complex issues and some past experiences, where their opinion is not considered by the managers.

When the area managers are asked the question like, how to measure the level of understanding of the employees towards the strategies, one of the area managers replied like “We will take regular feedback and opinion of the employees towards the strategies implemented”. From this statement it is clear that, the level of employees understanding towards the strategies being implemented is gathered in the form of feedback and if the employees can come up with lot of issues and queries regarding the strategies, the managers can asses that the employees are on track with the strategies being implemented.

When the same question is asked, one of the area managers replied like “We will observe their performance and job satisfaction with respect to the targets met by them” and from this statement it is clear that the performance of the employees is directly related to their targets developed at the strategy implementation level and even if the employees can understand the distribution strategies, they can meet the perfect targets without any lags in the distribution aspects. Thus from this overall findings it is clear that, the employee involvement and the level of understanding purely depends on the strategies being developed across the distribution unit and if the employees can understand the strategies with respect to the targets and feasibility in the targets, the performance and job satisfaction of the employees can be improved.

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Strategy Development and Implementation Process Followed Across Distribution Unit

Research findings from interview with Area managers

Area managers are interviewed to gather the required information related to the strategies implemented across the sales and distribution level and the level of employee awareness towards the strategies implemented across the unit and the corresponding findings in the opinion of the area managers interviewed are as given below

Strategy development and implementation process followed across distribution unit

The actual process followed to develop and implement a strategy is really important to decide the fate of the strategy being implemented across the organization and in this section, the opinion of the area managers are gathered with respect to the their process followed to develop and implement a typical distribution strategy across the area being distributed. When the question like, what are the recent distribution strategies implemented across your area to the area managers, most of them responded like “Our new strategy is create new retail business locations across the area and also increases the sales target” and from this statement it is clear, that always a new strategy is developed and implemented across the areas of the respective area managers and these strategies mainly focus on the sales targets and also raise the curtains for more business.

Area managers are responsible to develop the required distribution strategies as per the current marketing conditions and when they were asked like, do you set targets to your employees with respect to sales, and one of the area managers replied that “We have predefined monthly and quarterly targets across our area and we will fix with them” and from this statement it is clear that, the targets and the related strategies are done on a long term based and even the employees are given ample freedom to meet their targets with respect to the strategies being developed across the distribution areas.

When the same question is asked, one of the area managers replied like “Targets are set based on the employee performance and capability, but most of our strategies focus on the distribution and sales targets itself” and from this statement it is clear that, most of the distribution and sales strategies developed and implemented across the distribution unit are focused on the targets itself and even the employees are aware of their personal and unit targets and thus the role of area manager can be considered as the key aspect in terms of communicating the corresponding strategies to the employees.

Regarding the communication mechanism implemented by the area managers to communicate the strategies to the employee, when the question like how do you communicate the strategies to the employee, one of the area managers replied like “We will have regular review meetings in terms of targets and the recent distribution strategies and in general these targets and strategies are fixed for a long time” and from this statement it is clear that, the strategies are communicated to the employees at the beginning of a month or a quarter in the form of review meetings and in general across the distribution process, there is less scope to change the strategies. Review meeting and team meetings are commonly used to communicate the strategies to the employees and when the same question is asked to one of the area managers, the reply is like “Employees are communicated daily through emails regarding the targets and issues are accepted with respect to the employees”.

From this statement it is clear that, email communication is used to get the regular updates and also the issues of the employees with respect to the targets are encouraged through email communication. Even the targets are fixed for a month or quarter, it is always a good practice to get the regular updates and feedback in the form of issues from the employees and even there is ample scope to review the issues with the strategies being implemented. 

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Employee Job Satisfaction and Performance In Relation to the Production Strategies

As the main aim of this research is to understand the impact of communicating the organizational strategies to the employees on their job satisfaction, few questions are asked to the operational manager with respect to this and their response is given in this section. When the operational managers are asked the questions like, do you believe the job satisfaction of the employees depends on the level of understanding towards the operational strategies, one of the operational managers responded like “job satisfaction of the employees depends on the successful implementation of the strategies” and from this statement it is clear that, even the strategies are developed across the production unit, the level of understanding of the employees is the key factor in making the strategy successful and also to improve the job satisfaction of the employees.

When the same question is asked to one of the operational manager, he replied like “Understanding the production strategies is really important in the employee context and if they can follow them exactly, ultimate job satisfaction is achieved” and from this statement it is clear that, employees should understand the production strategies and once they can understand the strategies, job targets and the level of feasibility provided by the management  are analyzed by the employees and thus they can set their own targets towards the production and thus their job satisfaction is improved as they will be aware of all the activities done by the management and also feel the ownership and responsibility towards the strategies being implemented.

When the operational managers are asked about the question like, how do your employees react towards the frequent changes in the marketing strategies, one of the managers reacted like “There are some chances, where the employee performance is degraded with the frequent changes in the strategies and policies” and from this statement it is clear that, most of the employees are really confused with the frequently changing strategies and required a clear about the strategy that is being changes and at the same time it should be communicated well to the employees and make sure they are not confused and also does not affect their job satisfaction or performance levels.

One of the other operational manager when asked the same questions, he responded like “I will communicate well about the changes in the strategies and I observe employees discussing why these changes are implemented” and from this statement it is clear that, most of the employees show their interest towards the changes in the strategies and want more clarity and communication before the changes are affected.

From this overall observation it is clear that, employee performance and job satisfaction is directly related to their understanding levels on the strategies implemented across the production unit and also it is the key responsibility of the operational managers to communicate the recent strategies and the corresponding changes to the existing strategies with the employees in a perfect manner such that their performance and job satisfaction is at the required levels and they are not affected with the issues like lack of communication and frequent changes in the strategies.

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Level of Involvement of the Employees towards the Production Strategies

Involvement of the employees towards the organizational strategies is really important to decide the fate of the strategies being developed and implemented across different units of the organization. Employee involvement against the production strategies initiated by the operational manager is analyzed in this section. When the question like, the level of involvement of the employees across the production strategies, one of the operational managers replied like “I occasionally involve the employees in the strategy development process” and from this statement it is clear that in most of the cases employees are not involved in the strategy development process and they are just fixed to be communicated with the strategies developed or changed by the management. There could be many reasons behind this like; the regular work done by the employees towards the targets should be affected by involving them in the strategy development process.

When the same question is asked to one of the operational manager, he replied that “We don’t involve the employees when developing a new strategy, but take their opinion when doing some changes to the existing strategy”. From this statement it is clear that, involvement of the employees is really important when there is a proposal to change the strategy implementation process, as they are the ultimate resources to make implement the proposed strategy in to implementation and also  The opinions of the employees is are really required while changing any existing production strategy, as their performance should be affected with the changed strategy.

Now when the operational managers are asked the a question like, do your employees understand the strategies implemented across the production unit, most of them responded like “Our employees can understand the strategies developed across the production unit, but we expect more queries and suggestions against these strategies”. From this statement it is clear that, even if the management strives a lot to involve the employees in understanding the strategies of the production unit, there is only partial involvement of the employees. and There could be many reasons behind this, and the most common among them as per the opinion of one of the operations manager is that “Maybe the employees are really busy with the targets rather than the strategies ”.  

From this statement it is clear that  the employees are fixed to the routine, target based work and may skip the importance of the strategies across the organization.  and It is the responsibility of the operational manger to make sure the employees are on same track with respect to understanding the production strategies. 

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Strategy Implementation Process Followed By the Operational Managers

Research Findings

Once the required primary information is gathered from the key respondents as mentioned in the research methodology chapter, the opinions of the respondents are analyzed and framed as the research findings in this chapter. Opinion and views of the respondents like Operational manger, area manager, general manger and the front line employees are gathered and the key findings from the interview process are formulized formulated in to different topics and their answers towards the questions posed are divided in to different sub topics and presented as the research findings in this chapter and the actual findings from the interview process are as given below.

Research findings from the interview with Operational managers

Operational managers are interviewed across in this research to gather the required information with respect to the strategies implemented across the production unit and the level of employee involvement across within these strategies. The opinions of the operational mangers are taken with respect to the performance and job satisfaction of the employees against in relation to  the strategies implemented within the production unit and the actual findings from the interview with the operational mangers is are as given below.

Strategy implementation process followed by the operational managers

Setting the strategy and implementing the strategy across the production unit is mainly done by the operational managers and during the interview process, when the operational managers are asked regarding the strategies being implemented across the production unit of their company, most of them responded like “We are implementing new production strategy, where the targets are increased to the employees and even the production process is streamlined to make sure more units are produced per month” . From this statement it is clear that there is always a scope to introduce the new strategies and make changes to the existing strategies across the production unit by the operational managers in terms of production process and the number of units to be produced. Even there are strategies developed in term of employee targets and thus taking these strategies directly towards the employees is the key issues to be focused now

When the operational managers were asked the questions like how do you communicate the strategies to your employees, most of them responded like “We will arrange a meeting whenever there is a new strategy implemented with the employees” and from this statement it is clear, that the typical communication process followed across the production unit is a simple review or team meeting with the employees and this can be considered as the best way to communicate the strategies implemented or changes across the production unit, as there is lot scope to discuss the strategies and the corresponding issues directly with the employee.

Even the issues from the employee’s side can be solved at the meeting level itself and when the same question is asked for one of the operational managers, he responded like “We used to escalate the mails previously, but got only few responses to the mails and thus shifted to review meetings these days”.From this statement it is clear that, rather than a traditional email communication, review meeting can be considered as the best platform to communicate the strategies in an effective manner to the employees and if a simple email is escalated, there is only partial response and queries from the employees side and thus it is clear that strategies are not taken in an effective manner to the employees when compared to the review meetings and team meetings.

From these observations it is clear, that the best way to communicate the strategies implemented across the production unit are the team meetings and the operational managers are successful in implementing the strategies with respect to the level of cooperation from the employees (When you analyse the answers, you need to refer to the findings in the lit review.  How do your findings relate to the concepts and theories presented in the lit review?).

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MBA research project on AMT Coffee Ltd Company

Research sample size (If you interview and give questionnaires to 45 respondents, are these all the employee of the branch where you are working? If that’s the case, you can say you used a census of the entire population of employees in that particular branch.):

The actual number of employees or participants interviewed for collecting their opinions in order to obtain the primary source of data is called as the research sample size. Based on the research problem considered and also due to the issues raised due to time and money the research sample size will varying from one project top the other project. Generally sample size of a project can be decided using several sampling techniques, the systematic sampling, clustered sampling, random sampling and probability sampling are the commonly used sampling techniques (You need to rewrite this sub-chapter after you read about sampling. You need to understand the difference between probability and non- probability samples and decide what sample techniques are you using. 

For probability sampling you need to have at least 30 respondents. ) . The strategy for each and every sampling technique is different in deciding the sample size, the sample size in this research project is decided by using the random sampling approach. The subset of the participants in the semi structured interview is selected with a probability of non-zero and this done in the random sampling technique. In this particular research project the sample size considered is 45 participants.

Various levels of employees in the AMT COFFEE LTD Company that is clearly speaking operational manager, two area managers and three general managers are interviewed in order to gather important information from the management perspective. Three assistant managers and two supervisors from different departments are also included in the sample size.  Even the questioners are given to the front line employees irrespective to their designation, age, gender and experiences and these front line employees includes the cash handler, customer care representatives, stockers and cleaners.

The semi structured interviews conducted for the sample size are done based on the questioner  prepared for gathering the opinions of the employees which are very much necessary for obtaining the required information related to the research project that re-write, what do you mean, In an organization the implementation of the strategy and its success is varied from one level to the other. A strategy in an organization is useful in the medium level and top level but in the bottom level (Rewrite, what do you mean? Understanding strategy is not useful in the bottom level? I thought you were trying to prove otherwise. ) . The importance of the strategy will be reduced if it reaches to the bottom level of the organization.

Summary:

This chapter focuses on the actual research methodology used in the research project is described clearly. It is stated that the qualitative research methodology and quantitative research methodology are the two research methodologies that are generally used in the research projects and the qualitative research methodology is used across this research project in order evaluate the research problem considered. The research design is used in this project for understanding the reasons in an organization the implementation of the strategy and its success is varied from one level to the other.

A strategy in an organization is useful in the medium level and top level but in the bottom level. The importance of the strategy will be reduced if it reaches to the bottom level of the organization. Research designs are of two types of descriptive research design and other one is the correlation based research design .  The design used in this project is the case study approach and this approach is used to gather the related information required for the research project. In this project AMT COFFEE LTDis considered as the case study and the employees of this company are interviewed using a questioner prepared.

These semi structured interviews are conducted among the various levels of employees in a limited sample size considered; the sample size considered in this project is a total of 50 members . The primary source of data is collected from the semi structured interviews and the secondary source of data is collected from various theoretical sources and these are information gathered are analysed and compared in the further chapters to determine the accuracy of the collected information.

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Data collection methods: Primary source of data & Secondary source of data of MBA Project

Data collection methods:

In order to complete the research of the project successfully, certain information related to the problem considered in the project is very much necessary and that important data is collected is used for further analysis. Primary source of data and secondary source of data are the two ways for collecting the necessary data for the project. The detail explanation of the primary source of data and secondary source of data is given below:

Primary source of data:

In this project, semi structured interviews are conducted for  with various participants for collecting the primary source of data. Questioners an interview protocol is are prepared by the researchers in order to conduct the semi structured interviews. The (Eleven managers have been interviewed, namely  the operational manager, two area managers, three general managers, three assistant managers and two supervisors from different departments.  – this is what you say in 3.5 you need to be consistent!!!  Also please revise and correct the total no of respondents #: is it 45 as under 3.5 or is it 50 as in 3.6?)  research problem considered and the relevant solution for that problem can be obtained from the primary source of data.

The human resources who are the direct respondents of the research process are generally interviewed for collecting the primary data. The primary source of data collected from the respondents will be more accurate because of the reason that the opinions of the direct participants are gathered directly and then that information is evaluated for consistency (The accuracy of collected date is ensured through a process of trangulation involving the use of ‘multiple sources of evidence’ (Yin, 2003), namely semi-structured intervies and questionnaires.). The research problem can may be clearly understood and the a solution for that problem can be obtained from the detailed analysis of the primary data and this primary data is also used comparisons with data the basic knowledge obtained from the other sources, mainly and the information obtained by primary secondary sources of data.

Various employees of the AMT COFFEE LTD are involved in the semi structured interviews for collecting their opinions in various perspectives and few questioners are prepared for conducting the interviews which can cover are the doubts that are needed for doing the research of the project. The primary part of the research can be completed successfully using this primary information. The opinions of the participants can be similar for some questions and sometimes they may vary with their opinions for the same question. The preparation of the questionnaires should be done in such a manner that they don’t make the participants of the interview bored.

Few ethics and policies should be followed while preparing the questioners (The construction of the questionnaires needs to follow some ethical principles such as  being clearly understood and not not huring the personal feelings of the participants) . The questioners must be prepared by covering all the questions which can fetch all the important information from the participants. The questions in the queisstioner should not hurt the personal feelings of the participants and even the questions must not be problematic to answer. Depending on the opinions of the participants of the research problem can be clearly understood and even new questions can be raised by the researcher for a better research on the project.

Particularly in this project the main aim of the project is to understand explain the importance of understanding of the employees’ understanding  of with the organizational strategies implemented in the company and  how this understanding relates to also the improvement in the job satisfaction of the employee and productivity of within the organization. The opinions of the management and the employees are gathered from the interviews and that information is  analyzed and evaluated for further process of the research.

Secondary source of data:

The core information data collected of the project can be  better understood by the in relation to secondary sources of data. Various sources like  the internet and intranet websites of the AMT COFFEE LTD as well as  journals, published articles, informal discussions and websites are studied in order to collect the secondary sources of data and these sources are also called as the secondary sources. The information collected from the primary source of data and the secondary source of data are compared with each other in order to determine consistency of the information and also allow the researcher to draw useful conclustions and make pertinent recommendations. to obtain some observations and recommendations for the research problem considered.

The secondary source of data for this particular from the internet and intranet websites of the AMT COFFEE LTD and thus obtained information is used for the comparison with the primary source of data that is obtained from the above process. Different article, journals and weekly updates sent by the management to the employees is used as Such  secondary data sources of information and such a sample is are given in the appendix section.

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Research Design And Case Study of MBA Research Project

Research design:

The research of this project is done by the implementation of a design process and that design process is called as Research design ( Research design is “the general plan of how …to go about answering …a research question.  It will contain clear objectives, derived from …the research questions, specify the sources from which …. data are collected, and consider the constraints that … the researcher will inevitably have (e.g. access to data, time, location and money) as well as discussing ethical issues.” Saunders et al, 2009, p137. The dots … are replacing text that is not relavant. Please re-write the Research design part. You may want to describes different  approaches to research design such as exploratory studies, descriptive or explanatory studies and then describe your own research in relation to these 3 design strategies. You may decide that your research is explanatory since the aim is to collect qualitative data to explain the reasons why employees need to understand strategy and also to gain insight  how this understanding contributes to improved company performance.).

Based on the aim and purpose of the research the type of research design is decided as there are many types of research designs. The most commonly used research designs are of two types one is the correlation based research design and the other one is the descriptive research design. The correlation based research design is very accurate in case of the studies related to the case control and also in case of the studies related to the observation based because this design deals with the assumptions and predictions. Whereas the descriptive research design is based on the descriptions and observations and the process of research is implemented using these observations. In this project we use the case study approach which is a research design based on the descriptive research design and this approach is explained clearly as follows:

Case study:

A specific form of research design particular in descriptive and/or explanatory design approach to research is the case study approach. The research problem considered in the research project is analysed and evaluated deeply using the case study approach (You mean: the case study strategy allows the researcher to build a rich understanding of the context of the organization. Especially useful is the ability to find answers to the question ‘why’. A variety of data collection techniques may be used in combination. These may include interviews, observation, documentary analysis and questionnaires..  in using a variety of data collection techniques the researcher is able to triangulate the data.  For example,  data collected via semi-structured interviews can be triangulated by other techniques such as a questionnaire.  Triangulations is important as it helps the researcher prove validity of the research carried out.

Within this research based on a case study of   AMT Coffee Ltd , the researcher is using semi-structured interviews as well as questionnaires to explore employees’ understanding of company strategy as well as the way this understanding is reflected in company performance.  – Why can’t you write like this – it is pretty simple!!) . Using the case study approach the difficulty in the problem is simplified and divided into various sub tasks and then clarified. Using the research finding collected directly from the case study approach are used to evaluate and compare the information collected using the scientific models and theoretical models.

When a research problem is considered by the researcher and then the case study approach is used to focus on the problem considered and various perspectives of the problem are analysed in this approach for finding the solution of the problem. According to the interest of the researcher the research problem can be analysed and compared that with the theoretical information obtained. By observing the researches that are already done it is evident that using the case study approach gives accurate data which is more relevant to the research project when compared to information collected from the quantitative research method and even from the statistical analysis approach. The data collected from the case study approach is mostly based on the opinions of the respondents but not based on the statistical analysis.

This particular research project is done with the aim that to understand the     significance of the communication of a strategy to the employees and implementation of strategy in an organization is related in many research studies is dependent on the experiences that are taken from the real time case studies. Many researchers have used the developing, communicating and implementing approaches of a strategy from many organizations both successful and failure ones and established the case study considered in this project is AMT COFFEE LTD and the semi structured interviews are conducted among the various employees of this company in order to collect the primary data that is needed to proceed with the project research.

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Quantitative Research Methodology of MBA Project

Quantitative research method:

The quantitative analysis of the research problem considered is done using the quantitative research methodology. This kind of research methods will explore the statistical and numerical analysis of the research problem that is regarded. The evaluation of the results gathered from this research method is done statistically and numerically done. This research methodology also includes the empirical evaluation of the quantitative properties and the study of the relationship of various attributes that are important is done clearly.

The quantitative research methodology is used for the science projects that means researches related to science subjects where the numerical and empirical evaluations are required. This quantitative research methodology is also used for the creation and exploration of few of the theories, models and hypotheses. All this indicates that statistics is very important for using the quantitative research methodology in a research project and this method also involves few methods of measurements of statistics and these measurements are divergent in behavior.

In this particular project the research (You are now talking about your qualitative research but under the heading Quantitative research.  You need to start  with quantitative, continue with the qualitative heading and then talk about your own research.)  approach used is the qualitative research. methodology and this method is used in order to evaluate and analyze the research problem considered in this project. To make the research of the project more perfect some information is required and that required primary information is gathered from the qualitative research methods (Using data collection methods suitable for a qualitative approach.) . This information is collected from the sources that are directly interacted into the process but not from sources that are not direct and even the information is collected from the channels that are intermediate.

The primary source of data collected can be used for analyzing the research problem in detail and also to explore the internal issues that are hidden in the problem considered in the research and for this the opinions of the respondents who directly involved in the research project are escalated using this research methodology. In this project the main concentration emphasis is given to evaluating the importance of employee understanding of the strategies implemented in the organizations and also to know how the organization performance. At the same time and the employee (An understanding is gained about employee job satisfaction and how it can be improved through better communication from managers.)  job satisfaction is improved with proper communication of organizational strategies and the.

Semi structured are used in this project for interviewing the various respondents of the research in the organization taken as case study and that information obtained from the opinions of the employees is used for the successful completion of the project. The (The particular cata collection method used in this study is a semi-structured interview.)  case study used in this project is AMT COFFEE LTD and information is obtained from various levels of employees of this company (The research project is carried out in AMT COFFEE LTD where the research has worked for —- months/years).

The information gathered is very accurate as it is taken from the direct respondents of the research problem that is considered in the research project. (Care was taken to gather the information with accuracy. In order to ensure validity, the author recorded the interviews, transcribed them and asked the respondents to check their answers.- you promised to do so when we last talked!!!) The case study approach used is clearly explained in the research design section and the number of respondents is represented specified in the research sample size section. Questioners are prepared in order to interview the employees for escalating the information required.

These (An interview protocol was prepared and the questions were piloted with one respondent in order to check whether they were clear.  Some corrections were made and then interviews were carried out)  questioners will be helpful in analyzing the opinions of the employees individually and the information gathered from the employees is investigated further used for the research problem using the qualitative research methodology. This can provide many qualitative methods and it is proved that these qualitative methods will provide good benefits and depending on these benefits a qualitative research methodology based on the case study approach is used in this project.

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Complete Review to the Organizational Strategies and the Corresponding Employee Performance

Summary 

Complete review to the organizational strategies and the corresponding employee performance and job satisfaction towards the organizational strategies is done across the Literature review with reference to the opinion of various authors. There are few gaps in the literature towards the level of communication to be implemented to make sure the employees understand the organizational strategies and the actual research done to close these gaps are as given in the coming chapters. 

Research Methodology

Introduction:

                         The research methodology that is implemented in this project is explained in this chapter. This chapter concentrates on the clear representation of the considered research problem and also focuses on the required data for the project and the implemented data collection techniques particular in this project. The representation of the research methodology used, the data collection techniques like primary source of data and secondary source of data, research design used that is the case study approach and the sample size considered to conduct the semi structured interviews is done clearly in this chapter.

Methodology Implemented:

In order to complete the research project, the problem considered in the project must be clearly understood and the requirements of the projects must also be clearly known and this can be done by the implementation of the research methodology. The research methodology used in this project for the clear understanding of the research problem is explained in this section. There are two types of research methodologies and they are the qualitative research methodology and quantitative research methodology . These research methodologies are used to collect the data that is required for solving the research problem considered and for the other process of the research . The following section will clearly explains the qualitative and quantitative research methodologies.

Qualitative research method:

The behaviors of the individuals involved in the actual research project are targeted in the qualitative research methodologies. The procedure of the qualitative research methodology is carried out by analyzing the opinions gathered from the respondents involved in the project. The information obtained from those respondents is also reviewed in this process. The qualitative research methodology is also used to review and record the opinions of the respondents from various groups and sub groups. In general the behavioural and the social sciences are the basis for the origination of these qualitative research methods and these methods are applied in some of the case in analytical studies. Qualitative research methodology is very much important for the completion of the research project because this process is involved with basic issues like understanding the research problem, interviewing the respondents and gathering the required information and in exploring the other issues in the project.

you need to summarize the main findings in the lit review and then identify a gap in research that your paper addresses.  You may want to write something like: although much is known about job satisfaction and its relationships; with  business performance, not a lot is known about such relationship at AMT Coffee. This research aims top address this gap.

You mean- there are two main approaches to research:  quantitative and qualitative.

You mean to say: according to the chosen research approach, certain data collection techniques  can be used.   For example questionnaires are the preferred data collection  technique used in qualitative research, whereas interviews are commonly used in qualitative research.