Introduction to Computer Seminar Topic on Super Computer:
A super computer has high processing speed and Heavy storage capacity which is measured in petaplofs. They were introduced in 1960’s and were used in CDC control Data Corporation by Seymour Cray. They were after designed by IBM and Hewlett-Packard. Tianhe-1A is the fastest super computer in the world which is located at china.
Hardware design:
The hardware design consists of lacks of processor and RAM’s for high speed data processing. They are large in size at size 5-story building. The high speed processing is achieved by parallel processing. The key element is highly parallel systems.
Supercomputer challenges, technologies
- The major fact is super computers lots of power that is in megawatts. And for cooling purpose that much amount of power is used. The cost of power consumption is 3.5 million $.
- The latency of super computer between its parts is 10 Nano second’s .It cannot move faster than light. The modern supercomputer built with several cup’s running parallel with latencies of 1-5 micro seconds.
- They consume massive amount of data in a very short time.
Processing Techniques:
Vector processing techniques were used in the beginning of super computers.
But they went down by DSP and SIMD Simple instructions and multiple data.
For video processing and graphics Teraflops video card were used.
The technology for GPU’s is GPGPU’S
Operating System:
The operating system in super computers is LINUX variants.
Programming:
The programming is done based on c and c++ language. The effort requires is lot optimizing the performance of cups because of wasting time on unwanted nodes. The GPGPUS used have hundreds of processing cores programmed based on CUDA and Open Gl.
Examples of special-purpose supercomputers:
Belle, Deep Blue, and Hydra, for playing chess
Reconfigurable computing machines or parts of machines
GRAPE, for astrophysics and molecular dynamics
Deep Crack, for breaking the DEScipher
MDGRAPE-3, for protein structure computation
D. E. Shaw ResearchAnton, for simulating molecular dynamics
QPACE, for simulations of the strong interaction (Lattice QCD)
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