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Introduction To The Final Year Mechanical Project:

              The potential of cryogenic energy storage for automotive propulsion serves as an alternative for the usage of electrochemical batteries. This project “Quasi isothermal expansion for cryogenic automotive propulsion” is used in zero emission vehicles. It’s also assumed that using inert cryogen like liquid nitrogen as an energy storage material would limit the environmental damage.

Working:

            In this project Quasi isothermal expansion for cryogenic automotive propulsion, the cryogenic fuel is stored in a vacuum jacketed container and has proper relief valves to accommodate safe boil off. A cryo-pump is employed to pressurize the fluid to a level above the injection pressure of expander. The shaft power from this expander is applied for vehicle propulsion.

      To maintain the expander walls at ambient temperature, a warmant fluid is circulated. This warmant must be pumped through the heat exchanger system for efficient conduction of ambient heat into engine. A quasi isothermal reciprocating expander is designed and the output is transmitted to the wheels by transmission.

Conclusion:

       The potential for making use of the available energy of liquid nitrogen for the purpose of automotive propulsion is very high. The heat transfer calculation of this quasi isothermal engine has a heart core which is embedded within the expansion chamber and nearly 85% of performance of ideal isothermal power cycle is obtained. Since this cryogenic fluid is non-polluting, it avoids heavy metal pollution linked with lead-acid batteries.

             Furthermore, in this project the complete thermodynamic simulation of a reciprocating expander is studied. It has been developed to study the various engine designs and operational parameters of liquid Nitrogen consumption of this ambient powered automobile. Thus in steps, a reciprocating engine model along with piston cylinder heat transfer and piston ring friction mechanism is explained in detail.

Download Quasi-Isothermal Expansion Engine for Cryogenic Automotive Propulsion Mechanical Project Report.

Introduction:

       Water is the working medium in a thermal power plant. The requisites for high pressure steam are strong and bulky components. Thus in place of steel, expensive alloys made from nickel or cobalt are used. In the present Mechanical Project Gas Turbine Blades Rotor Blade Using Nickel Based Super Alloy an attempt has been made to understand the turbine blade mechanism through the finite element modeling aiming to determine stresses and approximate the blade fatigue life.

       When the power plant is in a continuous mode of operation, the turbine blades can be affected by high fatigue failures which are essentially because of resonance which occurs at blade critical speed dry startup and shut down condition. The material of the blade used here is Nickel based super alloy and by continuous operation of this blade, the power capacity of the plant increases.

Description:

       In this project, the rotor blade is analyzed to determine mechanical stresses and forces i.e. tangential, axial, are determined by constructing velocity triangles at the entry and exit points of the blade. The blades in the turbine which is moving are for conservation of the kinetic energy of the gas/steam into mechanical work. This is transmitted to the shaft on which blades are mounted.

        The blades are attached are drum/disc of turbine short blades and possesses minute centrifugal forces and are usually made with T-shaped tangs attached to the discs. If there is same width between the blade and tangs then proper blade passage is obtained.

Conclusion:

       Thus by successful implementation of this project, the structural, life estimation and modal analysis is executed. At the root of the turbine blade, maximum stress and strain is observed. Hence it is conclude that by the analysis blade used is safe.

Download Gas Turbine Blades Rotor Blade Using Nickel Based Super Alloy Mechanical Project Report.

Introduction to CENTER JACK FOR CARS:

              Pneumatics is a branch of technology that deals with the study and application of pressurized gas in affecting mechanical motion. In this project “Mechanical Project Report on Center Jack for Cars” is designed to make a pneumatic jack that can lift a complete car or an automobile when placed at the car’s bottom. These systems are mainly used in industries, factories and are generally plumbed with compressed air.

            The preference for pneumatic systems is because a centrally and electrically powered compressor is used to power cylinders through solenoid valves and provides motion in a cheaper and flexible mode. The best point of the project is that it can drive a complete system with the aid of compressed air without any part of the automobile touching the ground.

Description:

       In this project report on center jack for cars, a compressor is used. This compressor consists of a pump which compresses air, increasing the pressure and gives it to the pneumatic system. The check valve allows the pressurized air to get inside the pneumatic system and also prevents backflow, once it is stopped.

              The compressed air is stored in the accumulator and prevents pressure surges and restarts the duty cycle. To control the pressurized air from source, a directional valve is used for control. An actuator is used in the project to transform the energy of compressed air into mechanical motion. The alternate tools are rotary actuators and air tools.  

Conclusion:

      The advantage of using a pneumatic system is that the machines are designed by employing standard cylinders and the control is also a simple ON/OFF button. These systems have a longer shelf life and little maintenance. Unlike electrical power, compressed gas can be stored. It is also a safe system and fire accidents are very rare thus it is preferred.

Download Mechanical Engineering Student Project Report on Center Jack for Cars.

Introduction to BIODIESEL IN DIESEL ENGINES:

Bio diesel is a vegetable oil that is a clean burning diesel fuel and is obtained from soya bean and other vegetative oils. It is typically processed by the chemical reaction of lipids with alcohol and this process is called as esterification. The Mechanical Engineering Project “ Bio diesel in Diesel Engines Latest Mechanical Project” has been presented because it is a good replacement for conventional fuels and is equipped with environmental benefits.

Bio diesel is mainly used in diesel engines as they improve the engine’s combustion performance and better engine lubrication along with reduction in air and water pollution. The most critical aspects of bio diesel use and their consequence are studied and presented. Also techniques for the optimum bio diesel are suggested. Engine conversions are not requires unless the engine has old fault lines.

Description:

Additives are made in large quantities and mixed with engine fuels to increase the performance of the engine. These additives serve as catalyst because the help in combustion and control the fuel quality during distribution. It has been experimentally found that the thermal efficiency for bio diesel and its blends are higher than the mineral diesel. These additives are Multi-DM-32 additives with methyl ester.

The resistance of the engine and the resulting overcoming of the durability test are the two major issues that have to be taken into consideration in the spectrum of power consumption and production of bio diesel in connection with assuring and guaranteeing the appropriate use of methyl ester. This project gives suggested solutions too.

Biodiesel in Diesel Engines Conclusion:

As an alternate for fossil fuels, Bio diesel is the best solution. It should be the serving mechanism for reducing and maintaining the price of automobile fuel. India has vast amounts of resources for producing Bio diesel; research is being carried out to convert the vegetable oils in to bio diesel. Bio diesel can especially provide a boost to the rural economy.

Download Biodiesel in Diesel Engines Latest Mechanical Engineering Project Report with full Documentation.

The piezoelectric effect was discovered way back in 1880 by Pierre and Paul-Jacques Curie. They found out that when certain types of crystals say for example quartz or tourmaline were compressed in the direction of a certain axis, it produced a corresponding voltage at the surface of the crystal. This is what is termed as the piezoelectric effect.

     The piezoelectric effect is an important discovery. It is applied in a lot of practical devices. This paper is thus a “Piezoelectric Car Mechanical Project Idea” which makes use of the piezoelectric effect in designing the car. Besides this, the piezoelectric effect is implemented in microphones, wave filters etc. The reverse effect can also be obtained i.e. when an emf is applied, it produces mechanical vibration.

Description:

       In this paper Project on piezoelectric car the car’s tyres are made up of piezoelectric materials. The tires in this kind of car are made up of piezoelectric cables which in turn are made up of piezoelectric generators. When the tyres move on the road continuous pressure is applied on the tyres. This generates electricity as per the piezoelectric principle.

        The piezoelectric generator used in the car is a piezoelectric crystal which is in between two electrodes that are metallic in nature. Thus according to the piezoelectric effect, when mechanical stress is applied, the emf is generated.

Piezoelectric Car Conclusion:

      Thus by knowledge of the piezoelectric effect, the required piezoelectric car is designed. The electricity generated by the cables in the tyre is used to feed the batteries that power up the car. This makes the batteries self-charging in nature and external charging is required for the very first time. This system is also eco-friendly in nature and does not cause any pollution the environment. If Lead Zirconate piezocrystal is used then a generation of 100000 volts is obtained by deformation of tire.

Download Piezoelectric Car Mechanical Project Idea for Final Year Engineering Students.

Introduction:

           In this Mechanical project “Plasma Arc Welding and Machining Project Reports” is explained. Plasma arc welding (PAW) is the process of joining metals that are produced by heating using a constricted arc placed between an electrode and work piece. Plasma arc machining (PAM) uses a high-jet and high-temperature jet of gas to melt substances in its pathway.

        The plasma welding process was used in the year 1964 and has brought better control to arc welding process. Plasma preserves its original advantages and gives an advanced control to produce long electrodes for higher productivity. Plasma process can be performed manually as well as automatically. It’s been utilized for precision welding of surgical instruments and also to the welding of kitchen equipments.

Operation:

        In this project Plasma arc welding and machining for welding purposes the plasma is heated to a very high temperature and then ionized for electrical conduction. This plasma gas is forced and arc through an orifice and the metal to be welded is melted. This high temperature of plasma provides an increased heat transfer rate and results in high welding speeds and deep welding depth.

       PAM is a process of thermal cutting that uses a narrow beam of high-temperature plasma that is used to melt and separate the metal. The arc is formed in between a negative electrode and the workpiece which is positively charged. The metal is melted from the heat derived by the transferred arc and the high-velocity jet removes the molten matter from the cut. This is used for extremely thin welding.

Conclusion:

This project has been highly successful in lot of applications like the automatic repair of jet engine blades. However due to the expense involved in using this process, it is not preferred generally.  But, there are still a lot of changes which could be done to make this process a cost-viable option.

Download Plasma Arc Welding and Machining Project Reports for Mechanical Students.

Introduction to the BE Mechanical Project:

            In earlier days, planers and shapers were popularly used but have been rendered obsolete now. The milling machines have superseded them as the best machine tools since the speed of metal removal is quantitative in nature. This project “Planer Milling Machine Accommodated With Drill Head” explains about milling machines. These machines are of two kinds: double housing and open-side.

          In the double-housing, vertical supports are present on both sides of the long bed whereas in the open-side arrangement, vertical supports are only on one side thereby permitting the work piece to extend beyond. Using mailing machines increases the production rate. Since the drilling and planar surface machine is incorporated in one unit, power is saved and there is no transfer of tones between machines.

Working:

     In this project Plane milling machine, the work piece is lifted and hoisted in position on the machine bed. It is then secured in the holding fixture with the aid of wrenches and position is verified using gauges or calipers. The machine is then started and automatically operations are done and if tools have to be changed then the machine is stopped and tool changes are made. Then the machine is started again.

         If the work table or machine table has to be leveled, it can be done by using a long flexible liquid column which is a simpler technique. Leveling of work tables is not difficult and can be achieved by using spirit levels or other techniques. In this project, the drilling head is fixed to the lead screw of the arm using half-nut arrangement and this saves time and power.

Conclusion:

    This project is very advantageous as maintenance of the entire unit is simple and it is also a cheap process. For leveling of the work table, skilled workers aren’t required. The work tableset up time is considerably reduced and lengthier tables can be leveled with application of less effort.

Download Planer Milling Machine Accommodated With Drill Head Mechanical Project Report and Final Documentation.