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Power Management System in BPCL

Relays are utilized for the power system protection and various types of relays have electromechanical, static and numeric relays and numerical relay has an important role in an automated system. This project is based on substation automation which is named as Power Management System.

Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) gives utility operator to control and monitor processes which are distributed among many remote sites. SCADA systems have hardware and software components whereas the hardware collects and gives data to a computer on which SCADA software has installed. When conditions become hazardous, SCADA gives warning by sounding alarms.

Power Management System in BPCL is a system to present all network data to an operator to have a safe and reliable operation and control the entire network from a Central Control room by many plant overviews. BPCL – KR already has three substations with the help of SCADA system and this project is about this existing system which is extended to other substations.

When two or more conductors operate with potential difference come in contact, then fault occurs and caused by sudden equipment failure, accidental damage, short circuit to overhead lines, or simulation failure. The faults occur in a j lower system such as t)ver Current, Lnder Voltage, Unbalance, Reversed Power, and Surges.

Advantages of PMS are Centralized controlling of power system, Fault analysis efficient, Integration and standardization of relays, and Control and monitoring possible. A Human-Machine Interface or HMI is the apparatus to present process information to a human operator by which the human operator is able to control the process.

Conclusion:

A power system such as BPCL needs a system to present networks data to have safe and reliable operation to control the entire network from a central control room by many plant overviews. SCADA system application is extended to many fields of engineering and technology for supervision, control and automation.

Download Power Management System in Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited EEE Project Report.

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Position Control of Manipulator Using PMAC with DC Servo Motors

The aim of this project is controlling the position of DC servomotor by DC servo drive and PC position controlling is for single or multi-axis.

Desired Position Command is given to the PMAC through PEWIN32PRO software to give output to Servo Drive to drive the servomotor at specific speed, direction and position.

The aims of the Position Control with DC Motors of Manipulator Using PMAC  Electrical Student project are integration of DC servomotor to clamp mechanism with DC servo drive, interfacing of Programmable Multi Axis Controller to the DC servo drives in closed loop, and parameter optimization and Tuning of the drive.

Youtube video link on Position Control with dc motor

When the system employ the PC based stand alone controller then the positioning of the table results possible with the soft CNC, motion control program, and PLC for I/O control of the system. The controller in this application is Programmable Multi Axis Controller (PMAC).

It is a controller with high performance servo motion which is capable of commanding up to 8 axes of motion with a high level of sophistication. Motorola’s DSP 56001 is the CPU for PMAC to handle all the calculations for 8 axes.

There are four hardware versions of PMAC. They are the PMAC-PC, the PMAC-Lite, the PMAC-VME, and the PMAC-STD. It  is  to  note  that  PMAC  is  a full  computer  and capable  of  standalone  operation  with  its  own  right and stored  programs.

The abbreviation of CNC is Computer(ized) Numerical(ly) Control(led) which implies computer control of machine tools for the purpose of (repeatedly).

Numerical control or numerically controlled (NC) machine tools are machines automatically operated by commands which are received by their processing units.

Advantages include Smaller outside dimensions and large torque, Good operating efficiency, Good controllability, and Cheap.

Conclusion:

This project is aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating the DC servomotor to the clamping mechanism and controlling its position through Programmable Multi Axis Controller called PMAC with Dc servo drive.

Download Position Control of Manipulator Using PMAC with DC Servo Motors EEE Final Year Project Abstract with Documentation.

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Multiple Devices Switching Through PC

Multiple Devices Switching Through PC Abstract: The MAX-232 of PCs is a versatile tool to develop many PC based applications. Controlling of switch on/off the gadgets is done by MAX-232 where the computer decides the sequence of switching. The circuit here uses eight devices through MAX-232 data lines.

The MAX232 is an integrated circuit to convert signals from an RS-232 serial port to signals suitable used in TTL compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver to convert the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals.

The drivers give RS-232 voltage level outputs (approx. ± 7.5 V) from a single +5V supply by on-chip charge pumps and external capacitors useful for implementing RS-232 in devices. The receivers reduce RS-232 inputs to standard 5 V TTL levels and have a typical threshold of 1.3 V, and a typical hysteresis of 0.5 V.

The circuit is a zero-crossing optically-isolated triac driver MOC3041, triac BT136 and discrete components. Parallel-port from pins 2 to 9 connected to pin 1 of IC1 by IC8 via current limiting resistor R1 through R8, respectively. Pin2 of IC1 through IC8 is linked together and connected Pins 18 through 25 of the parallel port.

The MOC303XM and MOC304XM devices have aAlGaAs infrared emitting diode coupled to a monolithic silicon detector to perform the function of a zero voltage crossing bilateral triac driver. They are designed to use with a triac in the interface of logic systems to equipment powered from 115 VAC lines, like teletypewriters, CRTs, solid-state relays, industrial controls, printers, motors, solenoids and consumer appliances, etc.

Applications are Solenoid/valve controls, Lighting controls, Static power switches, AC motor drives, Temperature controls, E.M. contactors, AC motor starters, and Solid state relays.

Conclusion:

This switching device provides the user to operate eight devices simultaneously by serial communication port of the pc. The implementation of micro-controller converts the data from parallel communication to serial communication.

Download Multiple Devices Switching Through PC Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.

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Low Cost Automatic Energy Efficient Emergency Lamp Using Pulse Width Modulation

The growing demand to the save electricity and failure in power supply is difficult and inconvenience. An automatic emergency lamp makes use of LED and too bright because of white LEDs that turn on if mains supply fails and turns off if power resumes. It has its battery charger that stops charging automatically when it is fully charged. The aim of this Low Cost Automatic Energy Efficient Emergency Lamp Using Pulse Width Modulation project is to develop user friendly product and power efficient. The objective of this project is to reduce power consumption by utilizing a low-cost, automatic white LED lamp with PWM.

The circuit has three sections for the charger power supply includes a transformer that steps down (9V,500mA), Bridge rectifier that rectifies transformer output, LM317: voltage regulation, Battery that provides supply when mains fails, and a Zener diode conducts when battery crosses its capacity.

555 timer section controls the LED section by PWM. LED driver section builds around BD 140 and 12 white LEDs connected in parallel. LED section glows when mains fails and blinks using astable operation of 555 and appears fulltime ON because of persistence of vision.

The features include simple circuit where components are easily available at low cost. Automatically switches ON when the mains fails and turns OFF when mains power resumes and has a battery charger that stops automatically when fully charged. It makes our lives simpler and convenient to use. Energy consumption is very less and proves to be more economic for the consumer.

Advantages are efficiency, color, very small size, on/off time, cycling, dimming, slow failure, life time, and toxicity.

Project Conclusion:

The project concluded that there is an innovative improvement in today’s life. This device has added a new look to the traditional lamps. With the use of PWM, wastage of energy has reduced. The cost of this circuit is very less.

Download Low Cost Automatic Energy Efficient Emergency Lamp Using Pulse Width Modulation Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report

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Intelligent Security System

Intelligent Security System Programmable number lock system is a high security number lock system which is used as intelligent security system and is a user friendly. It is combination of software and hardware and 8051 Microcontroller kit is used for interfacing the system.

With this design, a door can be locked by using a four digit code (password). The code is set based on the user’s desire and the name PROGRAMMABLE. When the door is unlocked, the user must enter the code which is entered when the door gets locked. The door gets unlock and SEVEN SEGMENT displays ‘P’ with BUZZER sound. When user enters wrong code then BUZZER gets activated and now the volume gets much less.

The system has three units Keyboard unit, Display unit, and Control unit. The components that are used in the circuit of the intelligent security system are 8051 microcontroller, seven segment display, crystal oscillator, resistors, capacitors and buzzer.

A microcomputer is built on single semiconductor chip and used for automatic control of equipments, machines and process in industry, instrumentation, commercial and consumer appliances. The circuitry is the heart of the 8051 which generates the clock pulses with which all Operations are synchronized. Pins XTAL1 and XTAL2 connect a resonant network to form an oscillator.

Capacitors are present in every electronic circuit and meant to store electrons and are released whenever desired. It is a measure of ability of a capacitor to store charge and is measured in farads (F). The commonly used fixed capacitors are mica, ceramic, paper, and electrolytic. Applications are Telecom, Automotive applications, Domestic appliances, Robotics, Aerospace applications, Medical equipment, Defence systems, and Office automation.

Conclusion:

With the use of 8051 8-bit microcontroller an Intelligent Security System is made which has many household and official applications used in our day to day life. It has practical importance for many security purposes in our day to day life.

Download Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report on Intelligent Security System.

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Industrial Store Keeping By Autonomous Guided System

The arm control by robotics is very famous in robotics world. The important part of the robotic arm is a programmable microcontroller which is capable of driving two servos and a DC motors design to form an anthropomorphic structure.

This Industrial Store Keeping By Autonomous Guided System project describes to perform a study of the robotic arm and the microcontroller. When the robot is loaded then testing of the built robotic arm with servo motors and DC motors. The micro-controller uses assembly language and converts the assembly language codes to hexadecimal codes with a development board.

In construction of arm, the two servo motors, a dc motors, and gears are used since the structure is a three dimensional structure. There is a servo motor at the base to allow the circular movement of the whole Structure and one at the shoulder to allow upward and downward movement of the Arm and dc motor at the wrist allows picking of objects using the magnetic hand.

Random Access Memory (RAM) stores temporary data during runtime. ROM stores the program to be executed. (SFR) Special Function Registers are special elements of RAM. Program Counter is the engine to start the program and points to the memory address of the instruction to be executed. Control Logic supervises and controls all aspects of operations and it includes instructions decoder, Arithmetical Logic Unit (ALU) and Accumulator.

The study of components includes Mechanical part, Programmable part, Operating system, and sensors. The mechanical parts have Caster wheel and DC motor. Caster wheel is Omani directional motion and has metal sphere to move according to force of motion. The dc motors are easy to control and requires only two dc signals for its operation.

Conclusion:

The main objective is to form the Robotic arm with two servo motors and a DC motor which interface with the In-Development of a Microcontroller Based Robotic Arm. It provides interfaces to the outside world and has high memory to storage.

Download Industrial Store Keeping By Autonomous Guided System Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.

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Industrial Fault Indication System With Over Voltage over Temperature

The aim of this Industrial Fault Indication System With Over Voltage over Temperature Using Analog to Digital (Adc) Converters Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report is to design a fault indication system with over voltage and over temperature. The block diagram shows to measure the voltage, current, and resistance to design analog circuits to measure three parameters and ready to outputs. The outputs of analog circuit are connected to ADC and ADC is connected to microcontroller to get the desired parameter.

The set point is predefined in the program and when the set point exceeds then dc motor will become into the on condition. The green and red LEDS indicates the voltage and readings are displayed on the LCD display. Hardware used are Microcontroller, ADC, Lm 35(temp sensor), LCD, DC motor, and LEDS and soft ware are functionality of components and embedded C programming.

The AT89C52 is a low-power 8-bit microcomputer with high-performance CMOS and 8Kbytes of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory (PEROM). The on-chip Flash makes the program memory to be reprogrammed by a nonvolatile memory programmer. Combining 8-bit CPU and Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C52 becomes a powerful microcomputer to provide a highly flexible and cost-effective solution to embedded control applications.

Its applications are Sensor Interface, Process Control, Data Acquisition, and Battery Operated Systems. The Microchip Technology devices are 12-bit Analogto-Digital (A/D) Converters with hold circuitry and on-board sample. It is programmable to provide two pseudo input pairs or four singleended inputs or eight singleended inputs. Communication of the devices is completed with the help of a simple serial interface compatible with the SPI protocol.

The power supply unit provides constant 5 V dc supply to the peripherals. Regulator LM7805 is a digital IC which is used for regulating the output and provides a constant 5V DC supply as output.

Conclusion:

This project designs an indication system with over voltage and over temperature. It measures the voltage, current, and resistance to design analog circuits.

Download Industrial Fault Indication System With Over Voltage over Temperature Project PPT, PDF and Doc.

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Implementation of Mobile Phone Project

In this Implementation of Mobile Phone Project, there is a design codes for GSM for attending the call, for making the call, for accessing the phone book, and for sending the SMS. The code is designed in C language for mentioned three applications and KEIL software converts these ‘C’ codes in hex file. After conversion, the hex code is burnt in 8051 microcontroller kit by using FLASH MAGIC software and by using GSM modem these operations are.

The equipments used in this project are a PC, 8051 microcontroller kit, GSM modem kit, and a SIM card (Suscribers Identification Module) and software used are KEIL software for converting the ‘C’ code in hex code and FLASH MAGIC for burning this hex code in 8051 microcontroller.

8051 microcontroller provides many functions in a single package. It can access 8 bits of data in one operation and can access 216 memory locations each of RAM and ROM. It is two 16-bit Counter/timers, two-level interrupt priority, and a power saving mode.

The microcontroller is 8-bit ALU, Accumulator and 8-bit Registers and hence it is an 8-bit microcontroller. It has 8-bit data bus and can access 8 bits of data in one operation. It has 16-bit address bus. On-chip RAM, there are 128 bytes (data memory) and On-chip, there are ROM – 4 kByte (program memory). It is a four byte bi-directional input/output port and UART (serial port).

This project shows the execution of KEIL software and FLASH MAGIC.  The KEIL software converts the code of ‘C’ into hex file and hex file is created and ultimately the program is tested by a debugger.

Conclusion:

This project designed a code in ‘C’ and with KEIL software and flash magic software the hex file is saved in the flash memory of 8051 microcontroller. There is no use of personnel computer to operate the GSM kit and all operations are done only by the GSM kit itself.

Download Implementation of Mobile Phone Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.

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Human Detection Robot Electrical Project Idea

With the advent of high-speed technology, the growing computer capacity provides realistic opportunity and realization of new methods of control theory.

This technical improvement with high performance robots helps to be faster, accurate and more intelligent robots with the use of new robots control devices, new drives and advanced control algorithms.

This Human Detection Robot Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report is about the live personal detection robot which is based on 8 bit Microcontroller by using PIR sensor to detect human.

This project is used in the DEBRIS for Earth quake rescue.  It has IR sensors internally and infrared sensors sense the live persons. These systems are controlled by the Microcontroller.

The Microcontroller controls the motors to get the signals from the PIR sensors and to drive the motors as per the sensor inputs. Two DC Gare motors drive a robot. Hardware requirements are power supply, micro controller (at89s52), DC Gare motor, relays, and PIR sensor.

Microprocessors have the concept of programmable devices and used in many applications of intelligent equipment. Most applications needs high amount of data and program memory which tends to be costly.

The microprocessor system satisfies the data and program requirements, RAM and ROM satisfies application, and so peripheral control equipment also to be satisfied due to this peripherals cost are comparatively high.

The 8052 has three types of memory. They are on-chip memory, external Code memory and external Ram. On-Chip memory is physically existing memory on the microcontroller itself, External code memory is the code memory which resides off chip and is in the form of an external EPROM, and External RAM resides off chip and is in the form of static RAM or flash RAM.

Conclusion:

The project Human Detection Robot  designed and tested with integrating features of hardware components and the controller uses PIR based input sensor to detect terrorist/thief inside the building.

Download Human Detection Robot Electrical Engineering EEE Project Idea.

Related Full project Report:

Human Detection Robot Project Report

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Heavy Electrical Industry in India

Heavy Electrical Industry in India includes transmission, power generation, distribution, and utilization equipments, turbo generators, boilers, many types of turbines, transformers, switchgears and many allied items. Heavy electrical industry manufactures majority of the products in India that has items such as transformers, switchgears etc. and used by all Indian economy sectors. The major areas multi core projects for power generation, nuclear power stations, petrochemical complexes, chemical plants, integrated steel plants, non-ferrous metal units, etc are using it.

India is the developing country like China to produce a high range of electric power generation and transmission equipment. Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) has the unique distinction in the world that manufactures all major power generating equipment in a roof.

The heavy electrical industry has the capability of manufacturing transmission and distribution equipment upto 400 KV AC and high voltage DC. The industry has higher voltage system of 765 KV and facility to supply 765 KV class transformers, reactors, CTS, CVT, bushing and insulators, etc.

The electrical industry investments in R & D are largest in the corporate sector in India and large electrical equipment is also manufactured in India. The heavy electrical industry encompass thermal, hydro and gas based power plants, substation projects, rehabilitation projects, variety of products such as transformers, photo voltaic equipments, insulators, switchgears, motors, etc.

The mission of this industry is to be a leading Indian Engineering Enterprise to provide quality products system and services in the field of energy, transportation, infrastructure and many potential areas.    Working capital is classified as Gross Working Capital and Net Working Capital.

Conclusion:

It is concluded that company has a good credit policy, profit is more than last year that is  favorable for the company, comparing the financial position and comparing the average collection period and debtors. The company draws a new vision, mission and b\value statements.

Download Heavy Electrical Industry in India Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.