Introduction to Smart Dust Technology Seminar Topic:
They are the tiny devices that are advanced in the integration and the energy management. They are developed with the help of the MEMS technology. They are the mechanical systems that contain many mechanical elements. There devices are made of many components like MEMS sensors, optical receiver, signal processor, and batteries for power source. They use very less power.
It contain microcontroller that determines the working of the device, which task need to be performed. It continuously collects data from all the sensors and then converts them into the physical data, or mathematical data for manipulations. These devices are also called motes.
They use radio and optical transmission for the device.
Radio transmission: for such transmission they require the antenna of proper height. They work on the transmission of radio transmission. But it has some limitations like it require space for antenna setup. They also require modulation and demodulation of radio frequency.
Optical transmission: they also three techniques like:
– Passive reflective systems: they use special device like CCR. It consists of three mirrors that are connected to each other such that they reflect back the incident light parallel in the direction they entered. But it has some limitations like it only works for small base band so it cannot be extended from more than 1 km.
– Laser based: this technique used laser light for the transmission. It has the high power density.
– Active optical transmitter: it is direct communication between the nodes. In these techniques they can connect over longer distance ant very low bits.
Applications: they are used in the military for security of soldiers, they detect the biological environment and then notify the soldiers that it contain any harmful substance or not. They are also used in the medical field for monitoring the movement inside human body or insect body also.
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