Category: Electrical Projects

Download All Electrical Projects, Project Ideas, Project Abstracts, Project Reports for free. Electrical final year students can select electrical best topics form list and use these projects for mini and major projects. Electrical diploma students can also select best topic for major project.

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ECE Final Year Project on Single Phase Soft Switching Power Factor Correction Converter

Introduction to  Single Phase Soft Switching Power Factor Correction Converter:

Introduction to power factor correction converter:

To reduce the harmonics generated in the single phase circuits which has a negative effect on the receiver is reduced by power factor correction converter. The PWM control is used obtain switching. The entire construction consists of four groups, ZVS (zero  voltage switching), ZCS (zero current switching), ZCT (zero current transition) and ZVT (zero voltage transition) which are the advanced switching techniques which completely reduce the switching power losses. The power factor correction converter can work in high and low load conditions.

Operation of Power factor correction converter:

The circuit is built by using a auxiliary switch and a resonant circuit. Bt using the ZVT and ZCT techniques are used for switching the semiconductors. A sunbber circuit is used to overcome the low harmonics and power factor losses. Here the main switch and auxiliary switch and main diode are fed with the output of the ZVT and ZCT operational stages. By using SS we can even switch semiconductors in low load conditions. By using coupling inductance the current stress is reduced on the switches. By adding the ZCT,ZVT and PWM to the active snobbery to booster circuit the PFC is obtained.

Advantages:

The AC-DC converters serve the same purpose but they have many drawbacks like poor quality of injected current and slow ripple rate and poor power factor which causes voltage distortions. The size of this equipment is relatively big when compared to that of correction converters. By employing SS (soft switching) in these converters the low harmonics and higher switching losses are overcome. 98% efficiency is obtained in power factor correction converter even in full load conditions.

Download ECE Final Year Project on Single Phase Soft Switching Power Factor Correction Converter .

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RFID Based School/College Management System Project Report

Introduction to RFID Based School/College Management System Project:

Supervising boarding school pupil’s activity with the help of the outmoded study system is ineffective and poses a problem to the hostel authorities to check attendance manually. 

With the help of RFID technology, student activity can be traced in a faster and easier manner. This project aims at creating an embedded system that would register the attendance of the pupil employing RFID card based system and the data would be saved in the personal computer. The RFID tags permit the school management to trace the pupil’s activity in and out of the hostel or school. 

Description: 

This system employs the radio frequency identification reader (RFID reader) and the pupil are provided tags. The RFID reader ought to be linked to the personal computer. The RFID tag provided to the student, when put close to the RFID reader, the microcontroller reads the student Id via the RFID reader and verifies if the card is legitimate or not. 

This project also creates a tiny front end application employing visual basic. When the reader reads the id, the time in and time out and id ought to be shown in on the PC. The information ought to be registered on the personal computer. Though this project is unable to check the punctuality of the pupil, yet it can lessen the burden of the school management and save their time. 

The software required for the RFID reader is Embedded ‘C’. Keil and Flash magic are the required tools and the target device is the 8051 microcontroller. This application can be operated at schools and offices. The benefits it offers include low price and less power utilization. 

Conclusion: 

This project can be termed a successfully crafted and examined one as it has been created by incorporating characteristics of all the hardware elements employed and greatly forward IC’s.

Download RFID Based School/College Management System Project Report .

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RFID Toll Gate Project Report

Introduction to RFID Toll Gate Project:

RFID Toll Road Payment systems have been of great assistance in lessening the over congestion that has become a part of the metropolitan cities these days. It is one of the uncomplicated ways to manage the great run of traffic. The movement of the car through the toll gate on any of the roads is recorded on the RFID reader. The use of RFID systems lessen the use of manual toll gates. The RFID system is beneficial as it saves the time and price of travelers as the tag can be comprehended from a length.

The travelers passing through this mode of transport need the RFID tag, carried by their transport that allows them to be aware of the account of money that has been paid and the money left in the tag. It relieves the traveler of the burden of waiting in the queue to make the toll payment, which decreases the fuel-consumption and also taking cash with them can be avoided. The RFID toll payment systems also obstruct trespassing on boundaries. This software allows an easy movement of the vehicles and is very simple to execute.

A fundamental RFID system comprises of three elements:

a) An antenna or coil

b) A transceiver (with decoder)

c) A transponder (RF tag)

The benefits of RFID as compared to Bar Coding:

  • Unlike Bar code reads, the RFID doesn’t need a line of sight to be read as the RFID tags can be studied through things without line of sight.
  • RFID tags can be studied automatically by decreasing the exertion caused in scanning the product.
  • RFID tags provide greater read rates than Bar codes.
  • RFID tags can be simply decoded with object description.
  • As RFID tags can be written again with new data, tagged articles can be updated when they pass through the supply chain.

Download RFID Toll Gate Project Report .

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RFID Based Book Tracking System for Libraries Project Report

Introduction to RFID Based Book Tracking System for Libraries Project:

The systems based on RFID are about to reform the whole library automation systems. This project proposes a library automation system that would trace the books, if they are issued or present in the library, which would enable the user to get acquainted with the current information.

RFID can be employed for library circulation functions and robbery discovery systems. These systems act beyond safety to be tracing systems that merge safety with more effective tracing things around the library, involving simpler and swifter charge and discharge, registering and maintenance of things.

This technology assists librarians in decreasing the time consumed in inspecting bar codes during  charging and discharging things. RFID is an association of technologies based on radio-frequency and microchip. The information comprised on microchips in the tags attached to library items is studied employing radio frequency technology, irrespective of item orientation or arrangement(i.e., unlike the conventional robbery discovery systems, this technology doesn’t need line-of-sight or a stable plane to study tags). The RFID doors at the library departure can be as broad as four feet as the tags can be studied at a distance of about two feet by each of both equivalent departure door sensors.

Elements of an RFID System:

An extensive RFID system includes four elements

  • RFID tags which are programmed electronically along with unparalled information
  • Readers or sensors to inquire about the tags
  • Antenna
  • Server on which the software that interfaces alongside the incorporated library software is loaded
  • Tags

Three kinds of RFID tags:

  • Passive Tags
  • Active Tags
  • Semi-passive Tags

Conclusion:

Best customs and instructions when observed appropriately, drives away the menace attached to RFID in the library and hastens the book obtaining, catalogs and relieves the employees to serve the user in a better way. It’s a money-saver and repays investments quite soon.

Download RFID Based Book Tracking System for Libraries Project Report .

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ECE Project Report PDF on Remote Controlling Of Greenhouse Agriculture System By Microcontroller And Bluetooth

 In previous years, our Agriculture system is depends on only atmosphere, seasons and weather like Temperature, Humidity, Presser, Quality of soil and its Moisture. But from several years the production of crop has been depending on not only these atmospheric quotients but also mainly on fertilizers and some advanced technologies, which are made by human beings. In this project we will make a green house Agriculture system by using Microcontroller and Bluetooth in the region of remote control. So the total green house Agriculture system in our hand only that means we will design a specific system.

                       For this type of system we can use PIC18F4550 Microcontroller, three types of sensors are LM35DZ as Temperature sensor, CYBERSEN CHR101 as Humidity sensor, SPD 100G as Pressure sensor, KELHB2-000 as soil pH and moisture meter,  Motor control is Steeper motor PCB designing software is EAGLE, Bluetooth transmitter/receiver is NOKIA BH204 headset and MAT Lab. These are used for analyzing the program and send the data to the motor control. Other equipments are also used like voltage supply, transformer, op-amps, etc. Watering and spraying of insecticides and pesticides control the quality of soil and its moisture but the temperature, pressure and humidity cannot be controlled anyone or anything.

                       The temperature, pressure and humidity can measure easily and make easily but quality of soil and its moisture cannot measure easily and not make easily. So we have to make a device which is used to control the speed of motor and all sensors in a green house.

                      Now we have to keep the motor control of microcontroller in the field. The device which is made by us is keep at outside. It will take the atmospheric quotients as input and connect the computer in our mat lab. Atmospheric quotients (temperature, pressure, humidity and quality of soil and its moisture) all are in the form of analog signals are send to all sensors which are converted to digital signals by the microcontroller. These digital signals are send to the computer by using Bluetooth RF media transmitter/receiver which is working as medium. Then it is received by USB DONGLE of the computer. Mat lab, this software record analyzes and write a specific program and generate a signal is send to the microcontroller. The microcontroller and motor control are connected by the adapter. So in this way we can control the motor control and get a cultivated off-season crop. By using this type of technology we reduce the human labor, excess water usage, possibility of water pollution and usage of insecticides can be controlling. Finally we will get a good production of crops.

 Download ECE Project Report PDF on Remote Controlling Of Greenhouse Agriculture System By Microcontroller And Bluetooth .

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ECE Projects for Final Year on Efficient and Economical Solution For Traffic Congestion For Urban Areas

Introduction to ECE Projects for Final Year on Efficient and Economical Solution For Traffic Congestion For Urban Areas:

Now a day’s Traffic congestion plays a crucial role in our day-to-day life activities. Traffic congestion is the most problematic issue for the people especially who are living in urban areas like metropolitan cities. Traffic jam causes health problems, damaging fuel, delay in work, etc. Some of the traffic congestion was being reduced by the bypasses, flyovers, multi-way roads and ring roads. But we did not avoid the problem completely, because of growing the tremendous population in world wide. So we should take alternative solution for this problem.

                 This project mainly concentrates on these type of problems. The best solution is Underpass using Finite Element Approach by BOX Method. These type of problems were occurring because of parking spaces, narrow roads and streets, built shopping complexes, apartments, Fright distribution, accidents and safety, Loss of public properties, etc.

                  We have designed 3-methods they are Manual method, Single beam method and Finite element approach method. Calculation of loads, analysis of fixed end moments by moment distribution method was done by manual method and then designed it. Staad method is used in single beam method and Staad. Pro (plate method) is used in finite element approach method. Finally we compared three methods good results and more advantages are involving in finite element approach method.

This approach is less cost if cost is no problem, because once the underpass ways will be constructed, it will use for a lot of years and no need to repair them when construction is very strong. Maximum 100crore is enough but calculation of box method is somewhat difficult. So there is no long routes are possible.    

                   Advantages of this method is to avoid the uninterrupted traffic, provide the smooth traffic at national high ways, increase the government and public economic and saving the fuel using underpass by avoiding the long routes. 

 Download ECE Projects for Final Year on Efficient and Economical Solution For Traffic Congestion For Urban Areas.

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Alcohol Detector Circuit Project

The main objective of Alcohol Detector Circuit project is to detect the alcohol drunken people. For this purpose we have chosen an embedded system. It is a combination of both software and hardware. It was designed for a specific application.

The advantages of this system are reducing size, low cost, more reliable and secure, increasing performance, etc. 8051C is the most popular microcontroller in the world. It has been using KEILC51 C compiler.

This language is extension to C-language; it translates C files into reloadable modules which has symbolic information for debugging purpose with in-circuit emulator.

Electronics projects related to detector based microcontroller projects.

AT89C51 Microcontroller is used in this project. Compare to other microcontrollers 8051 has 12 CPU clock cycles, 3level program memory lock, 128*8 internal RAM, six interrupts, programmable serial channel, etc.

Download Alcohol Detector Project Report.

Alcohol Detector Circuit Diagram:

alcohol detector circuitalcohol detector imagesalcohol detector diagrams

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Alcohol Detector Project Report

    Introduction to Alcohol Detector Project:

This project is for ECE final year students which explain about a alcohol detection mechanism which is developed in embedded systems using C programming language.

                    So for detecting the alcohol drunken people, we have to use mainly both RF Transmitter and RF Receiver, microcontroller, encoder, decoder, DC-motor, Buzzer, L293D, Alcohol Detector. Software requirements are KEIL-C and Code.

                    The embedded kit is placed in a vehicle and the vehicle is under the control of hardware. When a person enters into the vehicle, the alcohol detector has detected the alcohol drunken person, immediately microcontroller sends the information to the encoder. Encoder encodes the information and sends to the RF transmitter, RF transmitter receives the information and sends to RF receiver, and it sends the information to the decoder. The decoder decodes in the information in the form of serial communication. O/P of decoder gives to buzzer, so immediately the buzzer or alarm will be ring.

                    The dc motor and LM293D are used for future enhancement. Future development will be developing robot for house cleaning purpose by using wireless communication. It is the better communication compare to other communications. In the same way internal operation will be done but some extension is dc motor will be used for moment of robot and LM293D will be give the direction of motion purpose. So finally say that embedded system is better usage for specific tasks. 

 Download Alcohol Detector Project Report.

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ECE Project Report on Breath Alcohol Tester

Introduction to Breath Alcohol Tester:

In previous years to detect the alcohol drunk people, we used many methods like chemical reactions, optical interference, infrared absorption, and embedded kit keep in vehicle. But these methods are very expensive, will take more time to react and give result, not easy to handle and maintain and have a short time life period. But we designed a new technology for detecting the alcohol drunk people. These disadvantages are not in this technology.

                          The main aim of this project is to test the individual’s alcohol level in blood by breath exhaled into our system. This is an electronic device. The name of device is “ENSURE”, which is having Alcohol countermeasures to measure alcohol level in blood and also having a numeric touch pad, which is replaced by a key ignition system. To start the car we have to use keys, which is replaced by a pin number to start the car by using this key ignition system. If the person he/she is not drinks the alcohol then the car will start by pressing the start button , which is in the control of  starter of the car. This blood alcohol test will be done by integrating standard voice chips used in our system. But we should replace “LED’s” because in future will control the cost effect.

                         In this breath alcohol tester we used semiconductor sensor, 7805 voltage regulator, LM324 quad op-amps, resisters, buzzer, capacitors and also two PLDs (Programmable logic device). Actually the legal limit for alcohol is “0.1%”, if it is cross the limit the LED is triggered and an over the limit of alcohol. So the person is too drink and to drive.

Different LED’s will also use for testing different alcohols. First PLD is used for displaying number purpose and second PLD issued for checking the state of the machine and 3-number combination is suit for security code if not code will decrease to 2-number.

                         Finally say that by using this blood alcohol test we can find the blood alcohol content and save many people. This system is robust and more reliable.          

  Download ECE Project Report on Breath Alcohol Tester.

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ECE Final Year Eye writer project Report

Introduction to ECE Final Year Eye writer project:

The main objective of this project is, generally most of the people can read, write, listen, and do anything because of their body communicate with mind. So mind controls every moment of the body. But some of the people can’t do like this because of their body may not communicate with their brain, means brain is active and body is in-active. This kind of people can think but not implement their thoughts. Many scientists were researched and designed “A EYE TRECKER”   for this kind of people. By using eye tracker they can implement their thoughts; this kind of application is called as” AN EYE WRITER”.

                               This eye tracker is used for finding the eye moments and positions from left-to-right, right-to-left and up-to-down, down-to-up and also location of the object. This is used for who are suffering from neuromuscular syndrome. According to the eye moments of the people to write and draw their thoughts and translate these moments into lines on the screen. Eye trackers are three kinds. First one is magnetic field sensor or special contact lenses (which are made by embedded mirror) are attachment to the eye and this sensor or mirror is around with eyeball. It does not slip when the eye rotates. First tracker is used for measuring exact moment and sensitive dynamics of eye.

                               Second one tracker is non-contact optical system, in which infrared light is reflected from the eye which is sensed by the video camera. It is used for measuring the eye motion. And the third one tracker is electrodes, which are placed around the eye uses electro potential is used for measuring the slow eye moment and detecting the gaze direction. Both positive and negative electrodes placed around an eye are called “ELECTROOCULAGRAM” (EOG). Generally there are two eye track techniques, which are Bright pupil and Dark pupil. Difference between these techniques is ON-Axis lighting and OFF-Axis lighting between camera and reflection of light path from eye.

                               Advantages are low cost and are most applicable for cognitive studies, medical research, human factors, computer usability, adult research, in-vehicle, etc. commercial applications are web usability, television programs, advertising media, package designers, both younger’s and  order’s.                 

 Download ECE Final Year Eye writer project Report.