Category: ECE and EEE Project Abstracts

This category consists of latest abstracts which can be used for institutions for developing new projects for electrical and electronic final year students. Electronics students can download mini and major projects with abstracts and project reports.

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ECE Seminar Topic and Report on Military Radars

Introduction to Military Radars Seminar Topic:

This paper is discussed about “Military Radars” , its features, benefits and also its operations.  Military Radars are useful to give warning or altering Weapon control functions.

Features and Advantages:

Deployment of Military Radar will takes place within minutes. Military Radars (MR) will be useful to both air space users and air defenders by minimizing mutual interference of tasks, which will intern helpful to show effectiveness in combined combat operations. It will work in all-weather conditions. It is capable of handling multiple targets and engagements. MR has fast reaction time in between target detection and fire moment. It helps to reduce the stress under pressure due to having low manning requirements and also it is easy to operate MR’s. It will provide unlimited single air defense weapons with target data and also have a capability of flexible weapon integration. Military Radars have an excellent target discrimination and exact tracking due to its high resolution.

System configuration:

Radar group, Shelter and Motor Generator are three parts of Military Radar system.

How to operate the RADAR:

The following sequence is the work flow of a Military Radar system:

  1. Target detection by Radar.
  2. Track initiation and identification.
  3. Automatic target tracking and IFF status.
  4. Target track data and put it in the encoded message.
  5. Message transmitted to weapon systems.

At the other end the below functions will take place:

  1. Message send by Radar will be decoded and parallax correction will takes place.
  2. Threat evaluation and display of results as advice
  3. Target selection. Target tracking, fire control and weapon aiming
  4. Firing at target.

Conclusion:

During Wartime, Military radars are very useful and these can be used for exact target detection and firing. A threat evaluation program exists in Radar system helps to

Puts the target in a threat sequence automatically, and suggests the military crew about which

Target need to be engaged first.  A radar system is reliable and simple to operate and the maintenance cost of this system is also low.

 Download ECE Seminar Topic and Report on Military Radars .

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Large Skateboard Controller Project

Project Title: Large Skateboard Controler

Project Description: To devise a control to stabilise the Skateboard and allow skaters to use it safely.

Product Details: The skateboard is already in existence but the control of it is rather unstable. The project will design build and test in a safe manner the operation of the skateboard.

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IP Core authoring Project Synopsis

Project Title: IP Core authoring

Project Description:

System on a Chip technology relies on IP cores to achieve reusability. IP core authoring is an important part of the new fab-less industry.
The project investigate how to write good quality, reusable IP cores, and apply the findings to a real exercise of writing one of such cores. The example core can be processor, I/O, image processing, UART etc

Product Details:

Verilog models of cores, with potential FPGA implementation

Resources Required:

Altera Quartus II
Modelsim simulator
Altera-DEII board

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FPGA based edge enhancement Project

Project Title: FPGA based edge enhancement

Project Description:

Many image processing algorithms, including edge detection/enhancement algorithms, have software implementation. But to be used in real time processing, hardware implementation becomes necessary.
This project will implement one of the edge enhancement algorithms using FPGA chip. A Verilog model has already been developed, but further improvement are needed to improve the performance further.

Product Details:

Verilog models of edge enhancement algorithm

Resources Required:

Altera Quartus II
Modelsim simulator

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Smart Home systems review and design

Project Title: SmartHome systems – review and design

Project Description:

Smarthome systems allow house owners to control their home appliances remotely, e.g. through home computers, or mobile phones. It is a relatively new application area for electronic systems, but is gaining increasing attentions. There are several different techniques currently available, the project is to compare and analyse these techniques, and for a defined purpose, choose one technique to implement a small smarthome system.

Product Details:

Software to control the home smart system;
Depending on the chosen technique, hardware circuit might need to be built.

Resources Required:

C/C++ compiler
Altera Quartus II

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Altera board based embedded system design

Project Title: Altera board based embedded system design

Project Description: FPGA based embedded system design are widely used in industry, especially during the prototyping stage. Several new state of art boards have been purchased by the department recently, and can be used for design various application, e.g. digital camera, digital photo frame etc

Product Details:

Altera board based embedded system

Resources Required:

Altera Quartus II
Modelsim simulator
Altera DE-2 board, embedded system development board
NIOS processor core

 

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Seminar Report on Wireless Charging Of Mobile Phones Using Microwaves

Introduction to Wireless Charging Of Mobile Phones Using Microwaves Seminar Topic:

The fact that mobile phones work on batteries makes them vulnerable to charging once the batteries get drained. The rate at which batteries drain depends on the manufacturers of both batteries and mobiles. Batteries get drained as we talk, how it would be if we reverse this process. Using microwaves mobile phone can be recharged.

The mobile towers transmit microwave with the message/data signal. These microwaves can be used to charge the mobiles by using a guided antenna at a frequency of 2.45 Mhz, sensor, Rectenna and a filter circuit which can be fitted to the regular handset. With this setup the phone automatically gets charged as you talk.

Microwaves are most suitable for data transmission because they can penetrate any obstacles and in all weathers. Microwaves are used in remote sensing, data transmission from space, communication industry and cooking. These radiations are sometimes considered as harmful. We use S band spectrum which is license free and reserved especially for industrial, scientific and medical purposes and also for Bluetooth and wireless LAN.

Magnetron is a device which uses both magnetic field and electric field is produced perpendicular to each other thereby magnetic field is constantly applied along the axis of the device.

A rectenna is a special type of rectifying antenna which converts microwave energy into DC current. We can achieve 90% efficiency using this antenna. This antenna can be constructed by placing a schottky diode between dipoles of antenna. A sensor simply senses when a mobile is used for talking.

The advantages are elimination of different types of chargers; one microwave transmitter serves all service providers in that area and recharging of mobiles without any wires. Few disadvantages are ill effects on human body and not much advancement in practical implementation commercially. 

 Download Seminar Report on Wireless Charging Of Mobile Phones Using Microwaves .

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Technical CSE Seminar Topic on Bio Metric Systems

Collecting a data to identifying a person in manual way is time taking process, involves more risk for implementation and maintaining the data. In the present world data was easily misused by frauds. To secure a data from those people’s data should be maintained very confidential and access of data should be highly secure. For maintain the data in such manner we need highly protected system to maintained above things. For that Biometric system is very useful.

The Biometrics system is a device, by using this maintaining and implementation of the data in high secured manner. Using this data was not misused by any other persons.

Biometrics is an automatic mechanism used for the capture the real time persons finger prints and pictures. Biometric is containing the three type of identification, the mechanism is automated, storage process and interact with different applications.

Biometric system is contains two stages

Stage one: Enrolment stage

Stage two: identification stage

Enrolment stage contains scanning the data and the obtained data was stored

Identification stage contains cross checking the data with stored data, if it is matched system gives the permission for the proceedings

A sensor is scan for the physical density and creating digital presentation, there are two type of the topology to identifying the Biometrics physical and behaviour. The physical is depends on the identifying faces, finger prints, Hand and eye. Behaviour is taking the signature of the person and voice.

The limitation of the using the Biometrics only the user allow to perform an identity otherwise it should paly alarm alters.

Cost also increasing to scan for different human identifications. Voice is the least cost one.

Hand and IRIS are the highest cost one and give the good performance.

The Iris is a technology is used for to identify for the retina and eye colour.

The IRIS data is identifying the using the Rainbow. The Eye black one most powerful identities, this is the Technology used to identifying the person in ATM Canter and cash machines. While using the ATM canter pictures should be captures very easily when any illegal thing should be happened. The IRIS data should be unique.

 Download Technical CSE Seminar Topic on Bio Metric Systems .

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Vehicle Monitoring and Control System Using Micro controller Project

Introduction to Vehicle Monitoring and Control System Using Micro controller Project:

We know that most of the accidents involve heavy vehicles such as trucks and busses. The main reason is because of them using huge engines and complex running structure compared to smaller cars there is greater risk of any of the system being failed while the vehicle is moving at a high speed or even because of driver error an accident may be caused.

Hence there is a need to monitor the vehicles parameters such as speed of the vehicle, temperature of engine, fuel availability, battery monitoring, proximity detection and coolant level is essential for the safety of vehicle. This information should not only be visible to driver but also to the base stations/owners.

In this system we make use of PSOC – programmable system on chip instead of microcontroller which reads all the parameters of the vehicle and transmits the same data to base stations using RF frequency.

PSOC’s has powerful processor architecture, advanced peripherals, Flexible on-chip memory, precision programmable clocking, programmable pin configuration, additional system resources and complete development tools.

Operation: – The important parameters of the vehicle are measured using appropriate sensors and this information is transferred to PSOC. Then the PSOC samples the data at regular intervals and the corresponding actions to be taken are stored in its memory for later or immediate action.

The speed of the engine is monitored every second and is converted into RPM which is displayed to driver continuously and when speed exceeds a certain value, the PSOC automatically activates a motor which apply the brakes. In this way the speed is limited to a predefined value.

Similarly all other parameters can be sensed and controlled immediately or at later stage at a base station. Hence this system of Vehicle-monitoring and control system using microcontroller helps in better management of heavy vehicles and reduces the accidents to highways to greater extent.

Download Vehicle Monitoring and Control System Using Micro controller Project report .

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Vehicle Density Based Traffic Light Signaling System

Introduction to Vehicle Density Based Traffic Light Signaling System Project:

Traffic management is one subject on which every year millions of dollars are spent across the world to provide better traffic management. Especially in the developed countries such as India there is huge scope for a better traffic management.

Presently traffic is managed manually at smaller junctions and by using the signals lights (Red – Green – Yellow) at major junctions. This system will not serve for effective using of road space in major cities. The latest technology that can be employed is by using signal lights which function based on density of vehicles on the roads.

In this system all the timings of signal lights are fed to a computer basically termed as base station and through this station all the signals are sent to microcontrollers (89C51) placed on signal lights to operate accordingly. Sensors are connected to microcontrollers on every signal location which senses/reads the density of traffic in that particular road and sends the information to base station. Hence a bi-directional information flow system should be in place between signal lights and base station. Based on this information on density of traffic the signal light timings are automatically changed and also if needed traffic will be diverted to roads where traffic is less.

For sensing the traffic we can either use laser sensors or inductive type metal sensors. For transiting data we can use 433 Mhz carrier frequency. And use RS232 protocol for microcontroller (895C1) communication.

By deploying this model in real time we can save time being wasted in standing at signal, petro / fuel consumption can be reduced and make traffic management accurate.

Download Vehicle Density Based Traffic Light Signaling System .