Author: Admin

Waste & Recycled Material In Concrete Technology: Recycled-aggregate concrete containing fly ash is an example of construction material in harmony with this concept, whereby sustainable construction development is useful with satisfactory performance, in both safety and service of structures, at lower costs and with advantages over ordinary concrete. This Report discussed the basis of which by-products to be use and recyclable materials in concrete which can be better results. Moreover, while using recycled materials some important properties of the hardened concrete such as ductility and durability can be better engineered. 

Concrete is fundamentally made of aggregates glued by a cementitious materials paste, which is made of cementitious materials and water. Each one of these concrete primary constituents, to a different extent, has an environmental impact and gives rise to different sustainability issues. WHAT IS CONCRETE RECYCLING? Breaking, removing & crushing hardened concrete from an acceptable source. Old concrete pavements often are excellent sources of material for producing RCA.

FLY ASH CEMENT:

Fly ash is the ash component of Coal liberated during combustion. Fly ash can be incorporated into Portland cement in one of the three ways. Fly ash can be used as a admixture or as replacement of Portland cement. Fly ash addition to Portland cement results in increased workability. In fly ash cement development of compressive strength is slow .At longer periods of curing Fly ash concrete develops higher strengths than the normal concrete. In this report finally explain by graph diagrams STRENGTH, PERMEABILITY OF FLY ASH CONCRETE, and pictures of some construction of buildings by using Fly ash. Finally report explains about Recycling of Waste Materials & by production for concrete technology.

Conclusion:

In the coming future Recycling of Waste Materials & by production for concrete technology will achieve new heights, as attempts are already being made to use municipal refuse & waste oil as partial substitutes for  production of cement clinker. We have to promote & development in the area of utilization of waste materials. Variability of the physical & chemical characteristics & availability at locations far removed from populations areas may inhibit the wide spread use of many types of wastes. Future work will have to be directed to study of the long term durability of concretes containing these materials.

Download Civil Engineering Final Year Project report on Waste & Recycled Material In Concrete Technology.

This Civil Project On Use Of Fly Ash In Different Countries report gives brief explanation Use of fly ash in different countries. China is the most Ash production and use country. Fly ash, a residue of burning of pulverised coal and lignite in thermal power stations, is now being accepted as a resource material. The concerted efforts in Mission Mode that began in India about decade back, have developed confidence in fly ash utilisation technologies and its large-scale utilisation. Till about a decade back, fly ash had been considered a “Polluting Industrial Waste” and most of it was being dumped in the ash ponds. Very few utilisation areas of fly ash were known and general perception of people about it was negative. Over a period of last ten years, lot of work has been undertaken with the focussed on Fly Ash. The potential of the fly ash has been understood & brought to the fore, the utilisation areas known earlier have been further strengthened by way of undertaking Technology Demonstration Projects and facilitating multiplier effects, awareness has been created among the user agencies through dissemination of information and many more new areas of ash utilisation have been developed.

Fly ash should be considered as an essential ingredient of concrete and not merely for replacement of cement or reduction in cost. Over a period of last ten years, the image of fly ash has completely been changed from a “Polluting Waste” to “Resource Material”. The economic worth of fly ash has been understood by the people and it has now become a “sought after material”.

Conclusion:

There is a need for concerted effort to promote the “technically sound”, “environmentally safe”, and “economically justified” utilization of Ash. A number of researches and projects on high levels utilization of Ash have been carried out in many part of world, however, the majority of which have not yet been commercialized. It should be emphasized that transforming such laboratory- or pilot-scale technologies into industrial productivity is of the highest priority for increased use of Ash.

Download Civil Engineering Project Report On Use Of Fly Ash In Different Countries.

The main of this Studies On Economical Configuration Of Rcc And Prestressed Shell Roofs report is to identify the configuration of different directrices of Pre-stressed cylindrical shell roofs that will result in the least cost for a given load and span. To identify the configuration of different directrices of RC Conoidal shell roofs that will result in the least cost for a given load and span. To study the influence of the amount of dip in the case of Hyperbolic Paraboloid –Inverted umbrella (Square and Rectangle) type shell roof. The most economical configuration of Pre-stressed cylindrical shell roofs having different directrices to cover a given area, the following types of cylindrical shell structures are Circular Directrix, Parabolic Directrix, Inverted catenary Directrix, Cycloidal Directrix.

Curved surface having small thickness compared to the radius and other dimensions. Shells or skin space roofs are preferable to plane roofs since they can be used to cover large floor spaces with economical use of materials of construction. The use of curved space roofs requires 25 to 40% less materials than that of the plane elements. The report gives Advantages and Disadvantages of shell roofs. Shell roofs are chosen commonly for covering large clear areas using the minimum of intermediate supports. Finally this report gives detail explanation on Objects of Pre-stressing, Advantages of Pre-stressing, Methodology Adopted, and Examples of Pre-stressed.

Conclusion:

This report gives considerable design and strength are achieved by the eccentric application of the pre-stressing pressure. Design eccentricities are varied only slightly, variation from design stresses could be such as to affect the performance of a shallow unit under complete working load. The materials require that the initial stresses at pre-stressing be at the allowable upper limits of the material. This imposes high stresses, utilise the optimum stress capability of both the concrete and steel, it is necessary to ensure that these materials meets the design requirements.

Download Final Year Civil Engineering Project Report on Studies On Economical Configuration Of Rcc And Prestressed Shell Roofs.

Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (Siwes) Project Report is an effective instrument for exposing students to the realities of the work environment in Nigeria especially, and the world in general; in their chosen professions so as to achieve the much needed technological advancement for the nation. To give an account of the activities carried out during the scheme, the trainee submits a technical report stating, in details, all the knowledge and experience gained.

This report gives a detailed explanation of all the activities carried out by the trainee. Before giving details of these activities, general background knowledge, as studied from relevant engineering texts available, is briefly explained. Then followed by the details of these activities, with each project been involved in outlined under each chapter. Thereafter the chapter that explains the various problems encountered in executing the afore-mentioned projects and the solutions proffered to solve those problems.

The SIWES was established as a result of the realization by the Federal Government, in 1971, of the need to introduce a new dimension to the quality and standard of education obtained in the country in order to achieve the much needed technological advancement; because it has been shown that a correlation exists between a country’s level of economic and technological development, and its level of investment in manpower development (Oniyide, 2000).

Conclusion:

Hence, to explain the details to the student the trainee should have the complete knowledge and experience, to expose students to latest developments and technological innovations in their chosen professions. The trainee also has to provide, opportunities for the students to be involved in the practical aspect of their respective disciplines. Thus, bridging the gap between the theoretical aspects taught in the class and the real world situations.

Download Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (Siwes) Civil Engineering Project Report.

The Sheet Metal Drawing Btech CIVIL Project Idea deep drawn technology is one of the most challenging processes in manufacturing. The sizes, shapes, thickness and deep drawn metal used to produces sheet metal deep drawn parts cover a diverse range of variables. Individual variables should be evaluated carefully to determine the optimum manufacturing method. The deep drawing of irregular square cup was investigated in this paper. To predict the damage of irregular square cup, different blank hold forces and blank shapes were studied in the numerical model.

The experiment was carried out with the optimized blank force holder and blank shapes, the crack and thickness distribution were investigated. The results of the experiment accorded with those of the numerical simulations, which show the validity of the simulation to predict where the damaged zones will appear in the part during the deformation. Many objects, such as cardboard and metal boxes, cake pans, mail boxes, HVAC ducts, roof gutters, are made from flat sheet material that, when folded, formed, or rolled, will take the shape of an object. Since a definite shape and size are desired, a regular ortho-graphic drawing of the object is made first: then a development drawing is made to show the complete surface or surfaces laid out in a flat plane.

Conclusion:

The sheet metal deep drawn technology is one of the most challenging processes in manufacturing. The sizes, shapes, thickness and deep drawn metal used to produces sheet metal deep drawn parts cover a diverse range of variables. Individual variables should be evaluated carefully to determine the optimum manufacturing method. Regardless of the many factors involved affecting the draw quality, the most important element to a successful sheet metal deep drawing operation is the smoothness of sheet metal flow. The following are key elements affecting metal flow during deep drawing process and each of them should be considered when designing or troubleshooting sheet metal deep drawing stamping tools.

Download Sheet Metal Drawing Btech CIVIL Project Idea & Abstract.

Slip Forming Civil Seminar Topic: Civil engineering course put more attention to concrete and reinforcement while almost ignoring the major component like form work. No attention is paid to economic design of form work. Form work costs approximately 10% of the total cost of the construction projects but at the same time sheltering/scaffolding involves major capital investment.

The construction industry today lacks Engineers who can design a good form work system. There are enough Engineers to do concreting, reinforcement and a structural design but there are not many to improve upon the form work. The procedures so far have been mainly hit and trial at least for the smaller construction companies. In spite of being such a major capital cost component, no enough research has been done to minimize the cost of form work.

The increasing shortage of skilled carpenters, the cost of timber and economic disadvantages of economic disadvantages of traditional purpose built forms have made the use of SLIP FORMING is necessary. So that revolutionary technique called SLIP FORMING is in introduced. Slip forming is technique of construction using mechanized form work. Slip forming is process of continuous lifting of form work by a hydraulic system of jacks and pumps.

Conclusion:

With the invention of slip forming technique and due to speedier completion of work by the technique, there are substantial savings in cost in terms of wages and interest. This technique has no comprises against quality control and Homogeneity of structure. The cost saving will not appear automatically just because slip forming has been used .This technique has a lot of scope for improvement. But it can be adapted for tall framed structure. For slip forming work ordinary concrete of equally M20 &M25, rarely M30. Generally Portland cement is used for concreting. Fast setting cement in special cases work during winter and slip form progress is chosen. After dismantling the slip form components it can be used for span more than 25 years.

Download Slip Forming Civil Seminar/Project Topic.

Civil Project Abstract Secant Pile Construction Technique:Over the last few decades construction of retaining walls in urban areas has grown significantly, as a result of territorial and economical development of the cities. In most cases, retaining walls are deep structures with the existence of groundwater level because urban areas are often at a few meters above sea level. Furthermore, construction of retaining walls in cities, introduce special problems as a result of being directly in touch with urban elements and citizens.

In situ pile retaining walls are very popular due to their availability and practicability. There are different types of pile walls contiguous (intermittent) bored pile construction, (spacing between the piles is greater that the diameter of piles).

In these conditions, for deep borings and with the existence of groundwater level, diaphragm walls and secant pile walls are the only feasible retaining walls in urban areas. Secant pile walls are usually used in hard ground, where it is not possible to install diaphragm walls, and in rocks, and it is technically possible to install secant pile walls in a extensive range of grounds.

Advantages and Disadvantages:

Noise: comparatively secant piles methods are more adaptable. Wall plan geometry: As site values increase, the pressure to use all available space within basements has become intense. Sites are often sandwiched between existing buildings, and walls are placed in close proximity to adjacent structures or roads.

The main disadvantages of secant pile walls are:

1. Verticality tolerances may be hard to achieve for deep piles.

2. Total waterproofing is very difficult to obtain in joints.

3. Increased cost compared to sheet pile walls.

Conclusion:

For temporary works, a hard-soft secant constitutes a perfectly satisfactory structure. For permanent structures the suitability of the technique demands critical evaluation in the particular site circumstances and structural requirements. Cased secant construction methods provide a high degree of security when working in granular soils adjacent to heavily loaded foundations or adjacent structures. Hydraulic diaphragm wall cutters are high production machines and require a large site, both to work efficiently and for their related service plant and back up facilities.

Download Civil Project Abstract Secant Pile Construction Technique.

This Safe Water Technologies Civil Project Report is about Safe Water Technologies. Now days, technologies are developing and there are many industries are introduced. Though the technologies are developing, however water also getting polluted with these industries. Hence, Safe Water Technologies are required to protect the water.

Water everywhere is increasingly being contaminated from numerous sources and this, especially in drinking waters is a major concern, due to the associated health hazards. The most common contaminants being suspended matter, mud, silt, algae, bacteria and other pathogens. Besides large bulk processing systems for industry, Safe Water in India also has special focus on small and medium water supply needs.

Solutions are offered for treatment of Municipal Waters, Surface Waters, Open and Tube Well Waters including source waters from streams, rivers, ponds and lakes for drinking water for Residences, Housing Colonies, Resorts, Villages, and Small Towns. Today, more than 1.1 billion people lack access to safe drinking water and 2.6 billion people have no access to basic sanitation. In most industrialized countries, access to safe drinking water is nearly universal, and is often taken for granted. This access has come as the result of massive public expenditures, though now more and more water supply agencies are being privatized.

Three main sources of water can be considered as substitutes for contaminated water: groundwater, rainwater, and surface water. Much has been written about these sources, so this chapter offers only a brief review, with key references.• Groundwater is largely free from harmful bacteria and fecal contamination, though a poorly designed or constructed well can become contaminated from surface water. To prevent this, wells should be grouted around the borehole, and finished at the surface with a concrete platform, with good drainage away from the well.

Conclusion:

Thus, we can say that Safe Water Technologies has to be used protecting atmosphere and water pollution. Safe Water Technologies also protect human for diseases. Government has to supply the pure water for the poorest people in developing countries.

Download Safe Water Technologies 2012 Civil Project Report.

This Retrofitting Of Rc Beams With Externally Bonded Simcon Laminates project report presents the results of experimental studies concerning the flexural strengthening of RC beams using externally bonded Slurry Infiltrated Mat concrete (SIMCON) laminates. A total of four reinforced concrete beams were cast and tested in the laboratory over an effective span of 3000 mm. Three beams were strengthened with bonded SIMCON laminate at the bottom under virgin condition and tested until failure; the remaining one beam was used as control specimen. Static responses of all the beams were evaluated in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility ratio, energy absorption capacity factor, compositeness between laminate and concrete, and the associated failure modes.

Comparison was made between the Control specimen and strengthened beam. The results show that the strengthened beams exhibit increased flexural strength, enhanced flexural stiffness, and composite action until failure. The cost of civil infrastructure constitutes a major portion of the national wealth. The rapid deterioration of reinforced concrete structures has thus created an urgent need for the development cost-effective methods for repair, retrofit and new construction.

As the number of civil infrastructure systems increases worldwide, the number of deteriorated buildings and structures also increases. Complete replacement is likely to be an increasing financial burden and might certainly be a waste of natural resources if upgrading or strengthening is a viable alternative.

Conclusion:

SIMCON laminates properly bonded to the tension face of RC beams can enhance the flexural strength substantially. The strengthened beams exhibit an increase in flexural strength of 45.0% as compared to the Control beam (CB1). At any given load level, the deflections are reduced significantly thereby increasing the stiffness for the strengthened beams. A flexible epoxy system will ensure that the bond line does not break before failure and participate fully in the structural resistance of the strengthened beams.

Download Retrofitting Of Rc Beams With Externally Bonded Simcon Laminates FInal Year Engineering Project Abstract/Document.

This Real Time Automatic Irrigation System Project Report is about the Real Time Automatic Irrigation System. The report consists of Introduction, Block Diagram, Interfaces, Soil Moisture Sensor, Solenoid Valve, Relays. The continuous increasing demand of food requires the rapid improvement in food production technology. In a country like India, where the economy is mainly based on agriculture and the climatic conditions are isotropic, still we are not able to make full use of agricultural resources. The main reason is the lack of rains & scarcity of land reservoir water. 

The continuous extraction of water from earth is reducing the water level due to which lot of land is coming slowly in the zones of un-irrigated land. Another very important reason of this is due to unplanned use of water due to which a significant amount of water goes to waste. Agriculture is the oldest occupation in the world. We are unable to make full use of agricultural resources. The main reason is the lack of rains and scarcity of land reservoir water. This project helps in time saving and removal of human error in adjusting available soil moisture levels. The goal of this project is to automate the irrigation system with the help of wireless communication. Before having an automatic irrigation system installed, land owners usually are advised to conceptualize and map out a landscape design plan. This map or blueprint will determine the amount of water each lawn section will need.

The report explained the Real Time Automatic Irrigation System through block diagram. Under interface the sensor, relay and Zigbee interface is defied very clearly and pictorial way. Irrigation is the artificial application of water to the soil usually for assisting in growing crops. In crop production it is mainly used in dry areas and in periods of rainfall shortfalls, but also to protect plants against frost.

TYPES OF IRRIGATION

1. Surface irrigation

2. Localized irrigation

3. Drip Irrigation

4. Sprinkler irrigation

Conclusion:

The Microcontroller based irrigation system proves to be a real time feedback control system which monitors and controls all the activities of drip irrigation system efficiently. The present proposal is a model to modernize the agriculture industries on a small scale with optimum expenditure. Using this system, one can save manpower, water to improve production and ultimately profit.

Download Real Time Automatic Irrigation System Final Semester Civil Engineering Project Report.