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This Btech Final Year EEE Project Report on Energy Efficient Electrical Drives discusses topics on energy efficient electrical drives, the electric drive can be made efficient and ultimately save the electric power. Which affects the economical aspects of the unit and so the industry which using these drives. So by using these efficient drives we can save the energy and also the money which is in terms of the electric bill. The key challenges to increased efficiency in systems driven by electrical machines lie in three areas: firstly, to extend the application areas of variable-speed electric drives through reduction of power electronic and control costs: secondly, to integrate the drive and the driven load to maximize system efficiency: finally, to increase the efficiency of the electrical drive itself.

An electric drive is to convert as a form of mechanical equipment to the electrical energy into mechanical energy and provide electrical control of these processes. The used for motion control, defined as an electric drive. Drive system that the motor and speed control devices belong. Drives will be widely used in industry, where variable speed is required. Since energy must be used with maximum efficiency, because the power consumed by the drive must be at least in the economic performance of industry. Energy-efficient drives are defined as the drives which have maximum efficiency.

Conclusion:

There is a trend for increasing efficiency within the electrical machine itself, but the greatest gains are at system level when the machine is combined with a power electronic converter to create a variable-speed drive. The main barriers to this lie in the initial cost of a variable-speed drive, even though in many cases the payback period is short. Future advances in technology will reduce the capital cost of the drive, and so existing markets will grow and new markets open up. In the future, electric drives will become integral to the propulsion of road transport vehicles, so the need for maximizing their efficiency will become even more pressing than it is today.

Download Btech Final Year EEE Project Report on Energy Efficient Electrical Drives.

This Electrostatic Micro Power Generator from Low Frequency Vibration Such As Human Motion describes the analysis, simulation and testing of a micro engineered motion-driven power generator, suitable for application in sensors within or worn on the human body. Micro-generators capable of powering sensors have previously been reported, but these have required high frequency mechanical vibrations to excite a resonant structure. However, body-driven movements are slow and irregular, with large displacements, and hence do not effectively couple energy into such generators. The device presented here uses an alternative, non-resonant operating mode. Analysis of this generator shows its potential for the application considered, and shows the possibility to optimise the design for particular conditions. An experimental prototype based on a variable parallel-plate capacitor operating in constant charge mode is described which confirms the analysis and simulation models. This prototype, when precharged to 30 V, develops an output voltage of 250 V, corresponding to 0.3 muJ per cycle. The experimental test procedure and the instrumentation are also described.

Energy harvesting micro-generators provide alternative sources of energy for many technical and personal applications. Since the power delivered by such miniaturized devices is limited they need to be optimized and adapted to the application. The associated electronics not only has to operate at very low voltages and use little power it also needs to be adaptive to the fluctuating harvesting conditions. A joint development and optimization of transducer and electronics is essential for improved efficiency.

Conclusion:

An electrostatic micro power generator for low frequency energy harvesting applications. This generator shows 40+W of power output at very low frequency vibration (2Hz). Technologies we developed are: 1) a micro power generator consisting of micro ball bearings to roll with the separation gap control and to keep separation gap constant, and 2) a new electric structure to accommodate miniaturization. The advantage of our design is the high power generation structure of both the controlled gap between electrodes and long-range moving, and the high surface potential electrets structure.

Download Electrostatic Micro Power Generator from Low Frequency Vibration Such As Human Motion Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.

This BE EEE Project Report On Construction Of Transformer describes the principle and construction of transformer in brief. All parts in transformer are explained like Bushings, Conservator tank, Breather, etc. Transformer is a device used to convert electrical energy from one circuit to another circuit without changing the frequency. This process goes by inductively coupled circuits, which are the coils of the transformer. It consists of two coils, primary and secondary coil.

In Principle of Transformer the report discussed about primary coil and secondary circuit and its works. The transformer is based on two principles: first, that an electric current can produce a magnetic field (electromagnetism), and second that a changing magnetic field within a coil of wire induces a voltage across the ends of the coil (electromagnetic induction). Changing the current in the primary coil changes the magnetic flux that is developed. The changing magnetic flux induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The report also explains the details about the construction of transformer along with the main parts which are used in construction. The main parts of transformer are

1. Core construction. 2. Windings. 3. Bushings. 4. Transformer tank. 5. Conservator tank.                            6. Breather. 7.     Buchholz relay.

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors called transformer’s coils. A varying current in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer’s core and thus a varying magnetic field through the secondary winding. This varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (EMF), or “voltage”, in the secondary winding. This effect is called mutual induction.

 BE EEE Project Report On Construction Of Transformer Conclusion:

Mainly we use the step up transformer in the power stations and the step down transformers are used in sub stations, distribution stations.  We can design the transformer by using the above points. Each point is briefly explained in the above points. These are the constructional features of the transformer and the main points in the design of the transformer.

Download BE EEE Project Report On Construction Of Transformer.

This Project Report On Coin Based Mobile Charger is very useful to people who are all using mobile phone without charging condition in public places. This project is very useful for people who use any phone without charge in public places. In this project, all of which are equipped with mobile phones outside your home office for free. The coin-based cell phone charger is very useful for that person to use a coin for the mobile charge carriers. Infrared sensor is an electronic device that measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. Apparent motion is detected when an infrared source with one temperature, such as human, passes in front of an infrared source with another temperature, such as a wall.

The coin based mobile phone charger is very useful to that person for using coin to charge for that mobile. The IR (infrared) transmitter is used to transmit IR signal in the transmitter side. The IR receiver is used to receive the IR signal in the receiver side. Between the IR transmitter and receiver, insert a coin to change the polarity of pulse in SCU input. The SCU is used to converting low pulse to high pulse and that pulse is inverted in inverter. The 555 IC is act as a timer to produces high pulse for particular time period. Again the SCU is used to converting low pulse to high pulse and this output is give to input of driver circuit. Driver circuit is used for provide the sufficient input voltage of relay. The relay will on to activate the 230v charger.

The main merits of the coin-based cell phone charger, Simple and hand efficient. No expensive. No power consumption.

Project Report On Coin Based Mobile Charger Conclusion:

This project is useful for; who are all using mobile phones in outside of home or office without charging condition. The coin based mobile phone charger is very useful to that person for using coin to charge for that mobile.

Download EEE Project Report On Coin Based Mobile Charger.

The Bullet Proof Vest Using Carbon Nano Tubes Report conclude that a revolutionary use of carbon nano-technology in manufacturing bulletproof vests and materials.

Carbon nanotubes are one of the most important applications of nanotechnology. Carbon nanotubes are allotropes of carbon. They are so many possibilities. Among them, individual nanotubes are more important. A carbon nanotube is a graphite one atom thick, to provide a seamless cylinder with a diameter in the order of one nanometer rolled form. This results are nanostructure where the length-diameter ratio of more than 1,000,000. They have extraordinary strength and unique electrical properties. The inherent elasticity of the property has recovered property display. The nano-tubes are produced quickly by spraying a carbon source such as ethanol, and an iron nano catalyst by a hydrogen carrier, and in a furnace at 1200 degrees Celsius. The size of the nano-tube is in the order of a few nanometers, Nano tubes will be categorized as primarily single-walled nanotubes and multi-walled nanotubes. Among them are single-walled tubes will be used for bulletproof vests, which can be used primarily for military applications.

Bullet-proof vests are being woven through the carbon nano-fibers, which are made up of millions of tiny carbon nanotubes starting point for exciting features revealed. A new bullet-proof material is designed and actually re bounds the force of a bullet. Bulletproof materials at the moment are designed to spread the force. The lightweight fiber, that starts from millions of tiny carbon nanotubes to reveal exciting properties of light to fiber. The fiber is very strong, lightweight and easy to absorb energy in the form of fragments at high speed. So it can be used as body amour.

Conclusion:

The report conclude that a revolutionary use of carbon nano-technology in manufacturing bulletproof vests and materials, the concept of the wearer, such as police and the armed forces in a remarkable way, not only blunt the power to change the armed attacker , but also destroying retaliation against them.

Download Bullet Proof Vest Using Carbon Nano Tubes Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.

This Batteries That Charges On Air EEE Final Project Report examines the properties of this unique system in terms of the effects of solubility’s of reactants and products in both non aqueous and aqueous electrolyte solutions.

The carbon based Li-ion batteries used currently fall short in meeting the requirements of utilization for renewable energy, electrification of transportation, smart grid and portable devices with regard to energy density, power density and cost. Metal/air batteries use oxygen directly from the atmosphere to produce electricity. The cathode active material, oxygen, does not have to be stored in the batteries, which allows for higher total energy capacity in a smaller designed package. Very high energy density can be achieved due to essentially unlimited cathode capacity. Our model predicts that the overall theoretical energy density of polymer electrolyte Li/air battery could be as high as 2790 Wh/kg and 2800 Wh/L, which is comparable to gasoline-air combustion engines. In past decades, various metal/air batteries have been investigated; however, three major challenges still prevent Li/air batteries from practical application. The oxygen reduction and evolution both take place on the cathode and the effective and long-lasting bi functional cathodes have not been developed yet. In order to reduce the products of the discharge, such as Li2O2 and Li2O, effective catalysts have to be discovered. Lastly, Li2O2 or Li2O are not soluble in the non-aqueous electrolyte currently used by researchers. They will clog the pores of the cathodes and eventually seize the cell. Focusing on these issues, we have conducted our initial investigation on cathode architecture, catalyst, electrolyte and the performance of the Li/air cells developed in out lab. We will discuss our results and share our vision for the future of this technology.

Batteries That Charges On Air EEE Final Project Report Conclusion:

The lure of extremely high specific energy and specific capacity is the impetus for recent advanced research on Li-air batteries. In non aqueous electrolyte solutions, the specific capacity of the Li-air cell is limited by the precipitation of lithium oxides within the cathode and the solubility of oxygen in the electrolyte solution which affect the transport of oxygen within the interior of the air cathode.

Download Batteries That Charges On Air Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report.

This Project Report On Automated Multistoried Car Parking System discusses in details Automatic Parking Control System. Automated car parking management system is basically architecture, designed in such a way so as to manage many car-park areas in which each car-park area is equipped with an automatic till. Automated multistoried parking system helps to minimize the parking lot. In the modern world, where parking is a huge problem and in this age of miniaturization, it is a very critical need, the waste of space in modern, large enterprises and households, etc. If more than 100 cars have to avoid is turned off, this system proves to be useful in reducing the waste of space. The Automatic Car Parking System enables the parking of vehicles, floor after floor and thus reducing the space used. Here any number of cars can be parked according to demand. This makes the system modernized and resembles a space-saving one.

Automatic Car Parking System is enabled with an entry gate and an exit gate with closed circuit television cameras for capturing the image of the number plate of a vehicle on its way in and out respectively. This system communicates by the medium of internet with a remote control center. This system offers state-of-the-art parking management system that lives up to the requirements of professional and innovative management of modern car parking. In this automated system, we can provide car-parking systems for both ground levels.

Project Report On Automated Multistoried Car Parking System Conclusion:

Automated multistoried car parking system allows for an error-free, fast read, non- alternative to the traditional means of site security. With a variety of transponder form factors that can be mounted on or within the vehicle, people can enter a secured area without opening a door or a window to obtain authorization. By automated car parking management system, we can accommodate more cars in less space. This formula can be applied to almost any city in the world. This is probably the prime reasons why automated car park systems are a very attractive alternative to conventional car parking systems by making use of available space in more efficient manner.

Download Project Report On Automated Multistoried Car Parking System.

The Project Report On Automated Electricity Meter aims to move away from the traditional method of manual reading of electricity meters in which an individual has to physically record the reading. Instead the project proposes to successfully be able to take the meter reading automatically without having a person be physically present while taking the reading, thereby reducing manpower requirement.

An Automated meter is an advanced meter (usually an electrical meter) that records consumption at all instants and communicates the reading information via wireless network back to the central system for monitoring and billing purposes (telemeter) as per the requirement and regulation of the energy supplier. It enables two-way communication between the meter and the central system. Automatic electricity meter reading system is implemented, which provides cost-effective, reliable and interference free data transfer between remote meter reading units and the electric utility control center. The meter reading and management processes are free from human involvement. Based on the existing telephone networks, it is very flexible for utility companies to access, service and maintain this meter reading system. A user friendly and window-based user interface is designed which fully utilizes the personal computer’s terminate and stay resident programming techniques to achieve communications between the remote meter reading units and the personal computers in the electric utility control center.

Project Report On Automated Electricity Meter Conclusion:

The proposed system for energy billing is automatic without human intervention and consumer can directly know the amount he has to pay .So it is both consumer and EB friendly.

In future, this system can be improved by some additional features meeting the consumer requirements like emergency signal from the EB station employees; bill payment acknowledgement alarm etc., by just replacing the transmitter in the consumer side with a transmitter and receiver antenna. The receiver micro controller can be made designated for some other applications also.

Download Electrical and Electronics Engineering EEE Final Year Project Report On Automated Electricity Meter.

This Project Report On Analysis Of Low Dynamic Power Listening Schemes In Wireless Sensor Networks contains general methods for designing low-power wireless sensor network. Various sources of energy consumption in these networks are here and discuss techniques to alleviate the present consumption of energy. Wireless sensor networks are widely used in many important areas such as target detection and tracking, environmental monitoring, industrial process control and tactical purposes.

Wireless sensor networks have used in a variety of applications and has become an attractive location for researchers in recent years. Because of the limited energy storage capability of sensor nodes, energy consumption is one of the most difficult aspects of these networks, and different strategies and protocols to deal unattended with this area. As nodes in wireless sensor networks, usually with a limited power source, energy-efficient operation of the nodes is very important. Although energy savings are appropriate in the communication in different layers of the TCP / IP protocol will be carried out save energy at MAC layer is found, the most effective agent because of its ability, the radio can be controlled directly. Therefore, a permanent network of wireless communications to ensure the sensors, we are in need of a MAC protocol that is capable of energy efficiency is overheard by maximizing the amount of sleep, listen to minimize idling and improve and eliminate the hidden terminal problem or a collision of data packets. In this paper we examine the available energy-efficient MAC protocols for sensor networks emphasize their energy-saving methods.

Project Report On Analysis Of Low Dynamic Power Listening Schemes In Wireless Sensor Networks Conclusion:

It is mainly due to stringent resource constraint both in sensor nodes and in wireless media. Several energy-efficient medium access control protocols both contention-based and reservation-based for the wireless sensor network that have been proposed by the researchers are presented in this report. The design of an optimized MAC protocol for energy efficiency also depended on the actual application. However, no specific MAC protocol has been accepted as a standard. Another reason is the lack of standardization at lower layers (physical layer) and the sensor hardware.

Download Project Report On Analysis Of Low Dynamic Power Listening Schemes In Wireless Sensor Networks.