Introduction to Four Quadrant Chopper Drive for Dc Motor Electronics Project:
There are various methods for controlling the speed of the DC motor but they require huge equipment and they require high additional costs. The proposed method is a four quadrant chopper method which is used for controlling the speed of the DC motor and it is operated by using a microcontroller. By using this method the various in the speed can be adjusted automatically by the microcontroller. In this paper we will see how the microcontroller based design is implemented using a chopper method.
Brief on the working model and design:
In four quadrant operation we find operating modes and in each operating mode the characteristics of the motor changes. In forward motoring mode the current passes through the shafts and the machine tools and the current flows in opposition to the emf induced due to which the torque gets developed. In regenerative breaking mode the torque gets developed in opposition to the current due to which the breaking action gets applied on the motor.
Here the supplied with the control keys like reverse motoring, forward motoring, reverse and forward breaking and incrementing and decrementing and the operator can use any of these for controlling the motor. Here a PWM converter is used which varies the speed of the motor and the input is given to it using a keypad. To drive the chopper device we use a IGBT drive circuit. For this design we will be using an 89C51 microcontroller which has 8KB of flash memory which is best suited for programming our application. The microcontroller program is written in embedded c and is loaded into the flash memory by using keil software.
Conclusions:
The proposed design of chopper method speed control device can even work under large currents. This is effective and the reliable design for controlling the speed of motor. As we are using a microcontroller design the speed adjustments are made automatically. This type of device can also be used in industries for controlling the devices.
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