Category: CSE Seminar Topics

Introduction to Proactive And Reactive Routing Protocols in Ad hoc Networks:

Proactive routing protocols

The  proactive or  the table driven protocols are having the spontaneous and convenient routing for entering into the target which are diagonally aligned towards the routing table of the  different types of the nodes. There is no necessity for these specific protocols which can always hold the static route towards the direction of destination and then the sufficient quantity of the control is been maintained by these type of protocols. Two different types of the protocols are DSDV-destination sequence distance vector and the OLSR- optimized link state routing which also belongs to the table driven protocols.

Reactive routing protocols 

The demand of sensitive or other routing protocols is completely different and varies from the table of routing protocols. Even it’s been proved that they’ll not maintain any type of the static routing data furthermore they’re completely dynamic analogous to that of the routing info. As per the demands the route for the target has been created. The primary and also the major function of this routing protocol is that they can verify this routing info and if the data is similar then it’ll be utilized and in case of mismatch it’ll raise for a few requests for the networks so as to employ the routes towards the target. The routing info that is protected with this specific protocols isn’t static and within the ongoing method if in the least the route is find to be inactive for a few extent, then it’ll vanish and the new routes are been employed primarily based on the necessity and after that these certain protocols are considered for demanded routing protocols. If these protocols are in soft state then they can be maintained everywhere in the routing tables. 

Introduction to Routing protocols of MANET:

The mobile technologies have gained a significant importance these days and this is the major reason behind the development of different applications and features related to the mobile and these applications are used for mobile computing all over the world. The possibilities for the development of current technologies are more likely to happen in case the technology is having demand in the market. Mobile Ad Hoc networks is one of the best technologies when it is compared to the existing mobile technologies as  it has no major necessity of architecture and such type of specific networks are having the capacity of functioning by themselves which can be themselves referred  as the autonomous systems.

 Major function of the MANET is to manage the function of routers as well as the wireless links among them. Routers have a nature of mobility and for this reason they are capable of moving from one location to the another specific location in a diagonal way  towards a virtual graph which has been created by the routers as well as the wireless links.

Presence of the individual nature and a very few operations related to infrastructure the MANET will be able to get connected to any kind version of the internet connection also it could even be functioned and controlled in a separate manner. Mobility of the MANET is already has been proved and in general case it is the nature of the MANET and then there are also a lot of possibilities for the happening of the issues for the route or the link stability, and then there is also a necessity for the appropriate routing of the protocols in case we have to assure the routing stability towards the MANETS.

 There are two different types of the routing protocols such as the proactive routing protocols( table driven) as well as the reactive routing protocols(on demand).

Proactive routing protocols

Destination sequence distance vector routing (DSDV)

AODV Protocol

Optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR)

Reactive routing protocols

Dynamic supply routing protocol (DSR 

Introduction to Adhoc Networks Seminar Topic:

Ad-Hoc networks can be considered as the unique wireless networks that are built themselves which does not need infrastructures like access points because the nodes present within these ad hoc networks are organized themselves that transfers different data packets. The Adhoc networks are even capable of managing the different types of fluctuations and problems that occur suddenly because of Mobility. Nowadays, every application is produced in the form of multimedia data which is entirely based on the effective transmission process through traffic control.

The QoS- Quality of Service aspect is used in to support different types of network applications which is been used as the main domain. For this particular reason, QoS is widely used in the Adhoc based network applications. In the process of classification of protocols the different numbers of protocols are used in order to ensure the quality based applications. For this particular aspect, bandwidth, delay jitter as well as packet losses are the best examples.

1.5 Parameters

1.5.1 Bandwidth

In the internet the process of bandwidth that happened between two different types of points is undefined and unstable. Within this process, when the bandwidth is getting transmitted from one end to the other by competing with its opposite bandwidth then different blockages will take place which directly leads to packet losses and the data present within the networks will be corrupted. If the users of the network are using only small amount of bandwidth in the place of high bandwidth, then that particular network can overcome the bandwidth problems.

1.5.2 Delay jitter

The packets that understand the delay which is totally differed from one packet to the other packet is known as delay jitter. Within the process of sending the packets the receiver need to receive, display as well as transfer the different types of frames at a stable rate which leads to the delay in the performance of the networks.

1.5.3 Data Losses

Based on the type of networks and the problems occurred the data losses will take place in that particular network. Especially in the wired networks like internet the packet loss problems are high which leads to huge data losses among the networks. The losses that took place in the network are showing major impact on the network performance which remains the networks blank. 

Introduction to Wireless LAN Seminar Topic:

The technology of wireless local area network connection will revolutionize the transfer of data in specified area. With fully developed wireless LAN a user can hop around in a building but still be well connected to his data. Wireless LAN transmits and receives data through the medium of electromagnetic waves.

In the field of manufacturing stations, health care, logistics and researchers wireless LAN will enhance their work to great extent.

The configuration of wireless LAN is very simple where a set of PC’s are connected suing wireless adapters. When any two adapters are in the range of other automatically a network is enabled between them for transfer of data without any configuration.

Till date IEEE 802.11 standard is taken as the highest standard in wireless LANs.  Few technologies such as Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum (DSSS), and Infrared technology supports the above standard wireless LAN.

Access points in the server are the points from which wireless LAN users access the data. Hence access point acts as a bridge between Wireless LAN and Ethernet LAN.  Space is the media between user and access point.

In all techniques we use a transmitter and receiver which are necessary to handle the data transfer between user and server.

Wireless LAN has the advantages of roaming but only to a limited area. Speed of wireless LAN is slow compared to LAN. Cost wise both LAN and wireless LAN are almost same. Wireless LAN offers greater flexibility. The security of wireless LAN and LAN are almost same.

Wireless LAN can have one to one operation, one to many Operation and many to many operation

Presently wireless LAN is not used by the many people, but in near future it is sure that this Wireless LAN will have a greater role to play in communication field.

Download Wireless LAN Seminar Report.

Introduction to Animatronics Seminar Topic:

If we combine electronics and animation a new field emerges which has a great role in the field of entertainment this is called as Animatronics. We can consider an example of a mechanized puppet which has limited movements such as movement of jaws or some other parts of its body, these movements are possible either by mechanical process or electronic motors then the effects of these movements of a puppet can be enhanced using animation.

First this concept is used by Walt Disney in their Disneyland for creating the life like creatures out of Dinosaurs and few extinct animals. We can also consider the movies of JAWS, E.T as examples of Animatronics.

Animatronics process is done in 4 levels as follows:

Design Process: – Characters look, Type of movements and also number of movements; message conveyed in a move, Time frame to complete the work and budget are main things under design process.

Sculpting: –  Here the finalized deign of a creature is given a three dimensional shape using art work, reference photos, models, similar look alike.

Mould making: – This department prepares moulds for the 3 D sculpture. It’s a painstaking process and requires utmost precision. Whether the mould should produce one piece or multiple pieces should be decided. 

Armature fabrication: – Other parts of the body where movements are there, those parts are fabricated with metal and required bearings or motors are fitted at right places for precise movements. This process is marriage of both technology and art.

Costuming: – Tailoring the garments for the creature. The movement of various parts should be considered in this process.

Programming: – This is the most rewarding step as all the moves of the creature and its facial effects accordingly should be coordinated and difficult animated actions should be shown using the creature. 

At the end we can conclude that to build an animatronics creature requires specialized skill set and technical knowledge along with good investment. We can take animatronics as career but we should have a team with specialization in mechanical & electrical & electronics Engineering, Radio controls, Sculpture / Casting etc. with above resources one can create wonders with animatronics.

Download CSE Seminar Report on Animatronics.

Introduction to Wireless Fidelity Seminar Topic:

Wi-Fi is the buzz word in internet connectivity world. Wi-Fi stands for wireless fidelity; it’s a radio technology using which computers can access internet without any wires. We can also at times call it as wireless LAN because it is based on same standard of IEEE 802.11 specifications.

It operates just like any wired network but without any wires. This gives the flexibility of internet connectivity while the user is moving. Wi-Fi technology can be termed as the best compared to Bluetooth and 3G technologies. To develop Wi-Fi technology further in future a group of working companies had formed for setting the standards of working.

The main components of Wi-Fi are stations, AP’s, nodes. Any system that is equipped with wireless network device is called as station.     An AP is one which bridges between wired network and a station. A channel of a device which helps in one-to-one connection is a port.

Industry standard in wireless fidelity is use of radio frequency. The advantages of RF is it can travel to longer distances without getting week and even if obstructions come such as wall it passes through them.

If we want to design a Wi-Fi we need to have knowledge on the characteristics of RF such as Reflection, Absorption, Geometric spreading loss, path loss, multi-path, low frequencies and high frequencies and how it works.

Wi-Fi is vastly used in homes, areas where public gathering is more such as airports, railway stations etc and in businesses of both large and small. 

Download Seminar Report on Wireless Fidelity.

Introduction to Latest CSE Technical Seminar Topic On IP address spoofing:

Before understanding the IP address spoofing we need to know what an IP address consist of:

Ip address consist of

A network address and a host address.

Eg.132.139.100.1 where number that is red is network address and number that is orange is host address.

So what exactly we may thing this Ip stands for:

A Ip generally stands for Internet Protocol

In normal days we here IP,…IP.. Everywhere .It is due to this IP we can determine the location of person.

Now the next question that comes in our mind is what the term spoofing stands for?

A spoofing for a given Ip can be thought like

Your original Ip is : 132.139.100.1

And then you spoof your original Ip as: 232.199.400.2

Now the receiver does not get the original Ip address

Now how we use this IP address spoofing in real life or see in real life.

We hear sometime in newspapers that, this company system is being misused or their data is replaced by some other data.

So what makes this entire thing possible a one possible situation is   IP address spoofing .Thus now what we say as secure system may due to this work as a unsecure system.

Eg.By spoofing the IP address of a trusted system or machine we may authenticate a target machine even without user id or password. 

A general fact is IP address spoofing is done by particular person with some malicious intention in his mind. 

A real life example of some organization

Suppose you work in some top company and your manager is one authority to make decision and he needs to speak to his main boss

Now how IP address spoofing come into picture.

The person who attacks the system would change the Ip address and make it similar to manager of the company and now it will automatically request information in the network say the organization main boss. Now there is a maximum possibility that your main boss will reply to the concern request since he feel that request is from genuine person where in real sense it is not.

Download Latest CSE Technical Seminar Topics On IP address spoofing.

Introduction to Intrusion Detection System:

 Now a day we speak about, like someone is trying to misuse my system.   A system may be can considered as as standalone or in a network. Thus in real sense our system may be misused in any physical location or as part of some network or through any remote location and so on .

The above concept in in technical terms known as Intrusion. 

Now what we need to do ,is to find a solution to the problem of what we term as Intrusion .So first thought that comes in mind is,we need to have  some mechanism that will try to detect this problem and find a solution.

A technical person in that situation will think to create a software .

The software that was created to solve the problem known as Intrusion is known as Intrusion Detection System. 

Now we know what a Intrusion is and what a Intrusion Detection System is  .Our next goal is to know as to where,why and whensuch system need to be implemented. 

1)In Big Organization :-Why –Since big organization have all their sensitive data stored in some database in a network .These network are more prone to attack and to deteck such attack Intrusion Detection System is used . 

Now what is the reason of what we call Intrusion Detection System as some advance users of computer may say ?

At first thinking we may feel that their thought are correct .

Reason is they think we already have a firewall in my system that would block all unnecessary things .

Why and how IDS become useful

A firewall cannot detect to maximum extend of application level attact .

A self attack by firewall or it is possible (we  say my explorer hanged due to firewall) thus IDS can monitor the network to maximum extent and can then perform analysis using statistics for all such abnormal activity. 

The only pitfall of IDS is it need some human intervention, its not fully automated to identify attack.

Download Intrusion Detection System CSE Seminar Report.