Category: CSE Seminar Topics

Introduction to GSM Technology Seminar Topic:

Access method:

GSM system uses TDMA which is digital transmission technology. In this, a number of users can access a single radio frequency channel to communicate without interference. This is done by allocating a unique time slot to each user within each channel. 

Narrow band vs broad band:

The GSM specifications are decided on narrow band TDMA. This is because of the disadvantages of broad band. First is each cell will contain a large number of carriers and each site use the same set of frequencies which provides simple planning for the individual operator. This will decrease the initial cost per site, but sets a limit for expansion of the networks.

Performance characteristics of GSM:

GSM system supports mobile and wireless communication of voice and data. It can be accessed globally. A chip card enables different service providers to works on same device. I has good frequency efficiency, small cells can allow large number of customers to communicate. The quality of voice and data is very good even in trains, cars, etc. It has security functions also like PUK code.

Services provided by GSM:

Three types of services are provided by GSM system. These are Telephony services, bearer or data services, and supplementary services.

Different types of subscriber advanced services are call bearing, Calling and Called Line Identification (CLIP), prevention against display of calling or called number (CLIR), call waiting and call hold-indication of incoming calls during conversation and the ability to switch to this without dropping the first one, multi-party calls with up to six parties, voice mails, data calls, GPRS internet on mobile, short message service, multiple subscriber number.

Download  GSM Technology Seminar Report .

Introduction to Seminar Report on GSM Architecture:

History of GSM:

The cell based mobile radio system was first thought of at the Bell Laboratories in USA in the early 1970s. During the early 1980s the analog telephone systems grew in Europe, particularly in Scandinavia, UK, France and Germany. The countries developed their own systems which were different in functioning, so they were incompatible with others. This situation was not good for marketing of mobile equipments. To resolve these problems, Conference of European Posts and Tele Communication (CEPT) formed in 1982. The Grouped Special Mobile in order to develop a pan-European mobile cellular radio system. In 1989, the responsibility for GSM specifications passed from the CEPT to the European Telecommunications Standards Institute(ETSI). The commercial use of GSM started around mid 1991, and by 1993 there were 36 GSM networks in 22 countries. Over 200 GSM networks are operational in 110 countries. GSM now stands for Global System for Mobile Communications.

GSM – Basis of current mobile system:

GSM is a second generation standard developed to provide voice services and data delivery using digital modulation. It was introduced by European telephone exchange offices. It uses frequency ranges of 900, 1800, and 1900MHz. Voice is transmitted through the bandwidth of 3.1KHz and data connections with up to 9.6Kbits/s. It provides Short Message Service(SMS).

GSM system specifications:

In 900MHz GSM system, the uplink frequency band is 890MHz to 915MHz and downlink frequency band is 935MHz to 960MHz, duplex distance is 45MHz, carrier separation is 200KHz, transmission rate is 270Kbps, TDMA access method is used. In 1800MHz GSM system, the uplink frequency band is 1710MHz to 1785MHz and downlink frequency band is 1805MHz to 1880MHz, duplex distance is 95MHz, carrier separation is 200KHz, transmission rate is 270Kbps, TDMA access method is used.

Download  Seminar Report on GSM Architecture .

Introduction to Seminar Topic on Fault Localization by Using Probe in Computer Networks:

The Fault Localization is the identification of the location where faults occurs. It leads to malfunctioning of the system. The project is about the detection and trouble shooting of the fault by the method called Probing. Probes are the detection transport which is specific and go through the network. We used the active probe that can detect the fault localization. We focus on building a tool with proper architecture and design.

The Fault Management has to solve the following problems.

1. The identification for presence of failure in the network.
2. To detect the Fault Localization exactly the element which has failed and its cause.
3. To separate the Fault and let the system or network run without any interruption.
4. The reconfiguration of the network which reduces the influence of the fault by restoring the stopped connection.
5. To replace the fault element with new element.

The Fault Localization consists of Error which is the incorrect sequence that occurs. The Fault can be generated from one or more error. This Error develops and enhances the failures of the system. The failures can be seen with some defects called Symptoms.

The Fault detection is very important aspect in Network Fault Management. Though the Fault in the Network system is always occur, the early identification and its separation can make system more vigorous, dependable, connective and working. But huge Network systems, the Fault detection is difficult.

The Fault Management has two types.

1. Passive approach: This approach is to detect the fault location based on the signals received by network system.
2. Active approach: This approach is regular checks of the status of the network system that works properly or not.

The Probing technique is the active approach of fault location is determined by the status of the system provided by the probe. The effectiveness of fault localization is based on the various Probes and its route. 

Download  Seminar Report on Fault Localization by Using Probe in Computer Networks .

Introduction to Seminar Topic on Wireless LAN:

The Local Area Network is the connection and network of the computers in a limited area of about 1 kilometer. The analysis stage of the LAN consists of observing the trouble and troubleshooting, to focus on the work of the system. The design phase requires the understanding of specification that has to match. The design includes the sketches and paper work of the system network. It has to be initiated with the overview for the installation. The application of the LAN can be explored by first physically installation of hardware, active cables for connection, installation of the software.  To use the applications of LAN the personnel should be trained. The system network has to go for the testing and debugging to match with all required specifications and its assets. The security is tested by simulated hacking and intuitions. 

The system operation and Maintenance stage is utmost required to overcome in the stage of broke down of the network which leads to the shutdown of the network. This can be achieved by the expert staff to observe on the network. The maintenance and operation requires the voltage limit specifications, the connector’s specifications, the accessibility of the electrical appliances and the circuits.

The Network regulates the paths of the data by instructing the domain address for route messages.  The domain address mentions the location of the address and specifies the transfer of the packet data from one end to the other end in the network.

The transport facility is done by the interface for communications to the high level. The Upper layers gives this facility to not be interrupted from the below hardware network and topology. The tough protocols are made for the Upper layer. The protocols connect the remote systems by this layer. The security questions like Password are being asked in the Upper layer. The presentation, encryption and the compression are mentioned in the Upper layer.

The application layer is the user interface software that includes the remote login, the file transfers to the network, e- mails and the web page browsing.

The LAN networks are of different types- Ethernet, Token ring, FDDI.

Download  Seminar Topic and Report on Wireless LAN .

Introduction to Technical Topic on Ohm’s Law Communication:

The Project is the work of study about the description of constructing and establishing of electronic circuits, instruments, maintenance and troubleshooting of the computerized systems, installation of the applications, to make and then host of the website, procuring the electronic devices and other related software’s. 

While developing the electronic circuits everything must be sort out for the need of any instruments required and removed and observation of the finishing of construction, the whole construction has been done on the stage or a electronic establishment board. 

The construction stage or board is of three different types: 1. Strip, 2. Matrix and 3. Printed circuit board. For this study we consider the Printed circuit board because of its easiness, accurate and neat structure and construction. I had got the better understanding of production of Printed circuit board. The Printed circuit board is made up of copper; the board possesses the printed electronic components. The electronic circuit’s production is easy and following:

1. Clean the copper board by washing till the white surface appears.
2. Print the system designed circuit on the board.
3. Ironing of the circuit on to the board.
4. To separate the circuit that has designed from the nylon.
5. Make the perfect circuit size with minimum size.
6. Wash the carbon from the board with the help of Sam paper. 

Integrated Circuits 

The Integrated Circuits or IC’s are highly complex circuits which has constructed in the minute chips of Semiconductor or Silicon. The semiconductor IC is hold in the plastics which possesses Pins separated by 0.1” or 2.54 mm grids that has fix the holes on the Printed circuit board. The IC is mounted on the circuit after the soldering of chip holder or Dual in line socket on the board. The different types of IC’s are:

1. CMOS logic
2. TTL
3. ANALOG IC
4. PIC 

The PIC is the Erasable read only memory (EPROM) and Printed Read only memory (PROM).

Download  CSE Technical Report on Ohm’s Law Communication .

Introduction to Virtual Linux Server seminar Topic:

The internet has expanded around the world and the internet servers have to fill the huge support like never in the past. The active clients have been grown and equally get in connection with the server at same time. The users and also workload has extremely expanded. The companies are therefore ready to provide the quick solutions and 24 hours availability to their users for the continuous business solutions. The requirements of the systems for their users are highly recommended. This can be provided as mentioned below.

1. Scalable: The server has made scalable or measurable to compare the requirement of the users or clients.
2. 24 hours available: The server must be available and meet the client’s requirement for 24 hours even it is in some failures.
3. Manageable: The system is very distant and large then also it has to be manageable.
4. Cost effective: The system should be affordable. 

The only server is unable to handle this job. On the other side the update of the server is difficult. The more up gradation of the server shall be more financial concerned. To overcome this group of the server with connection to speed network has come up as an active architecture to construct more measurable and deliver services. The slightly coupled architecture are more measurable, less cost and more dependable as compared with the multi coupled architecture. The various servers dealt with the clients and their requirements in an measurable support. The Linux Virtual Server (LVS)provides the answer to this problem. 

The Linux Virtual Server is used as software tools the links the Network connections to the multiple servers which are meant for taking up the workload. The LVS is applied as highly measurable, available and valuable services. The LVS prototypes have been introduced to handle websites of the more workload on the Internet like the Linux portal linux.com, sourceforge.net, UK National JANET Web Cache Services. 

The LVS establishes the connections between the Network connections to servers as per the scheduling algorithms by providing the services of the Cluster as a virtual support in a single IP address. The client is able to communicate to all clusters like a single server. The client needs not to be modified. The Scalability also get by combining or replacing the node in the cluster. The high availability is delivered by identifying the node and daemon failures by the system reconfiguration.

Download  Seminar Report on Virtual Linux Server .

Introduction to Cyber ware Seminar Topic:

The Cyber ware is the phenomenon that is probably not available in the dictionary. The Cyber ware may call as the Techno- junkie pipe dream. This is the invisible computer interface with no data input, no eye strain, no backache, and no concentration on the screen. This is about the simple sleep by putting the data jack and think of the computer actions. This field is very much new and innovative. The Cyber ware currently known to have some hardware with computer programs and combined into the body that has connections between the central nervous system and the brain. 

The current active Cyber ware is of two kinds. The Interfaces and Prosthetic. 

Interfaces : The Interface also known as Head ware. The Interface has directly connection with brain. However this Cyber ware is very hard to apply but has the great feature of connecting via brain. The principle applies here the thoughtful Input and Output on the brain.

The Interface work is to receive the Input from the brain and transcript into the computer language and then the computer translates the language into meaningful thoughts to persons. Many Institutes has been researching on the direct neural interfaces. Firstly the analysis has to be performing in the laboratory animals and perform experiments of the tissues and its activities. The current trend of research is focusing on the electrical impulse monitoring, which is recorded and translated into other electrical signals which are transmitted by the brain. There is ongoing research on the hands free mouse or keyboard to do computer operations. The brain signals are used for these functions. The technology is called Brain- Machine Interfaces (BMI).

Prosthetic : The Prosthetic Cyber ware also called Body ware. This is more advanced than the past prosthetic. The new advanced Prosthetic has potential to provide the natural functions and looks. The Prosthetic Cyber ware is now integrated with Microprocessors for example the Artificial Limb which is able to control the movements that limb is embedded into the nerve ends of a person. The processors integrated with the My electric arms has given the perfection in the movements of the Prosthetic. 

The conclusion of the project Cyber ware is that the field has already started before few decades with the invention of Cochlear implant. But it makes the cells less sensitive. The current Cyber ware is much more advanced in functions like the Prosthetic integrated with the speech processor which is connected with the speech centers of the brain.

Download  CSE Seminar Report on Cyber ware Seminar Topic.