CSE Project Reports - 1000 Projects

September 29, 2012

Types of Biometrics Systems

Types of Biometrics

Finger prints:

For an individual the patterns of friction ridges and valleys on fingertip’s are unique. Fingerprints are unique for each finger and this uniqueness is followed in case of twins also. Finger print recognition devices are the most commercially available biometric tools for both desktops and laptops. Fingerprint systems are also used in identification tools. Many countries are ensuring that all the people should enroll in the fingerprint systems in threat of fake applicants for many social activities. Recent surveys came up with a new result that “New York State has over 900,000 people enrolled in such a system”.

Face recognition:

Now-a-days identification of a person using face features has become the most widely used biometric application. The particular facial image is captured by few high end technologies and techniques where a less expensive camera and visible spectrum are combine used as a set to capture the images that will emmet the infrared patterns of the desired face objects. By using a wide range of cameras the visible portion of the face can be

captured that are not affected by the change in time and also avoiding few typical and unconditional features like hair and expressions of face.

Iris recognition:

The colored area that surrounds the pupil of eye is used as input for Iris recognition. The patterns of Iris are really tough and complicatedly unique. Video based acquisition system are used to capture the iris patterns. Iris recognition system and it’s technology works good for both identification and verification modes. In this particular case there is no mandatory condition that a physical coordination is required with the desired biometric machine that is being used across. This particular recognition system is widely used and practically demonstrated in many cases and could have greatly managed to give results that shows differences in different races and groups across the world.

Hand and Finger geometry:

Hand and Finger geometry are the well established personal identification methods and since twenty years hand recognition systems are available in the biometric market. The physical characteristics of the finger or hand are required for personal authentication process. Typical feature of hand like length, width, height and surface area of hand can be considered for these traditional ways studying the biometrics.

Signature verification:

The speed, angle used to sign and the pressure applied by a particular person is used for this signature verification technology. This particular method of signature verification can be implemented in may online services

like e-commerce and e-business suites, where there is a very high scope of security needed while doing many economical and financial transactions that occur online. Few example include online shopping, credit card acceptance systems also use these signature verification systems.

September 29, 2012September 29, 2012

Introduction to Biometrics

Biometrical is the process of identifying a person based on few intrinsic behaviors both physical and mental. In the latest trend of IT world, we can say that biometrics can be used a more secured form of identity and recognition access management and access control. It is also used to identify human groups. Characteristics of Biometrical can be classified in to two types as below

Physiological Biometrics

Physiological Biometrical are related to the shape of the body. Few examples are fingerprints, face recognition and DNA.

A biometric system can be used for the following two modes

Verification

The biometric proof that was captured is stored in a template form and can used in a similar way how a smart card, user name or ID number systems work and follows the same methodologies for the verification and authentication process.

Identification

A particular sample of biometric template is taken and compared with many samples available in the huge biometric database. A biometric database contains all the pre-defined and enrolled templates. This comparison results positive results only when the template being compared is already available in the huge database, and if it does not match, this matching result will be the base for catching the wrong authenticated entity across the biometric system being implemented.

The process of using the biometric system for the first time is called enrollment. Individual information is stored during the enrollment process. Note that it is crucial that storage and retrieval of such systems themselves be secure if the biometric system is to be robust. Below is the basic block diagram of a typical biometric system.

Sensor is the interface between the system and real word and this is the one which acquires the actual data. Most of the times it is an image acquisition system, but it can change according to the characteristics desired.

The second block i.e pre-processing removes the unnecessary artifacts from sensor and performs normalization like removing the noise from the speech to improve the input from the sensor.

The main operation of third block is to extract the feature needs and we can say this step is the most important one as there is a large scope for extracting the exact features in an optimal and cost effective system. A typical template is created by a number of tools like vectors, and these vectors considers many characteristics of an image that was captured for the purpose of biometric study.

A template can be explained as simple blue print of the characteristics that were captured from the original source of image. Few typical elements of the this particular measurement of biometric samples are not considered in the comparison algorithm of the template being used, to decrease the size of the file and also to ensure that the enrollee is protected in all the possible ways.

Use for Biometrics

A typical Biometric applications is not only used to study the human authentication process, but also can be used to study the character and behavior changes of animals too. A typical example for the same is , a biometric system can be implemented to trace the race of a horse and also there is common biometric system in place where the famous pedigree company uses to check whether any dogs are being imported illegally.

September 29, 2012

Automobile Inventory Management System Project Report

Introduction to Automobile Inventory Management System Project:

Now-a-days in every field usage of computer has become more mandatory it is an electronic device which has made a huge difference in every one’s life. Based on the drive of technology this decade is called as the period of Information technology. This has taken a important place in this world that no one can lead their life without the computer.

This consists of two components which is hardware and software. Keyboard, mouse, monitor comes under hardware, operating system and all the related programs comes under software. A decade ago the usage of computer was only for engineers and scientists but now everyone are using the computers and it has become a part of their life. With this it has become an important factor for everyone to know how to build a information system that is computer based application.

Apart from that the initialization of the programming languages which is platform independent and also the object oriented language as this has changed a lot in the programming logics and styles. For building the computer application .Net has acquired a huge name and also has become an important factor or language tool among all other languages. The initial work that has to be done for building the application is analysis of the requirements this is very important.

In this process one can gather the user requirements of what and how they are expecting the application to be, this makes easy for the developer to develop novel application. These requirements must be in detailed, quantifiable and also must be relevant. There is a process of developing the application in the software engineering and in this such requirements are called as the functional specifications.

Before developing a flow chart makes that easier which step has to go if the condition is yes and if which step if the condition is no. This deals with complete information on how the application can be designed.

Download Automobile Inventory Management System Project Report .

September 29, 2012

A Project Report on Automated Share Transaction System

Introduction to Automated Share Transaction System Project:

The Automated Share Transaction is the best application for those who are interested in buying and selling of shares this also helps in expanding the customer’s activities for automating operations. As there are various companies in the field of shares the customer has to register with the company initially and with that the customer or user gets an registration number which is an unique number. With this unique customer identification number the user can make or plan all the required operations.

The essential modules of project are registration of the novel customer, request form for buying or selling of shares, data server which operates the application, retrieving of the transaction records, editing customer details and regular updation of the shares information. This application gives the access only to the register customers and it is essential for the user to register and the complete process is done through internet.

For any kind of transaction the user doesn’t have to pay any kind of payment to the broker as through these application only users who are authorized can make transactions that is buy or sell the shares. After every transaction the details stores in the system for future reference. Verification is the important part of this application as user has to enter all the details which helps in authentication. Latest updates can be received if user enters the primary and secondary details.

Authentication offers password mechanism and security of the user information and share details. A simple application form makes the user to enter the complete details and this helps the user to get all the required information.

System Requirements: Operating System: Windows XP/VISTA, Server: Tomcat, Backend Database: MsAccess, Platform: Java/J2EE.

Download A Project Report on Automated Share Transaction System .

September 29, 2012

Evaluating Biometrics

Evaluating Biometrics

Biometric industry is one of the main industries which is growing rapidly in the recent years .The necessity of this industry occurred when there was drastic incident which took place in USA on twin towers on sep11 made to think about this industry. but still many of the industrialists are unwilling to put in into this evolving technology due to this the industries are producing products which are unsatisfied this is proven by the recent article which is published byWashington Business Journal “biometrics is an industry which is disjointed, and is the next evolution in security, with many organizations trying variety of things”.

Metrics and performance criteria:

Since biometrics deals about security system it should be done with high concentration and demanding to offer different credentials, authentications and other conformations to the biometric systems. Different type of mechanism delivers different results which is viewed .and the best part of these are processed for captured for solutions whatever may be the methodologies .these biometric tools performance can be evaluated by few words this can be explained by example when a client of censoring fingerprints who displays in portal as “0.0%false avoiding rates” And some other full-fledged standards maintained and this can act as a performance evaluators in the biometric systems. But three are very crucial in evaluating these performances which are quoted below.

False Match Rates (FMR):

FMR gives the ratio when the current user identification is verified with another registered identification of the current underlying system. it can be taken as the fake being is identified as rightful user. This is the common error occurred and it easily solved with minimum control on error rates.

False Non-Match Rate (FNMR):

FMR is statistic used to measure biometric performance. Similar to the False Reject Rate (FRR), this is done when particular identification is not matched with the other registeredtemplate and huge false rate results may give zero production and also leads to client depression.

Failure-to-Enrol Rate (FTE):

The rate that attempts to create a template from an input is unsuccessful. This is most commonly caused by low quality inputs. Like expandable characteristics which is given during identification process. That means for new client system is unable to deliver the process it affects the mental nature than physical nature.

For every procedure mostly three trails should be done and all the metric rates will create a force in different ways and this relies on no of iterations done on these processes. FNMR and FTE play a key role in accessing the biometric routines and hence these two are very important.

Several methods for generating cancellable biometrics have been proposed.

Conclusion:

All the above study indicates that the importance of biometrics is vast in the present day world and even it is clear that biometrics are playing a vital role in the daily routine of the human beings. In the present generation the usage of biometric systems for user authentication has become common. In providing security for the users from the fake users or hackers and attackers these biometric applications plays a lead character, that means the technology used is very important in proving required security for the end users. Because of the present society and with the usage of advanced technologies the frauds are also increased in advanced level.

These frauds can be addressed by using the biometric systems in a better way. Biometrics introduces better and sophisticated technologies that can provide good benefits for the users. There for day by day the importance and usage of biometric systems is increasing in the world. The popularity of biometrics is spreading in a wide range. Biometrics systems can secure data in a good manner and along with this even it can be worked in other areas where security is needed. The features of biometrics will become advanced in the coming generation due to the fastest establishment of advanced technologies in the world.

September 29, 2012

Use of Biometrics

The applications based on the biometrics are used in many areas where user identification and verification are necessary for authenticating the user from fake users. Even using these applications will offer many advantages. Near the gateways where authentication is necessary for the people then these biometric applications are used to identify the person who is authorized. A person is verified for making him authorized and proves him as he; this is also used to identify the identity of a person in many unsafe contexts. It is a fact there is a problem with the physical identification systems like tokens, ATM cards and Id cards can be theft or lost.

There are more chances for frauds in such cases but using the biometric approaches there is such challenges to be faced. Even the passwords used for the authentication personally in some cases can be forgotten easily and sometimes they may be hacked by the intruders. In present day world internet has become a part in our day to day life and a result the frauds caused by the intruders and hackers by means of internet has also been increased and thus using these biometric based application can provide security in this kind of issues.

In general passwords are used as identification proofs for personal identification of users in e-commerce and e-transactions. These typesof passwords are used by the users and there are many chances for forgetting these pass words and so they are always warned to remember those passwords. Not only passwords few authentication metrics like pin numbers used for ATMs and templates used for personal authentications are posed to create multiples. These are considered as the most secure means of authentication. In the present world authentication for the end users is provided by using several authentication techniques by the implementation of the biometric systems. Users are offered with high level security which is very much sophisticated in providing authentication for the users.

To be frank no biometric identification system is perfect, because each and every type of biometric system has its own disadvantages along with the advantages. The approach of biometric based user authentication is success because of the uniqueness in each and every approach which cannot be similar to any others and the other factor for the success of the biometric systems is they are user friendly in nature. Even the process that is followed in biometric systems is easy to implement and also quick to complete, for example conversation in a microphone, taking a picture in video camera or sensing the fingerprint scanner etc.

September 29, 2012

Various Types of Biometrics

Biometrics is of different types and they are as follows:

Fingerprints: Generally the fingerprints of a person will never match with the fingerprints of any other person and this is due to the friction valleys and ridges that exist on the fingers. This indicates that the ridges and valleys on the fingers of a person will not match with any other person. Even in case of twins also the fingerprints will be different for each other and this is because of their uniqueness. There are some devices for recognizing the fingerprints and those devices are mostly available for the laptops and desktops and these devices are considered as the best commercial biometric tools. This fingerprint authentication process is ensured by many countries, the people of many countries are ordered to enrol their fingerprints in to the systems for making secured social activities. This approach of biometrics based fingerprint authentication is mainly used for providing security for the users from fake applicants.

Face Recognition: Face recognition is one of the biometric applicationsand this is mostly used approach now-a-days. The face features of a person are used for identifying that particular person in the process of authentication. There are some special and advanced techniques and technologies are used to capture some of the unique facial features of a human being. The required facial features and the infrared patterns that are capture by using a combination of less cost camera and spectrum that is visible (Lynch, 2009). The usage of cameras in a wide range can capture the visible area of the face and these areas are not disturbed by the variations in time and even some of the unconditional and typical features such as expressions and hair are also avoided. The facial images are modelled in the spectrum that is visible by using many approaches and they are Local Feature Analysis, elastic graph theory, Principal Component Analysis, multi-resolution analysis and neural networks. Working with the facial recognition also includes some challenges and they are detecting a mask, lessening the influence of variable lightening and detecting a photograph.

Speaker Recognition:The speech of the individuals can also make many differences and so this is considered as the traditional application of biometrics. Each and every individual has their own style of speaking and voice cultures and these features will be unique for the individuals. Both the behavioural and anatomy patterns are reflected by these acoustic features. This approach comes under the behavioural biometrics category because the voice templates are incorporated by the known patterns. In speaker recognition there are three types of spoken inputs and they are “text-dependent, text-independent and text-prompted. The text- dependent input is used in most of the speaker recognition applications, where one or more voice passwords are enrolled in the database is involved.

Iris Recognition:In Iris recognition the coloured environment that is surrounded by the people’s eye is taken as the input. These patterns are very difficult and tough similar. These Iris patterns are captured by using the acquisition systems that are based on videos. Both the identification and verification modes are done good using the technologies of the Iris recognition systems. Particularly in this case the requirement of a physical coordination with required biometric systems which are used is not a mandatory condition. In most of the cases this type of recognition systems are used and demonstrated and the results obtained by using these systems will also show variations in different groups throughout the world.

Hand and Finger Geometry: “Hand and Finger Geometry” is one of the personal identification techniques that are established well and these hand recognition systems are considered as the best biometric applications since past twenty years. In this authentication process the physical features of the hand finger of a human being are needed. These physical features may be height, width, surface area of hand, length of the fingerand these are observed for perfect study of the traditional biometric approaches.

Signature Verification:Signature verification is one of the biometric approaches used in many cases. In this technique the signature verification technology uses the speed of signing that a person follows the angle of the sign and the pressure applied by an individual for signing. Generally in the areas of e-commerce and e-business applications there is a lot of requirement of high level security because the financial and economical transactions are done online and so this particular signature verification is used in this case. The signature verification system is also used in case of online shopping and also in case of acceptance systems of credit cards.

September 29, 2012

Applications of Biometrics & Typical Biometric System

Typical Biometric System:

In this process the fingerprints of an individual are scanned and that fingerprints are converted into code using some algorithms and then stored into the database. When the person needs some access to the system or an area then the fingerprints of the person are once again scanned and then converted into code by the system for the identification process. This converted code is compared with the already enrolled codes that are available in the database. If the fingerprints scanned are matched with the existing codes in the database then the particular person is authenticated and given access in to the system or area.

Applications of Biometrics:

Biometrics are used in many applications and some of those applications are single sign-on, data protection, transaction security, network access, application logon, remote access to resources and web security. Biometrics based authentication is mainly used in the applications like e-governance and e-commerce where the process should be done more securely. Individual and personal authentication techniques are used in several sectors like large scale organization networks and also for providing security for the digital information in the areas like Health care applications and Digital Rights Management and also in point-of-sale implementations etc.

Along with the study of human authentication process, these typical biometric applications are also used for the studying the behavioural and character changes in the animals also. For instance, the race of horse can be traced by implementation of the biometric systems and a similar procedure is applied in case of noticing the illegal importing of dogs and this is introduced by the familiar pedigree organization.

September 29, 2012

Overview and Introduction of Biometrics

Introduction:

The procedure followed for identifying a person by depending on the physical and mental behaviours are called as Biometrics, these behaviours come under the intrinsic behaviors In the present day world, due to the trend of IT sector many frauds are done and using the biometrics approach for safe access control and also for the recognition and identity access management. Even the human groups are also identified using this approach of biometrics. Biometrical have few characteristic and they are classified into two kinds as physiological bio metrics and behavioural biometrics. The identifications related to the body shape come under Physiological bio-metrics category and some examples for the physiological biometrics are face features, fingerprints and DNA etc. And the identifications related to the human behavior come under the Behavioral bio-metrics category and few examples for this are gait, typing rhythm and voice etc.

Overview of Biometrics:

The usage of biometric system is done in two modes one is verification and the other one is verification and the other one is identification. The detailed explanation of these two modes is given below:

Verification:

In this mode the biometric proof is used same as like the username, Identity number and smart cards by which the systems works. Even the techniques applied for the authentication and verification procedures are same here also. First of all the biometric proofs are gathered and that captured proofs are preserved in the form of templates and they are used for the similar process.

Identification:

In this mode one particular biometric template is considered and that template is compared with all the other available samples in an enormous biometric database. All the enrolled and predefined templates are preserved in the biometric database. If when the considered template is matched with any off the template that already exists in the database then the result is said to be positive and if there is no match then the authentication is identified as wrong.

Enrolment is procedure of making use of the biometric systems for the first time. During this process of enrolment the information of an individual is stored into the database. If the biometric system is strong then the toughest issues like retrieving the information and storing the information is done more securely.

September 29, 2012September 29, 2012

Programming for the Website Coursework 2 Assignment

1. Module number
2. Module title	Programming for the Web
3. Module leader
4. Tutor with responsibility for this AssessmentStudent’s first point of contact	As above.
5. Assessment	Practical & Report. This assessment assess all learning outcomes.
6. Weighting	75%
7. Size and/or time limits for assessment	Report 1000 words max and source code
8. Deadline of submission Your attention is drawn to the penalties for late submission
9. Arrangements for submission	School Office – Your work must be submitted with the appropriate cover sheet which must confirm that the assignment is your own and has not been submitted for another assessment. You are advised to keep your own copy of the assessment
10. Assessment RegulationsAll assessments are subject to the University Regulations.	n/a
11. The requirements for the assessment	ASP.NET & VB.NET exercise
12. Special instructions	You must demonstrate your work in the lab during your normal lab time on
13. Return of work	Verbal feedback will be available at the demonstration and written feedback will be available from the School office 3 weeks from date of hand-in
14. Assessment criteria	You should not use any third-party scripts.

Programming for the Web

Description

The Edinburgh Secretarial web site was originally developed and implemented in PHP/MySQL and is now being developed in ASP.NET 3.5 using VB.Net for the code behind programming. You are required to implement the Edinburgh Secretarial website in ASP.NET 3.5 according the functional requirements listed below. You will be supplied with an asp.net solution (cw2-tr12010.zip) which will contain most (but not all) of the necessary .aspx pages and resources including all of the images. You should not alter or edit the supplied HTML/ASP markup in any way except as directed in 4.4 below.

Deliverables

a) The original resources you were given completed as per the specification detailed below.

b) A report detailing how you achieved it.

Using AJAX Credit will be given for the correct use of AJAX where appropriate.

Requirements

4.0 Data Storage. You will be supplied with a database called edinsec in the projects App_Data folder which will contain two tables called clients and messages. You should familiarise yourself with the table structures and decide which additional fields you want to add to the clients table. You should install the .NET membership schema into the edinsec database and not in the SQL Server data folder. Note that in the messages table you will need to edit the msgid field and make it auto increment.

User Roles. There are two Role categories of user of the Edinburgh Secretarial web application: (i) client – registered clients, (ii) administrator – the system administrator (superuser). Note that casual browsers, i.e., ordinary members of the public, are not assigned a specific role. The behaviour (functionality) of the pages, and more importantly the navigation options, will be different for each category of user. User roles should be implemented using ASP.NET Membership.

Navigation. Use the supplied .inc files to display the correct navigation options for each category of user using .NET’s membership and role manager. If you do this by simply testing for the existence of a session variable you will lose marks. If an authenticated user is a client (i.e., they are logged in), load navigationM.inc. If an authenticated user is an administrator load navigationA.inc. If the user is not authenticated load navigation.inc.

Authentication. The Edinburgh Secretarial web site uses a Master Page architecture (edinsec.Master). When the site is visited the home page displays as shown below.

The login markup is contained in the header div in the master page and authentication should be initiated here using .NET Membership. On log in the header div an all pages should display as shown – in this example the home page is displayed, for other pages the page indicator will be as appropriate:

Register Page. The Register Page (register.aspx) currently displays as follows:

There are errors in the markup on this page which you need to fix. When fixed the register page should display correctly as follows:

Registrations should be processed as follows. With the exception of the name, organisation, and address fields, all fields should be processed using ASP.NET membership. In processing this data the client’s approved (or active) status should be set to false. You should then retrieve the encrypted UserId from the aspnet_Membership table (installed as part of the ASP.NET membership schema – see 4.0 above) and store it along with remaining fields – name, organisation, and address – in the clients table.

Note: All fields (text boxes) should be validated using an appropriate asp tag – you should not use javascript for field validation.

Contact Page. The Contact page (contactus.aspx) displays as follows:

The Contact page contains a form allowing casual browsers to send ad hoc enquiries. This data should be stored in the edinsec database in a table called messages.

Administrator Tasks. When an administrator logs in the Home page and navigation options will display as follows:

Approve. The Approve page (approve.aspx – to be implemented by you) should display all unapproved (inactive) clients in an appropriate format to be decided by you, the only caveat being that the page should retain the look and feel of all the other pages. The administrator should be able to approve a client by clicking a check box. Once approvals are confirmed the client should be assigned to the client role and the approved field set appropriately.

Enquiries (All). The Enquiries (All) page (enqall.aspx – to be implemented by you) displays all ad hoc enquiries from the messages table and should display as follows (or as close to this as you can get). The respond column should contain a link to start the default mail client.

In the example shown all client messages are displayed on the table, those that have previously been read are marked as such. An administrator can ‘unread’ a message by unchecking it. In the example shown AJAX was used to manage this and update the messages sqlserver table as appropriate. You don’t have to use AJAX but you will get extra marks if you do. If the administrator clicks on a radio button in the Messages columns the message text should be displayed in a new (popup) window.

Enquiries (Unread). The Enquiries (Unread) page (enqur.aspx – to be implemented by you) displays all unread ad hoc enquiries from the messages table and should display as follows (or as close to this as you can get):

The required functionality for this page is the same as that for the Enquiries (All) page.

Client Tasks – My Documents. When a client logs in the home page and navigation options will display as follows:

The My Documents page (mydocuments.aspx) has not yet been implemented. It is your task to do so according to the following requirements:

it should have the same look and feel as all the other pages
all of the clients jobs should be display in a similar format as the ad hoc messages
the information displayed in the table should be:

To achieve this you will need to create a table in the edinsec database and populate it with data. You do not have to do this programmatically but you should retrieve the data programmatically.

Password Recovery. You should implements password recovery using .NET membership.

Report. Your report should contain a brief discussion of the following:

how you implemented your solution
the benefits and drawbacks (if any) of using the .NET membership approach to authentication over the do-it-yourself approach of earlier versions of the .NET framework
the advantages and disadvantages of using frameworks like .NET as opposed to using a ‘loose’ collection of technologies such as MySQL, XHTML, PHP, and JavaScript.

Marking Scheme

New Client Registration: 15 Marks

Authentication and Navigation: 15 Marks

Administrator Tasks: 25 Marks

My Documents: 10 Marks

Password Recovery: 05 Marks

Display Page name in header: 05 Marks

Report: 15 Marks

AJAX: 10 Marks

Total: 100 Marks

You will lose marks if:

You can’t retrieve the encrypted UserId from the aspnet_Membership table (2 marks)
Unvalidated textbox fields (1 mark per field)
Using a session variable test to determine the correct .inc file to load (5 marks)

In order to access and mark your practical assignment the following conditions must be strictly observed.

Your project should be zipped into a file called set11105cw2-<matric number>. For example, if your matric number is 12345678 your zip file will be called set11105cw2-12345678.zip.

You should upload your solution to webCT as per instructions.

There will be no exceptions to this – if you don’t do it your work will not be marked.

Collaboration and Plagiarism

This is an individual piece of assessment and the work submitted should be entirely your own. You are not allowed to collaborate with other students or to copy the work of other students. Your coursework will be electronically checked against all other submissions. In the event of any doubt about authorship you will be interviewed and may be asked questions about any aspect of the work.

Submission

You submission should be handed in to the school office

You will be required to demonstrate your work at your normal lab time and place commencing during week commencing .

Note that your assignment & coversheet should not contain your name, only your matriculation number. Your submission should include your report and a printout of your program listings. You must submit your project in zip format via WebCT. You should keep your own copy of all work submitted.