Category: CSE Paper Presentations

Introduction to Steganography in Images:

This paper is about how to use Steganography, masking, filtering in images in order to protect from piracy.  Steganography is collection of message hiding techniques.

Overview- Steganography in Images

Images Steganography works based on the limitations of human visual system.  Data in images can be hidden in many ways. Least significant bit insertion, masking, filtering, algorithms and transformations are popular images data hiding approaches.  These approaches applied to the images data based on the varying data hiding requirements.

In order to create embedded information in least significant bit insertion technique, the least significant bits of image need to be modified. Images will get marked as like in paper watermarking in order to hide the images data in masking and filtering technique. As a part of Steganography, watermarking extends the image data and provides attributes like license, ownership or copyright details to the image. A Steganographic system also consists of spread-spectrum techniques like direct sequence and frequency hopping, which can be useful to hide the images information. Patchwork technique is an ideal images watermarking technique. This technique is working based on pseudorandom number sequence.

In image processing more robust techniques are cropping and rotating, but it depends on the cost of message size. Watermark will be readable even if the image is cropped. In predetermined manner, hidden throughout the image can be takes place by the techniques encrypt and scatter. Algorithm and stego-key techniques are helpful to decode the extracted message bits. 

Conclusion:

Digital images encoding is one of the popular Steganography techniques. Now-a-days, Steganography software is readily available in internet. This paper discussed about the different approaches used for image hiding. Steganography plays an important role in providing security to valuable media.  With the help of Steganography, one individual can secure his\her artistic creations.  Along with the cryptography if we want to provide more security to our data, we can make use of Steganography. 

 Download CSE Seminar Report on Steganography in Images.

Introduction to Development of Voice over WIFI Integrating Mobile Networks:

This white paper is about the emerging convergence between WiFi technologies and cellular mobile technologies. This convergence can be seen as one of the emerging market which has capability to impacts telecommunication service providers and policy frameworks. Also explains about the VoWiFi handsets which enable the chance of mild roaming data and voice between WiFi and 3G. 

Voice over WiFi :

VoWiFi provides voice over WiFi.  VoWiFi comes into light as there is an increase in roaming between WiFi and mobile networks, significantly with 3G.  Joining of VoIP and WiFi helps to reduce the voice services cost and also helps to meets the increased roaming services and for accessing broadband services.

WiFi and VoWiFi impacts 3G Development:

VoWiFi, or VoIP over WiFi, helps users to access data and video at  low cost and also allow them to make voice calls.  3G services will be impacted a lot in the way it structured and priced with the development of VoWiFi service.  The data transfer speed in 3G is about 1/2 Mbps slower than Wi-Fi’s speed.  Now-a-days, service providers are planning to establish WiFi in urban areas with ubiquitous coverage. Mobile operators co-exist with WiFi after comparing its benefits with the benefits provided by 3G in hotspots.  As 3G is available to users moving at high speeds whereas WiFi requires users should be stationary. Because of this fact, many were arguing as WiFi could be 3G additional source rather than its substitute. 

Advantage when VoWiFi interconnecting with mobile networks:

The benefits provided by VoWiFi  to users will affect its significant demand in market over the next few years. Dual handsets users can make calls at low cost when compared to mobile phones.

Calls generated in hotspots results significant savings by consumers. VoWiFi also provides new features like accessing e-mail, Internet, location information, etc. at a low cost. 

Technical issues:

Quality of service, adequate bandwidth, Security and privacy, Interoperability, Interferences and complexity are few of the technical issues faced by VoWiFi services. 

Operational issues:

Seamless roaming and single dual-mode handset, Attractive applications, Billing for VoWiFi/mobile roaming and Other issues such as limited battery power, high cost of chipset are few of the Operational issues faced by VoWiFi services.

 Download Development of Voice over WIFI Integrating Mobile Networks.

Introduction to  3-Dimensional Virtual Reality in Urban Management Seminar Topic:

This white paper is about 3D Virtual reality (VR) in urban management, also discussed about its drawbacks and future improvements. This paper is explaining about the construction of houses in urban areas based on 3D virtual reality technology. 

Applications of 3D Virtual Reality in Urban Management:

The following are some of the 3D Virtual Reality – application areas: 

1. 3D allows public participation, and provides access to the comprehensible information. 3D virtual reality systems are more comprehensible when compared to 2D architectural plans.
2. Virtual reality has ability to create virtual environments and visualize the same new design ideas to engineers for best output. Innovative solutions provided by Virtual reality are very helpful to housing for the 21^st century.
3.  Residential development quality can be evaluated by using Virtual reality. Now-a-days, developers are interested to go through new technology or internet for innovative design ideas rather than following a traditional paper based approach.
4. Applications in cadastral systems are slowly recognizing by 3D VR systems.
5. Without violating construction regulations, we have utility lines, 3D VR systems introduced utility lines in a simulation exercises without hitting into other lines and as per applicable regulations. 

Limitations of VR: 

The following are limitations of VR systems:

1. The present software available is not suitable for design at an urban scale.
2.  Most of the times Virtual Environments are quite problematic in implementation as there is a requirements of more resources than expected.
3. The data about data models to be used is fully depends on what model used during designing. But there is an issue in VR systems in processing speed of this data.

But proper designed Virtual Environment with innovative ideas will be more useful. 

Conclusions: 

Many housing developers now focused on internet or VR systems for design, planning and also for marketing purpose. 3D Virtual Reality technology helps to housing developers to evaluate new housing schemes in an urban context. VR urban model standards are still in developing stage.

 Download Interferon metric Modular Display IMOD.

Introduction to Holographic Versatile Disc Seminar Topic:

This presentation is about a “Holographic Versatile Disc”, which is an optical disc technology and which has capability of holding 3.9Tb of data.

HVD Structure:

HVD uses a technique where green and red laser of length 532nm and 650nm respectively are collimated in a single beam. HVD provides a high-capacity data storage. Servo information is used to monitor the position of the read head, track and sector information on a conventional hard disk drive. 

HVD write system:

HVD write system consists of Blue or green laser, beam splitter merger, mirrors, Spatial light modulator (SLM), CMOS sensor and Polymer recording medium. Data written on HVD will get encoded into binary data, which will get stored in SLM. This data turned into 0’s and 1’s on a page, where page is the image that the information beam is passing through. 

HVD read system:

Data from HVD can be read by retrieving the light pattern stored in the hologram.

Advantages of using HVD:

HVD advantages are listed below:

ü  HVD has 300GB of initial storage capacity.

ü  Holographic memory systems offer far more storage capacity than CDs, DVDs and Blue-ray Discs. Entire page of data can be retrieved quickly and at one time by using this memory system.

ü  HVD helps user to store large amount of data

ü  HVD is helpful to record one program simultaneously watching another program on the disc.

ü  HVD has a capability of searching empty space on the disc automatically to avoid the occurrence of overlapping of recording one program over the other.

ü  The transfer rates of HVD i.e., both read and write speed is up to 1GB per second and it is backward compatible too. 

Conclusion:

HVD is a popular technology in high-capacity, optical storage media.  HVD supported by more than 170 of the world’s leading consumer electronics recording media, video game and music companies.

 Download Seminar Report on Holographic Versatile Disc .

Introduction to Wireless Application Protocol seminar Topic:

Imagine if we can access the content of web based applications from mobile handsets with same ease but without any restrictions. This can be done using Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) which is basically an open source global standard application that helps any user to access information via internet using the mobile handsets.

In 1997 four companies developed and deployed WAP they are Motorola, Nokia, Ericson and US software company phone.com. WAP helps in smooth filtering of internet content on to mobile devices for faster access.

WAP gives a scope to revolutionize few business segments where customer interaction is important for their business. It opens gate for new ways of delivering services to its customers and can have WAP based workforce anywhere and anytime.  For wireless operators WAP gives a chance to decrease operational costs, reduce churn and increase customer base while improving existing services.

In order to make a web application WAP standard the application should be written in wireless markup language (WML) which is a subset of extended markup language (XML). All applications of web are basically written in internet standards HTML, HTTP, TLS and TCP but these languages based web applications cannot be used on mobiles or handheld devices because of small screen size and lower bandwidth of mobile networks. Hence data has to be compressed and optimized for longer latency in low bandwidth, to achieve this WAP uses binary transmission technique. (WML) wireless markup language script is used to create WAP content.  

For working on WAP we need a WAP gateway, WAP server and end user terminal. WAP programming model is based on client, Gateway and server. The main features of WAP are language, operating system and a network that supports WAP. The main applications of WAP are wireless internet access from mobile phones and wireless access to extranets and corporate systems and records also for intelligent telephonic services. 

Download Seminar Report on Wireless Application Protocol .

Introduction to Watermarking digital audio paper presentation:

We are living in a world where information is wealth hence safeguarding of copyright information such as audio, video, text, programming and imaging is very essential to sustain in business. With the advent of computer technology any data is copied and manipulated. Watermarking is a technology using which we can protect the copyright data, data authentication and is possible to trace illegal copies etc.

If we apply watermarking to audio signals that it is called as Audio Watermarking. Psychoacoustics plays important role and is mainly concerned is spread spectrum type of audio watermarking which is a popular technique.

The main characteristics that an ideal watermarking (WM) system should have are

1. WM should be embedded into main audio signal itself so that it cannot be removed at syntax level.
2. There should not be any deterioration in WM signal from the main audio signal.
3. Compatibility with all audio players.
4. No false alarms when detected for a specific watermarking signal.
5. The robustness of WM signal should be applicable for all signal processing operations. 

There are different methods of watermarking such as Echo Hiding, Index modulation through quantization, Feature based, Spread Spectrum based watermarking.

In Spread Spectrum based watermarking the psychoacoustic properties are used effectively. These properties are absolute threshold of hearing, critical bands, masking, simultaneous masking and temporal masking.

The watermark embedding scheme has operations such as temporal analysis of the audio signal, M sequence generation, shaping of the m sequence, cyclic shifting and inclusion of the information payload, and watermark embedding

The main applications of watermarking are for copyrighting, data authentication, tracking piracy copies and also in finding tampered data. 

Download Watermarking Digital Audio PPT.