Category: CSE Seminar Topics

Introduction to Adaptive Missile Guidance Using GPS:

It is a method by which missile get a command to move at certain path and to reach the certain target. These commands may be generated by internal autopilot or some external source. Missiles are guided into many ways;

Using radar: they send their radar signal that is reflected back from tanks, planes used in the battle, these radar signals help the missile to acquire their targets, and most of the them are successful.

Using wires: they have a coil of wire wounded at the back of missile, when they are launched they move in linear direction to acquire targets, gunman send required signals to the missile to acquire the targets and if case wire broke then targets will never be achieved. In this missile they have no device.

Using lasers: these missiles are fires using laser technique that look for heat signature once it get heat target is acquire and even may the target is moving it will shot the target, but it is not good bad weather during cloud.

GPS; it means global positioning system. It is the system that tracks anyone on the earth anytime in any weather. They are used in missiles for targets. Their navigation depend on devices that senses it motion and acceleration in different position known as gyroscopes.

Satellite:  in case of poor visibility satellite guided weapons are used such as JDAM (Joint Direct Attack Munitions). They are more accurate then laser technique.

Using GPS: They use 3 axis accelerometer packages for reference of autopilot. They are fire and forget weapons, do not require launch air craft remain in vicinityof target for guidance.

GPS other Application: Navigation Systems Timing and Ranging and they are used to locate living or non- living things like “Google earth”

Download Adaptive Missile Guidance Using GPS PPT.

Introduction to Technical Seminar Presentation on Resource Allocation and Security:

The system which works on autonomous cups so as to make complete system works as a single computer. They usually interact with external world that may consume time; they are of two type soft and hard real time systems. They are used for migration and data process. They are also used because they have better communication, speed and very much reliable and can be used for sharing also.

Event vs. trigger time: trigger systems are based on interrupt given,it gives faster response at low load and it may fails during high load. They are suitable for static environment.

Dynamic scheduling is better for the use of resources. They decide their scheduling during execution which task to run. Dynamic time system consists of time servers. They are mutually consistent.

DTS time model: they record all time atregular intervals. That runs on client machine and the clock in synchronization with the other systems clocks.

ACL:  they guide the user who can use resource and how, that are managed by the managers.  ACL decided by seeing client PACs on based of their groups.

Security: this is the main principle for user that they require security about their communication. Authentication process is used so that only authorized used can use this service.  They are based on the model of cryptography. Systems must have suitable firewalls. In this message was encrypted in algorithm form and at the server it is decrypted to original text with help of key. Database is secured using registry servers, which contains all the groups and organizations. Login facility is also used by servers and clients to do its work.

Authenticated RPS: they are used to establish secure connection. After authentication now it depend upon user how security they require. 

Download Technical Seminar Presentation on Resource Allocation and Security in Real Time Distributed System.

Introduction to Integrating Optical Technology:

Due to popularity of internet, it has gone with paradigm shift in telecommunication network from voice to packet switched networks. This has led to bandwidth explosion. Due to which optics data are directly transferred which led to reduction in cost and complexity of network.

Optical networks: it is a data optimizing network in which they use switches and routers that are integrated for optical interfaces. They are directly connected by DWDMs.  In case iffailure occurs then IP router request for new light to connect around the failure. Components used in this network are programmable. Basically they use OADM. Switching is mostly used for connecting optical links with the use multiplexor and demultiplexors. Continuous transmitters are used that have slow synchronizing time and WDM couplers to mix the input signals and send these to all out going signals.

Optical packet switching:   if it is implemented then optical processing is done in the carrier networks, they can be done in optical pane.  New technology must be developed so that we can read the packet reading headers, instead of switching optical signal fordropping bits.

Intelligence: It is used so that we multifunctional capable and client transport infrastructure support. It is required by metro segments since they use devices running at optical rates in terms of wavelength.

Optical service management is flexible solution for transport network. New solutions are needed for customers to control service efficiently, and monitor real time service status and performances.

Automation: for the growth of networks, it requires automation, for the development of electromechanicalswitches and electronic switches. Now a days optical network is handled manually, and it is time consuming and costly.  It extends automatic calculation for optical routes.

Download Integrating Optical Technology in Packet Switching Networks PPT .

Introduction to Distributed File System Design:

It is a file system that shared by autonomous computers and resource management component for operating system, it also reduces cost architecture.

Feature: data access management, administrative domains, local file system, replication, dB distribution.

DFS Namespace:  It consists of root and links and some targets which provide virtual view for share folders on different servers as suggested by DFS. There are of two types: domain-based and start alone.

Mechanism: Building DFS has following stage: mounting of data then the data is cached and they are transferred in bulk for encryption.

Designing:

–  Naming and name resolution, writing cache, writing policy, availability, scalability and semantics.

Cache on domain controller: first DFS object is created and registered in physical memory. Then in memory domain referral cache is created, then domain controller, then domain based root cache, then client , target, site cost cache are created in memory.

Cache on root servers:  in physical memory root and link folder are created, rest is all same as previous and in memory DFS metadata cache is created and rest is same as previous.

Cache on DFS clients: first DFS registry entry is made then in memory domain cache is created then MUP and at last referral cache is initialized in the memory.

Advantages:-it Is faster and more reliable, provide better recovery option on failure, improve data availability their access time and memory location, it is more secure, consistency of binary files, and monitors system very well.

But it has few disadvantages also; data are less secure, and sometimes server failure also occurs

Conclusion: DFS system is most accepted to main centralized system, they are easily available, scalable and important issue in market.

Download Distributed File System Design and Implementation PPT .

Introduction to IP Telephony Seminar Topic

It means voice and fax calls are transmitted using IP network just like internet instead of PSTN. Development of IP network lead the telecommunication network to use telephones more for data transfer or ordinary calls. All public networks are switching from circuit networks to packet network, which effect the data communication network related to IP. Audio are converted at i/p device then they are copied in memory of frame length then these inputs are converted to output using D/A samples.

IP Telephony vs. PSTN; the main difference between them is their switching technique.  IP in dynamic routing as it uses internet where PSTN is static. PSTN have fixed bandwidth. When we make a call we listen a dialer tone and we dial the number call is forward to nearest IP telephony.

Advantages: low cost, more efficient, it has also free internet calls and single line can be used for making call and for browsing web also.

Security: as it is an open network where everyone can send and receive information. It should proper authentication so that people belonging to that network can only access the network. Data send or received remain unchanged; it should have some privacy of data.

Applications and Vendors: JCK is an audio card developer that design card that is used to carry voice over internet or intranet in existing sound card in PCs.  Nokia also provide IP telephony to its clients over different services like Ethernet phone, serial telephony adapter, my. Way client application

As this technology is growing very fast so some changes need to be applied to meet the today requirements like design, price, multiple functions, platform independent and mobility.

Conclusion: it can be widely used network commination in future. Radio technology is also IP telephony.

Download IP Telephony Seminar PPT .

ISDN (Integrated Service Digital Network) isa combination of CCITT standards for digital transmission over telephone copper wire as well as over media. They transfer analog as well as digital both on the same network.

N-ISDN architecture consists of various channels according to their speed.  B channel provide speed up to 64kbs where d- channel provide 16/64 kbps. These are slow channels. But h channels are much faster than b or d channel. There are four h channels like ho=384 kbps, h10-1472 kbps, h11-1536, h12-1920 kbps.

They have two types of interfaces used BRI and PRI. BRI is slow as it has 2 b channels and one d channels (2B+D). Whereas PRI in some of the countries provide (23B+D) like USA and (30B-D) in EUROPE. B-ISDN h21 have speed 32.768 mbps, h22 43 to 45 mbps speed and h4 have 132 mbps to 138.24 mbps.

Signaling process: Meta signaling are bi-directional in nature and they use 1 SVCs per interface, whereas General broadcast are unidirectional in nature and they also 1 SVCs per interface but in case of Selective they may use several SVCs per user interface.

Protocol reference model: Consist of two high layers, second ATM adaption layerthen ATM layer and at last physical layer. Whereas OSI model as only 3 layers network layer, link layer and at last physical layer.

B-ISDN services; it provide facility of messaging services, conversational services, user controlled presentation, retrieval systems.

Applications: remote video surveillance, voice conferencing, data transfers, customer requirement, phone services, videotext, online services etc.

Conclusion: ISDN is better technology as it provides less cost consumptions over telephone. They have greater demand across the globe for computer to computer data communication, it provide multi service like image, video, integrating voice data and video over the networks.

Download Seminar Report on Broadband ISDN with PPT .

LASER- Light Amplification of Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

It is a successful medical treatment used in the treatment of retina, neurosurgery, dermatology etc. it have interaction between laser and human tissue. It is an direct reflection at the boundaries and the molecules, cells particles get scattered within the layer. Then absorption of absorbed energy takes place. It takes the consideration and advantage of optical fiber.

Applications: Ophthalmology, photo coagulation therapy,Photo disruption therapy Fragmentation therapy, Thoracic surgery, neurosurgery.

It is used in laser therapy in teeth.  They use three types of lasers like ruby laser, carbon dioxide laser and neodymium laser. They are used in physics. Photons also emit laser, they are used for light absorption, light amplification and emission of stimulated radiation.

They are used by dental in two techniques:

– Contact mode:

– Non contact mode

Non-contact surgery requires more power than contact surgery as they have fiber optic lasers so as to achieve same tissue effect.

They are performed new extracted human teeth that did not have any previous root treatment. They are performed on the patients suffering from chronic apical periodontitis.

Precautions: some precautions are also followed by new or practicing doctor when they use laser, beam alignment of laser should be proper, laser control should be uniform, fire protection must be there in order to prevent burn, eye should be avoided from direct contact with laser, some energy is reflected back that should be avoided and most important anesthesia patients or doctor should in certain conditions only otherwise it may harm them.

Conclusion: laser has great advantage in daily life because they are highly sterile, used in non-contact surgery, reduces pain in most operations, and for children they can have painless surgery.

Download Technical Seminar on Composite Call .

Introduction to Composite Call:

In computer systems service is usually difficult task due to security of domain provided by developer. If we want to access local services then it may be expensive. Then batching process is used. It mean when composite design pattern enables you to extend the server interface for secure execution of same sequence of calls then it batching. A composite call is a client for execution of serve domains.

It contains interrupt server that is connected to program and program is connected to server and vary table both. System callas the user program for execution then program call interp that check system call table and then they perform read write operation on Linux kernel.

Composite Call Center:

User caller  and user wrapper are linked  with normal call path in both the direction and caller are linked off_interp with composite call path in both the direction and that is connected with kernel wrapper with composite call path in both the direction. Means they form cycle is formed. Data crossing might go through network.

On Linux when we use composite call is uniform across the graph whereas when we system calls little up and down are formed in the graph. And number the time taken by to complete number of system calls is less in the case of systems callas and greater when we use composite calls.

In NFS based copy number of kilobytes transferred is homogenous according to time means remain constant, where in composite first time remain same for some period then it increase slowly up in the graph.

Conclusion: composite calls is better as it provide best performance improvements, it must be carefully analyzed. In some overhead may be larger than performance, then further experiments on distributed services is required to obtain significant speed

Download Technical Seminar on Composite Call .

 Acoustic echo:  they are generated with analog digital technique and there degree is related to their quality and quantity. When the coupling between devices like microphone and earphone are poor then this type echo is produced.

Hybrid echo: they are primary source of echo generated from PSTN (public switched telephone network. They are generated when hybrid connection is created with four wire PSTN conversion point

Cause: they are created when background noise through network is interfered and when analog and digital signals are operated from hands free mode. Sometimes additional sounds are mixes in the microphone and that is transmitted back to the user or sometimes due to bad quality of wireless network.

Echo cancellation: Echo problems can be overcome by some following some principles. We record the voice going in loudspeaker and later remove it from microphone when coming out. Also adaptive filtering

Echo suppression: first identify the echo then suppress it with help of gain control, this prevents howling effect, or we can also interrupt other party speech.

Importance: to deliver best quality of communications over telephone conversation as hybrid is still not proper for transmitting electrical energy or voice transmission because they are reflected back or perceived as echo.

During telephone conversation sound waves is transmitted that travel earpiece and when we speak it return through microphone.

Today, in AEC systems multipath-path echo, time difference echo, grouped echo and noise reduction have been major problems to be thoroughly studied when designing system.

Conclusion: echo cancellation has become complex device for highly complex networks. All cellular networks are using this technique to make their service better, better network performance and reduce customers complain.

Download Echo Cancellation PPT and Seminar Report .

When multiple antenna are combined with single processing to optimize its radiation and reception then they are smart antenna. But in real antenna they are not smart there systems are smart. They have digital signal processing capability to transmit and receive information. They are of two types: switched beam and adaptive array.

Smart Antenna PPT Slides Covers:

Switched beam antennas: they have fixed beam in particular direction. These antennas detect one signal from many, and then switch from one to another as mobile device moves. They combine the beams to form finely directional beams with more selectively.

Adaptive array antennas:  they are advanced antennas as they use new signal algorithms. They have feature of identifying and tracking or interfering signals also.

They are used to make better signal quality for radio transmission and increase frequency reuse. They are capable of increase signal quality and produce less interference which will definitely increase the power efficiency. There architecture is divided into two parts up link processing ad downlink processing. It means in first phase listening to the cell and second phase speaking to the user.  ANSI-136 adaptive antennas algorithms are have been deployed.

Smart Antenna Advantages and Disadvantages:

– It improves wireless systems performance and enables operators of cellular companies to increase their signal quality, increase the capacity and they can cover large area for transmission

-They provide more power by increasing higher desired signal.

– Less probability of interference by phased arrays, and the beam pattern is adjusted by the adaptive arrays.

Smart Antenna  Applications:

-they are used wireless system by using phase’s array technique,

-cellular systemsfor wide angular spread, and

-TDMA systems

Conclusion: they are not purely radio transmission; they have diversity effect at the transmitter and receiver or both

Download Smart Antenna PPT Free Download .