Category: CSE Seminar Topics

Introduction to Safety Rules For Different Zones In Industrial Automation:

Risk is the probability to be get harm by anything, or get injured by anything, which can do damage to health then this is the situation of risk. To overcome risk a situation is formed that prevent us of being getting harmed then that situation is safety. There is no such thing which has 100% safety. If the risk is greater than limit risk then it is danger otherwise it safety.

There are different standards of safety issue;

ANSI-American National Standards Institute

IEC-International Electro technicalCommission

DIN-Detaches Institute of Normung

OSHA-Occupational Safety and Health Administration

EU-European Economic Union

Safety rules: first we have to determine the limit of the machinery, then detect the possible hazards that can occur, then to estimate risk, then evaluation of risk, now check is machinery safe or not.

Risk evaluation:machinery used should be properly designed and some protected measures should be used to reduce risk, and the user using particular machinery should have information about machinery. They should be trained and properly instructed.

Power should be switched when anyone goes to risk area. Always be alert while going though movable guards, fixed guards or two hand guards, they might be dangerous.  Dangerous move should be avoided during light curtains, sensitive safety mats.

Safety light control works on three products; point of operation control, area access control, safety light control.

Muting: it works for limited time span. It works automatically; it works on multiple electrical signals. Muting is stopped as the object is passed through.

Device selection: 3 points must be kept while selecting device, first, resolution, then how much height it covers for protection and distance.

Conclusion: in any industry whether large or small, safety point should be taken lightly.

Download Safety Rules For Different Zones In Industrial Automation PPT .

Introduction to Automatic Vehicle Locater Seminar Topic:

It is a vehicle tracking system based on computer; it uses data from satellite and land communication to display the information of running vehicle.  AVL have alarm systems, digital communication, computer aided software, real time passenger information.  There works on different technologies used by AVL systems. 

Tracking;we used two types in tracking system like passive tracking and real time. It is used for tracking vehicles only. A passive device is installed in the vehicle that keep record of vehicle information, speed location of vehicle, time,its velocity and when it return to base station all data are downloaded.  We also use real time tracking system for tracking vehicle. It uses GPS and GSM technology both and then combines them to track the location. It uses an emergency cellular phone for two calls in emergency.

Consumer assistance unit: they usually provide traffic information to the road way driver.

With GPS; now a differential GPS can also be employed for advanced tracking. It sends information with the help of satellite.  It has lots of benefits:

–          Reduce additional manual data entry

–          Better connection between operators and supervisors

–          Provides necessary information to the passengers looking for bus or train.

–          Provide accurate data for scheduling

Uses: it can be used in tracking vehicle locations, informing arrival time, warns vehicle that enters restricted area.

Applications;

–          By military when they are battle to know their current position, map aircraft.

–          By geo catchers  who go different places for searching something,

–          Used by parents to track kids, they use simple software in their vehicle and that is plotted on the map wherever they go.

–          In cargo, to know how much distance of left from destination and to inform when it get stolen.

Download Automatic Vehicle Locater PPT Seminar Report .

Introduction to Automatic Meter Reading:

It is a cost telephone network system called outgoing system, they are very much reliable. It helps to reduce the human error instead of visiting person site, and then record the reading. Everything can be measured like gas, electricity, or even water.

 They provide a link which can be telephone link also or power line carrier.  It provides more accuracy to user and response to user rapidly, and providesseveral billing option, and offer variable rates. They provide very good customer service, they instant replace meter, they detect tamper, also schedule meter reading automatic, and this optimize cost reduction.

For this ERT (Encoder-Receiver-Transmitter) is used which work as key to AMR. It remains in sleep modes until it receives a signal from device. The meter gives out wake up signal to the device, ERT device uses incoming signal  then it check the meter reading then encode the reading to  digital form and the transmit its identification number and  the current calculated reading. After transmitting it go back to sleep again. Then device matches the reading and then transfer the reading to final bill processing system.

AMR consist of PLM (power line modem) which send and receive data.  It operates in half duplex. It used by both MIU and DCU device.

Advantages: cost is reduced, customer service is better, secure, and bill time is also reduced. Reading can be also taken if there is no one at home.

For AMR we should have a telephone line for proper network, power lines, radio frequencies like VHF, UFH and Bluetooth connection.

AMR reduces the time and improves the billing process, it also show meter reading for gas and water, it uses Ethernet connection so there is full security

Download Automatic Meter Reading PPT and Seminar Report .

Introduction to Automatic Teller Machine Seminar:

ATM ( Automatic Teller Machine) is machine or electronic device that is used people for their bank account transaction, they used ATM for cash withdrawal, check account balance, make deposit of checks and cash, or to transfer money from one account to another. To achieve this service they are given a plastic card provided by bank and they have 4 digit secret code. ATM is available 24 hours no time when to use.

Automatic Teller Machine Architecture:

ATM consist of card reader, keypad, speaker, display screen, receipt printer,deposit slot, screen button, cash dispenser.

Automatic Teller Machine History: ATM is invented by De La Rue in north London, United Kingdom on 26 June 1967 by Barclays Bank and the first ATM was installed in Rockville Centre in New York.

ATM Machine connectivity: they are connected to the host computer of bank through ISP. Host computer works as gateway for all the ATM connected. They are connected either through Leased line or through Dial-up line. In leased line connection they are connected to 4 wires point to point with phone lines and in Dial-up they are connected through using modem and a toll free number for any query. Leased line connections are costly as compared to dial–up line and their monthly cost are much greater then dial up line.

ATM Hardware and software: they are imbedded with crypto-processors with IBM-PC. Mostly they run on either windows 2000 or Linux.

ATM Advantages: it increased the bank income and they have added additional features to it. It helps customers during emergency, save their time and money.

ATM Security: ATM always have cctv camera for any theft, in case of theft door lock automatically, and alarm systems that connects to monitoring systems.

Note: don’t scratch your card; don’t tell your secret code to anyone, always take receipt with you.

Download Automatic Teller Machine ATM Seminar PPT .

Telecom Sector In India a Decadal Profile

Telecom service has taken a drastic change with time interval. In earlier time mobile was to be luxury item, it was very costly and it is used to only one in every house. But now day’s mobiles are cheap and it is own by very people. It is growing very fast. Every year around 84 million mobiles are sold. Every year number of broad band connection reached to 3 million, which led the growing,rate to 44% pa.

Telecom Scenario in India 2012

According to the survey the density of telecommunication network has increased very fast. In 1995 it was around 1.07 million in 2007 it was 23 million. So this change has led the telecom industries boom in their income. In 2010 number of mobile in India is around 500 million, 18 million have broadband connection, and 40 million people use internet.   Earlier telecom service was much costly as there is only limited number of companies, and that time tariff plan was 30 rupees per minute but now days it is 1 rupee per minute.

Current Telecom Scenario in India:

Now the telecom companies have advanced their technology. They provide security over the network. Provide language that is suitable for user. For landline connection they provide fixed line and for mobiles there are more choices, like 2g, 3g, Wi-Fi, WI-MAX, ADSL, FTTH, FTTC, and FTTD.

–         3g is the new generation technology, after the 2g, it very much fast, and costly.

–         WIMAX it is the connection based in the microwave, it has worldwide interoperability, and it is based on IEEE 802.16 standard.

Challenges: due to rapid development user get choices to their suitable network.  They get many services in the same network or platform. It also has reduced the cost price so there is too much competition in the market.

Download Telecom Scenario in India PPT.

Introduction to Asynchronous Transfer Mode:

It is very high speed mode of transfer. Its cost is very low. It can be used for transmission of data, voice, video and television. It gives speed up to 155 mbps to 622 mbps. It uses cell switching technique.  It used in large infrastructure where they requirehigh data speed. It has very high bandwidth. It uses small packets to transmit information. They are very easier and provide much more flexibility.

An every ATM cell contains 5 byte header and 48 byte information. ATM is mainly of two types, first virtual path; it is a bundle of network which is switched across the ATM. Second, virtual channels, they are bundle of VPs; they connect to create a transmission path.

ATM architecture contains four layers, first layer is divided into two parts that is higher layers, next layer is ATM adaptation layer, then ATM layer which is again divided into two parts, virtual layer and virtual path, and the last layer is physical layer, it determines the speed of data. They also have three separate planes. User plane, it provides user information, control plane, and management plane.

ATM adaptations layers: ATM services are divided into four parts: CLASS A and B are connection orientated with time relation, where CLASS C with no time relation, and last CLASS D connection less with no time relation.

There are AALs are defined: AAL0, AAL1, AAL2, AAL3/4, AAL5 

It can used to make connection either point-to-point or point-to-multipoint. Point-to-points are unidirectional or bidirectional whereas point-to-multipoint is unidirectional only.

Advantages of ATM:

–          It gives bandwidth on demand,

–          Support all multimedia applications

–          Support both real and non-real time application

–          Flexible and gives network for infrastructure.

Download Seminar Topics for CSE on Asynchronous Transfer Mode.

Introduction to Asynchronous Transfer Mode Seminar:

It is very high performance transfer operation, which used technique of cell switching and multiplexing. The lengths of packets used are fixed. It runs media application very efficiently. It basically works on three platforms, technology, standard, and services.

It provides very high performance as it uses hardware switching technique. Service support for multimedia, speed and network sizes are manually keep on changing according to the requirement. It has international level of standards.

It consists of 5 byte header and 48 byte header.  ATM cell consist of 8 bits. ATM architecture contains four layers, first layer is divided into two parts that is higher layers, next layer is ATM adaptation layer, then ATM layer which is again divided into two parts, virtual layer and virtual path, and the last layer is physical layer, it determines the speed of data. They also have three separate planes. User plane, it provides user information, control plane, and management plane.

ATM standards: it is acertain set of specification that provide ATM framework. It is an important feature which provide link between ATM and framework. There are basically two standards networks.

Data insertion:  data encapsulation is decided by RFC 1483, LANEMPOA also support dynamic use of ATM.  Video and voice data are adapted for different schemes for carrying a fixed rate bits.

Usually mpeg2 video format are used for streams.  It has two coding techniques: program stream and transport stream.

Network traffic management: their main use to ensure the deliver quality of multimedia application. They are categorized in three parts; nodal level, network level and network engineering.

ATM is used in carrier infrastructure, workgroup and campus, residential broadband.

ATM and IP: they multiple protocol system and adopting of frame based on SONET/SDH.

Download Asynchronous Transfer Mode PPT Seminar Report.

Introduction to Artificial Neural Network for Misuse Detection:

IDS (Intrusion Detection System) used host based IDs, network based IDS and vulnerability based IDS for detection of misuse.  It contains information source that’s provide a record of all events, and analysis the signs of intrusion, and also responses according to outcome of analysis engine.

Neural network consist different levels and every level has nodes… every node id connected to upper level of all the nodes and the number of nodes in each level keep on increasing. Neural network is used for detection of computer attacks, computer viruses, and malicious software in the computer.

Neural engine: it is based on intrusion detection, which establish the user profile watch their behavior. But it requires assumptions. For detection of intrusion training is required for every user once. Then they compare present data with historical data.  Every new data is filtered or checked. It should be kept on updating regularly for the new data might be introduced. When the new data is received and if it found doubtful then it is send to intrusion response system.

There are different levels of processing the data:

–          First level, all the elements of data are collected from protocol ID, source port, ICMP type, and ICMP code as raw data.

–          Second, converting them to numerical representation

–          Third, converting the result data into ASCII format that is used by neural network.

Advantages: nice speed, analyze incomplete distorted data.

Disadvantages: require accurate system for training, various nodes of network get frozen after they achieve level of success.

Conclusion: these networks have worked successfully and in future it can be used which may involve refinement for full scale demonstration of system.

Download Artificial Neural Network for Misuse Detection PPT.

Introduction to WIFI Technology PPT Presentation:

Wi-Fi stands for wireless fidelity.  It a fast and wireless connection that can be accessed from anywhere either you are at home or office. No wire is required. We can connect anywhere if we are in the range of Wi-Fi. You can move anywhere while connected.

WIFI Hotspots Technology:  it is a small area that is ready to access internet connections. They use broadband connections to access internet.  It can be anywhere either public or private. It can be setup all the locations as discussed earlier in Wi-Fi.

Wi=Fi are mostly used professional sectors like business man, corporate companies, universities, scientist, in seminars and conferences. It is used when there are large people to connect on single connections like airports, café coffee day, book stores. Etc. for that an access point is created, and with the help of that access point, internet can be accessed over the Wi-Fi. 

Wireless router uses an access point, Ethernet switch by which I providesintegrated WAN interface. We can also connect DSL modem to it.While EthernetBridge is used for connecting wireless network tothe wired network. If we want it use range of wireless network then we can also range extender. It increases the range current wireless network.

If u want to connect to then our must have pc or laptop , network interface card( optional ), an access point, an internet connection, network switch, multiple access point for large area network, proper operating system in PC.

Advantages:

They use unlicensed packet radio systems, their products are easily available, we don’t need to stick to our table through cable. Many access point support various encryption.

Disadvantages:

They have limited range; power consumption is fairly high .

Download WIFI Technology PPT Presentation.

Introduction to Ad hoc Networks Seminar Topic:

It is an wireless network having a wide collection of nodes to terminals and that are autonomous. They form a radio network between them and maintain connectivity in decentralized manner. It is very easy to setup and its speed is very fast than other networks. It decreases the dependency of infrastructure. It can be connected from anything to anything like it can be connected between two vehicles. They are used in same type of work like in war all fighter planes, tankers, helicopters are connected to each through an ad hoc network and like fire brigade, taxi and ambulance.

Operating principles: it must have at least two nodes, with their respective network information’s. When the third node joins the network two possible outcomes are generated; firstly, new node establish connection with single hop communication with new node and secondly, any one identifies beacons signal and establish direct communication with the new node. When more network joins the network few nodes leaves the nodes.  Thus topology became more complex.

Hierarchal routing: it as an two way routing mean information can be send in two way that has node adjacent to more than one clusters which acts as gateway. Each node is divided into clusters and each cluster has node.

Flat routing: in this every nodes act as router. There is no need for choosing the cluster to recognize the network. They always execute shortest path or flooding type algorithm.

Proactive routing: in this node has to maintain a routing table for implementing of every other in the network. By this routing between a source and destination are always available.

Reactive routing: they determine path discovery process to the destination only when the node has a packet to transfer.

Download Ad hoc Networks PPT and Seminar Report.