Introduction to Computer Seminar Topic on Handwriting Recognition:

Today computer is the very essential device or electronics goods in our daily life. Without this maximum work is too hard to do. Computer has its own features. Beside many features Handwriting Recognition is one of them. Actually handwriting recognition is such kind of ability by which it can receive some input data from a source like intelligent written document, photographs, touch screens etc. and after that interpret the data.

It can sense image of a written text by off-line from a piece of paper with the help of optical scanning. It can also recognize by on-line with the movements of the pen tip. Handwriting Recognition is such kind of features by which it can recognize anything. But it can be done maximum time when it receive optical scanning. Sometimes it corrects the sentence formation, any errors and many more. And format the sentence.

There is a lot of facility of off line handwriting recognition system. Computer automatically creates a code and extracts text from an image file. It is used within computer and text processor system. Beside the facility of off line system there are difficulties also because different people have different style of handwriting. Today no OCR/ICR engines are support the system. Today OCR engine recognize the printed text first and ICR. 

CHARACTER EXTRACTION

In off line system character extraction is very important. After optical scan of the document it recognizes the document. It means individual character will need to be extracted.

CHARACTER RECOGNITION

At present different kind of recognition technique is available. After extracted the individual data it compare each data with computer character and after that identify the character.

NEURAL NETWORKS

Feature extraction works in a very similar fashion to neural network recognizer but, programmers should manually confirm the properties they feel area unit necessary.

OFFLINE RECOGNITION

Off-line handwriting recognition converts the image to the text and creates letter code. After that it identifies the each character.

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Introduction to Technical Seminar Paper Presentation on Grid Computing:

Grid computing has arrived and already being implemented in the commercial environment. However, lack of knowledge and understanding has prevented enterprises from tapping into the benefits. Gris computing is basically an extension of distributive cluster computing. Here we try and focus on the basics of grid computing emphasizing what’s important and relating the whole in an intuitive framework. 

INTRODUCTION

Grid computing is important to companies since it offers the advantage of cost efficiency while avoiding the problem of being locked into a closed system which cannot keep up with the growing needs of the company. The concept of grid computing has its genesis in the scientific and academic fields and has definite implications for the architecture of the IT industry. The grid helps in distributing functionality and computing tasks.

RID

Peoples approach to the concept of grid is varied; some consider it as a network of personal and desktop computers within the limits of the organisation  others it may consist of clusters of computers, or several clusters of clusters and or special data sources. In this case it is simply a desire to take advantage of powerful networked resources which allows analysis of data by sharing computing resources. At the moment the grid taps personal computers as when these are available so that complex tasks may be spread over several computers.

The Semantic grid is a grid which has services that are properly defined allowing for bettered cooperation among people and computers. This is important as a seamless automation allowing for flexible collaboration is very important. The conception of grid computing has its genesis within the scientific and tutorial fields and has definite implications for the design of the IT trade. In this case it’s merely a need to require benefit of powerful networked property that permits analysis of information by giving out computing possessions.

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Introduction to Computer Seminar Topic on Graphics Card:

We all are using computer, at present days everybody are using their computer or laptop watching movies. Playing games etc… for this purpose graphics card or video card is very essential. By using this card clarity of picture is increasing.

It takes the digital data that the pc produces and turns it into one thing individuals will see. On most computers, the graphics card converts digital data to analog data for show on the monitor; on LAPTOPS, the information remains digital as a result of portable computer displays are digital.  On some screens nowadays, a pal will be one in every of 256 colors.

On several screens, the pixels are full-color (also referred to as true color) and have sixteen.8 million doable shades. Since the human eye will solely distinguish regarding 10-million completely different colors, 16.8 million colors are over enough for many folks. The goal of a graphics card is to make a group of signals that show the dots on the pc screen. If you have scan however laptop Monitors Work and the way TV Works, you have a decent sense of what those signals are and the way a monitor turns them into light-weight. If you scrutinize the screen of a typical laptop terribly closely, you’ll see that every one of the various things on the screen is created of individual dots.

These dots are known as pixels, and every pal encompasses a color. On some screens (for example, on the initial Macintosh), the pixels might have simply 2 colors — black or white. Most video cards offer varied functions like accelerated rendering of 3D scenes and second graphics, MPEG-2/MPEG-4 cryptography, TV output, or the pliability to connect multiple monitors. This graphics chip generally contains a small quantity of embedded memory and takes variety of the system’s main RAM, reducing the total RAM accessible. This can be often generally remarked as integrated graphics or on-board graphics, and is usually low in performance and undesirable for those wish to run 3D applications.

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Introduction to Seminar Topic on Google Wave:

In this paper we are dealing with the topic Google Wave. Actually it is a software framework by which online real-time collaborative editing, was done previously. Google developed this kind of software. At Google I/O conference it was first announced on 27^th May, 2000. It is a web based computing software and communication protocol.

It was designed to merge some key features like messaging, social networking, e-mail etc…  Communications application the arrangement can be ancillary and/or synchrony Software extensions accommodate contextual spelling/grammar checking, automatic adaptation a part of 40 languages, and abundant added features Nous, depending on the alternative of alone users. On 4^th August, 2010, Google proclaimed the suspension of complete Wave development and the intent of maintaining the online web site a minimum of for the rest of the year. Development was manual over to the Apache computer code Foundation that began to develop a server primarily based product referred to as Wave in an exceedingly box (WIAB). Google Wave was released for general people on 19^th May, 2010.

• What is Wave?

A wave is shared. Any participant will reply anyplace within the message, edit the content and add Participants at any purpose within the method. A wave is equal components speech and document. Individuals will communicate and work beside richly formatted text, photos, videos, maps, and more. With live transmission as you sort, participants on a wave will have quicker conversations, see edits and move with extensions in period.

• Google Wave

Google Wave could be a period of time communication platform. It’s an online primarily based computing package and communication protocol. Lars and Jens Kund Johan Victor Rasmussen, the initial creators of Google Maps unveiled their latest project, Google Wave. As Lars describes it, “We set out to answer the question: What would email look like if we set out to invent it today?”

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Introduction to Computer Seminar Topic on Firewalls:

A firewall is a set of components which analyze the flow of network transmissions to stop the entry of malicious and other unwanted data to pass through a network.

It can either be hardware or software based device. By analyzing the flow of information based upon set guidelines it allows a network operator to allow legitimate data to pass through while stopping unwanted intrusions.  

Most personal computers and their operating systems include software based firewalls for protecting the computer from the vast array of threats that are out there on the public internet.  

Most routers that transmit data between networks contain hardware firewalls which make the network more secure. Many firewalls are also capable of performing basic router functions.

Installing a firewall is by and large the most effective and prevalent method of network protection from the perspective of network security.

When properly configured, firewalls can protect internal network services from a variety of attacks with the use of packet filtering.

Anybody who have used internet for a long time and has been an employee at a large company and browse the web either at work or at home has possibly listen to the phrase firewall.

As For example, employees of certain companies can often be heard saying things like, they can’t access certain sites because the companies firewall prevents access.

If you are using a fast internet connection at home (DSL or cable), you may have come across the concept of firewalls for your home network as well.

Small home networks have similar security issues with respect to network attacks, only at a much smaller scale. Therefore you can safeguard yourself as well as family from malicious attacks and offensive material.

Mainly, a firewall which is act as a wall to stay unhelpful services left from your assets. Its work is like to a bodily firewall to maintain a fire from scattering from one region to the next.

We will study more regarding firewalls, it work style and its protection system.

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Introduction to Computer Seminar Topic on Gigabit Networking High-Speed Routing and Switching:

Computer Networks have evolved a great deal in the last ten years or so. These changes include a significant improvement in network speed, latency and issues relating to physical media and computer architecture.

The demand for new services and the introduction of modern technologies motivated the development of improved computer networks.

Modern computer Networks have transformed into a new technology. The way basic designs and principles are updated will affect the way gigabit networks will be handled.

This Report focuses on the recent development of gigabit networking.

The Report zones in on a few issues namely: the basic idea of gigabit networking, high-speed switching and routing issues, different routing protocols, congestion control as well as modern gigabit technologies.

Introduction

At present in our life computer is very much essential. When computer discovered it can’t be able to handle huge bulk of data.

But today Computer networks are capable of operating at gigabit speeds have greatly helped the development and advancement in the fields of computer systems, computing applications, fiber optics, data communications and internet networks.

Modern day optical fiber technology and signaling equipment with the ability to transfer gigabits of data every second with very low error rates over long distances have helped researchers to believe that gigabit networks will be technologically feasible.

An advance in technology has helped realize the goal of a tremendous increase in the power and bandwidth of computing systems at an affordable price.

The extremely fast CPU’s (refer to list of acronyms), memory and high speed buses is evidence of this increase.

Moore’s Law states that processor speed doubles every eighteen months, although nowadays speed is increasing faster at the rate of 1.78 per year.

High bandwidth storage systems have helped to increase performance a great deal, RAID, a technology which allows extremely high speed file systems have made gigabit file systems a reality.

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The objective of this workshop is to communicate and develop a community standard architecture for Grid Portals.

The portal architecture will allow portal application developers the ability to build specialized application components (port lets) that can be installed on compliant portal servers and be easily configurable.

The goal of this workshop is to articulate a community commonplace design for Grid Portals. 

This portal design would permit portal application developers to create specialized application parts (port lets) that would be simply put in any compliant portal server and simply designed by users to control in their atmosphere.

The architecture will create a standard for application port let’s to share user specific context data such as proxy certificates, etc. 

 Introduction

This portal design would permit portal application developers to create specialized application parts (port lets) that would be simply put in any compliant portal server and simply organized by users to control in their atmosphere.

The goal of this workshop is to articulate a community standard architecture for Grid Portals.

This portal architecture would allow portal application developers to build specialized application components (port lets) that could be easily installed in any compliant portal server and easily configured by users to operate in their environment.  

This design ought to give a typical method for the appliance port let’s to share info and necessary user specific context knowledge like proxy certificates.

The design can produce a typical for application port let’s to share user specific context knowledge like proxy certificates, etc.

The goal of this workshop is to articulate a community commonplace style for Grid Portals.

The portal design can allow portal claim developers the flexibility to create specialized application elements (port lets) which will be put in on compliant portal servers and be simply configurable.

This architecture should provide a standard way for the application port lets to share information and important user specific context data such as proxy certificates.

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Introduction to Computer Seminar Topic on Gesture Recognition Using LASER Tracking:

It would be great if we could control our computers by giving visual commands without touching it. We are proposing an advanced laser gesture recognition application in this project.

The application will be used to control a variety of useful application like PowerPoint, Media Players, etc. the application is much more comfortable than using remote controls and lets you avoid pressing buttons when it’s dark.

You simply need to make a few gestures in the camera’s field of view to make it work. Basic gestures such as left, right, up and down are built into the application.

Using advanced techniques, the application can be trained to pick up new gestures as well. 

Introduction 

Group meetings and other situations where you need to be away from your desk require that people can interact and communicate standing at a distance from the display surface.

This paper hopes to communicate techniques used by the application and the laser to accomplish this task. A number of interactive techniques have been enumerated for navigation and entry of numbers, text, dates, times and lists of times.

The problems of hand jitter, slow sampling, detection error and latency have been discussed in each of the interactive techniques. 

An interesting application of this technology is meetings where the content is projected on the wall. The larger image on the wall enables participants to clearly see the subject matter as well as participate effectively.

If the projection is being controlled by another program, a person needs to be in front of the computer and only that person has control over the content.

Interaction may occur by the use of technology such as a Mimeo pen. This creates a problem where more people are not able to interact with others and matter is hard to see.

Therefore there is a need for an affordable technology which allows people to interact with others at a distance from the display surface. 

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Introduction to Networking Seminar Toic on Networking Hardware:

Peripherals, computers and interface cards as well as other stuffs that are needed to perform the task of communications and data processing with the network are known as the networking hardware’s. File server is one of the best ways of accessing the network. This computer works on a very high speed and it provides a huge storage capacity and is also equipped with a high GB RAM. It also includes a fast interface card and the system software for network operating. It also consists of all kinds of software applications and files that have to be shared.

A workstation is another computer that can be configured only with the use of an interface card, appropriate cable connections and networking software. Network interface card is also known as NIC and it enables the computer to create a connection between the workstation and the network. Usually these cards are internal and it is fitted into the slot provided inside the computer.

Separately from a computer Ethernet cards are purchase while nowadays many models are coming up in the market with these cards installed already. Example: Macintosh. For twisted and coaxial these connections are just the ideal one. For getting connection from workstations, peripherals and servers to the central cable point there is a device known as concentration  For networking of Macintosh systems Local Talk is a perfect solution that comes as in-built device, manufactured by Apple. Token ring cards are almost similar to Ethernet cards from the aspect of appearance and the only difference lies in the kind of connector used at the back end.

While a signal passes through a cable it loses its strength and d therefore it is necessary to initiate the signal which is done with a device called repeater. If you want to divide a large network into two small parts then you can use the device known as bridges. It can make the network more efficient and especially if you are attaching it to an old wiring system and desire to have a new up-to0date network connection.

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