CSE Project Reports - 1000 Projects

September 23, 2012

Domain Visible Watermarking Technique on Images Base Paper

Introduction to Domain Visible Watermarking Technique on Images Project:

To protect publicly available image, there is a need to use visible watermarking, which is one type of digital watermarking. This paper discussed about how a visible watermarking technique applies to a host image in the DCT domain. Few significant modifications done to the algorithm in order to make the watermark robust.

Overview:

Digital watermarking is a process of inserting watermark into a multimedia object to protect the object’s owner’s right. The original and watermark images are divided into blocks and the corresponding DCT coefficients are also need to be observed. For each block of original image, some mathematical calculations need to be done as per algorithm. After all the modifications done to each block of the image, watermarked image will get generated. To protect the quality of watermarked image there is a need to consider and manage both embedding and scaling factors.

Modification to watermark:

The algorithm proposed to generate a watermark image from an original image is not robust for images having few objects and more uniform areas. So, if we apply this algorithm for such images then it is easier for a digital thief to remove the watermark from a watermarked image. So modifications need to be done to watermark insertion technique.

Conclusions:

In the DCT Domain, a visible watermarking technique has proposed. To exploit the HVS texture sensitivity a mathematical model has developed. This paper discusses about few modifications which need to be done for watermark insertion algorithm to make it more effective for all images and also to increase the robustness of the watermark. Watermark should be used in different portions in different sizes and for different images also it should not available publicly for more robustness. Even when images are printed on paper, to make the watermark more prominent by consider lower values of amin and amax, also higher values of bmin and bmax. Visible watermark is a technique which is used in current digital TV, ecommerce and digital library etc.

Download Domain Visible Watermarking Technique on Images Base Paper.

September 23, 2012September 23, 2012

M.Sc. Project Assessment Form

M.Sc. Project Assessment Form
Student Name:
Student Number:
First / Second Examiner:(Delete as applicable)

Scientific approach (A total of 15 marks)*
Justification for mark / Comment**
Fulfilment of Aims and Objectives (A total of 20 marks) *
Justification for mark / Comment**
Quality of the thesis and Viva (A total of 15 marks)*
Justification for mark / Comment**
Critical Subject Awareness (A total of 15 marks)*
Justification for mark / Comment**
Systems / Methods Developed (A total of 20 marks)*
Justification for mark / Comment**
Critical Evaluation and interpretation of the results (A total of 15 marks)*
Justification for mark / Comment**
Minor defects in any of these areas can be addressed in the viva* Staff may add additional comments overleaf		TOTAL = (out of 100 marks)

September 23, 2012

Seminar Topic on Cryptography Techniques over Block Cipher

Introduction to Seminar Topic on Cryptography Techniques over Block Cipher:

This paper discussed about the research takes place on text description an on block cipher description. This paper also discussed about the cryptography technique as best and secured model over block cipher.

Overview:

Existing encryption techniques has many security issues like managing of encryption keys throughout the life cycle and protection from unauthorized disclosure, modifications. Encryption and decryptions enables by the sequence of symbols used with a cryptographic algorithm. Critical radio transmissions are protected with proper encryption methods and encryption keys are stored securely during the entire life cycle. The cryptosystem consists of hardware and software which provides means to encrypt and decrypt transmissions In order to enhance the security during encryption process, a flexible cryptography mechanism helps to analyze and compare different algorithms.

Cryptography mechanism over block cipher by managing the keys sequentially, which classified into 3 ways like encryption-secret-key, description-secret-key and shared-secret-key. These keys help to communicate and share sensitive or important information. Among public safety agencies with interoperable functions, the importance of key management processes cannot be overstated. This models target to provide security by removing the keys faults to make encryption implementations effective. There should be required key controls and awareness on encryption key management.

Advantages of using cryptography model over block cipher:

High security can be obtained during encryption and decryption process of the text contents.
Managing the encryption keys is so simple.
In encryption process, it is easy to remove faults and other relevant errors.

Conclusion:

There are many security issues with the existing encryption techniques and this paper focus on those issues for providing effective cryptography technique over the block cipher. Most of the security issues occurred when a user maintains the same keys for years, easy keys or leaving keys unattended. These issues can be resolved by using the model which uses independently existing encrypting key as an external tool by managing keys sequentially.

September 23, 2012

Performance Comparison Of AODV And DSR Routing Protocols In MANETS Project Report

Introduction to Performance Comparison Of AODV And DSR Routing Protocols In MANETS Project:

This paper compares two routing protocols AODV and DSR performances. The evaluation of routing protocols AODV and DSR takes place, for wireless Ad-hoc networks based on performance.

AODV protocols:

AODV maintains one route per destination and destination sequence numbers. Destination sequence numbers is a process of preventing loops and to determine routes freshness. These sequence numbers are carried out by all routing Packets. AODV uses similar route discovery process of DSR. AODV maintains routing information in different ways like one entry per destination and traditional routing tables.

AODV depends on routing table entries to route data packets to the destination and to propagate Route Reply back to the source. In using of individual routing table entries, AODV maintains timer-based states in each node. Route error propagation in AODV can represents as a tree where root node indicates the failure point and leaves are the sources which are all using the failed link.

DSR protocols:

DSR never depends on time-based activities and uses source routing, route caches. DSR maintains various routes per target. In DSR, source route carries by the data packet in the packet header. Route discovery is the mechanism which is used to dynamically determine the routes whenever the route is not known when data packet is send to the destination. If any source root link is broken then source node is identified by a route error packet. A DSR protocol aggressively uses source routing and route caching.

Conclusion:

Under high mobility simulations both AODV and DSR gives good performance. On-demand routing strategy is applied by both of these protocols but with different routing mechanisms. DSR generates low routing load when compared to that of AODV. Because of the DSR characteristics like aggressive use of caching, determine the routes freshness when multiple choices are available and not having stale routes expiry mechanisms leads to give poor performances.

Download Performance Comparison Of AODV And DSR Routing Protocols In MANETS Project Report.

September 23, 2012

Multimedia Broadcasting over TCP/IP Network

Title: Multimedia Broadcasting over TCP/IP Network

Key words:
• Broadcasting
• TCP/IP
• Multimedia
• Voice
• Multicasting
• UMTS

Problem definition:

The programme is broadcasting by sharing communication data with the help of channels by providing information through images and voice oriented. This project is reliable to communicate multiple people at a time and interact with each other in online and it is secure, fast growing, consistent among the clients and server. This data which is shared with media is may be voice, drawing image, picture or text. Multimedia can be broadcasted with TCP/IP network which is specifically designed with java. This system provides multiple clients and server based which facilitate the users providing versatile messages through channels like private or public. The users can apply single click to send a message through a single server but the multicast messages are transmitted to each client in network. So in this case, all server broadcasting messages are transmitted to many clients, it is only possible by using TCP/IP network.

The multimedia broadcasting obtains three areas for developing. Firstly this update technology provides the analog transmission which maintains the multi data base types such as customary forms of video and audio programming. Secondly a quantity of data is linked with main channel including television and conventional radio. Thirdly the applications from broadcast interoperate with non broadcast client-server. Through multimedia broadcast the market sectors will develop with internet services. This analysis enables with technology, market, business and policy. For this plan services and broadcaster activities are necessary presented to organise.

Multicasting is related with internet working, the IP based network is a backbone like internet. Usually UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication system and GPRS (General Packet Radio System) are in progress. They are of wireless network this enables the user for mobility and less bandwidth transmission convenient for the air interface and less consistency to the packet compare to the radio interface network. For home operating a user has to provide subscription for single domain operating, so user can easily access to the service in home like PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) These operating domains are useful for international and national roaming but it differs in various countries.

Internet communications are also explained through an Architectural model also it provides the frame of internet. This model is used to elaborate the communication protocols to develop communication and it is manageable to layers. Every layer in the stack executes communication with unique function in net work. A layer can classify as a data communication function which activates many number of protocols which afford a service to the function properly. Each protocol communicates with its own peer. A peer is to execute the same protocol which is a correspondent layer to a remote computer. These are standardized communication.

Aims: To develop a multithreaded peer to peer communication system that allows multiple nodes (clients) to interact with each other in a shared environment.

Objectives: This application has the following objectives
• To provide fast, secure, reliable and cost effective communication medium between multiple clients and server.
• To present a simplified server-multiple client architecture which enables multi cast messages with in a public/private channel.
• To fulfil the task of multi-casting.

Evidence of Requirements: Implementation of this project requires thorough understanding of multicasting routing and the various mechanisms involved in TCP/IP broadcasting. This particular application provides high broadcasting capabilities with good quality of data transfer across a typical network configuration and all this can be implemented by using technologies like java and its related API and I believe that I can make this project success by following proper project plan from the initial stages itself.

Context description:

• This is a one of the regular applications across the broadcasting areas
• I can apply all my basic skills in programming languages and network security principles to implement this project.

Software Requirements

Operating System : Windows XP professional
Programming Language : Java, Applets and Swings/AWT
Editors : Edit Plus or Netbeans

September 23, 2012

Efficient Encryption Decryption and Compact Module for FPGA Implementation

Introduction to Efficient Encryption Decryption and Compact Module for FPGA Implementation :

This paper suggested solutions for effective and compact FGA implementation of the AES. Also discussed on how to provide a low-cost solution to manage with the sub keys computed during the decryption and efficient usage of the key schedule, data path parts.

Overview:

NIST selected Rijndael as the new Advanced Encryption Standard to replace the old Data Encryption Standard (DES). DES implementation reaches higher throughput when compared to that of AES implementation. But speed efficient designs of DES are not always relevant solutions. Also many applications needs smaller throughput. Only the 128 bit encryption version is considered as part of AES algorithm, where the 128-bit data block is called state and its key called as RoundKey, with 4 rows and columns respectively. The AES round provides multiple opportunities of parallelism. The round in AES design is consists of 16 S-boxes and four 32-bit MixColumn operations, which works on independent data.

One of the drawbacks of AES is that the AddRoundKey is executed after MixColumn during encryption and before InvMixColumn during decryption. Such encryption/decryption implementation requires additional switching logic in order to select appropriate data paths, which can affect the time performance. In advance, both RoundKeys and InvRoundKey will compute and store on one RAM block, based on which the implementation of AES key schedule takes place. Data path and key schedule parts combined together to give final AES design. To calculate a new complete InvRoundeys AES design need to do 92 cycles, in the worst case.

Conclusion:

If the use of three internal RAM blocks is not considered then AES is more effective. Among the 3-DES, AES is more efficient. The proposed solution by this paper is of low cost and perfectly suits to cryptographic embedded applications. AES design implementation based on one complete round, until the entire encryption or decryption is achieved the data will iteratively loop through this round.

Download Efficient Encryption Decryption and Compact Module for FPGA Implementation.

September 23, 2012

Security management in Large SQL Databases

Title: Security management in Large SQL Databases

Keywords:
• Security
• SQL Databases
• Security threats
• Large Databases
• SQL server

Problem definition:

Additionally, a database language should perform on basic functions with minimum user exertion, and its syntax and command structure very easy to learn. Lastly it should be transferable; it should conform to some basic standard because an individual does not have to relearn the basics when moving from one RDBMS to another. SQL gather those perfect database language supplies well.
SQL functions into two categories:
• Data definition language (DDL): SQL provides commands to create database objects for instance indexes, views and tables, and commands to define access rights to those database objects.
• Data manipulation language (DML): SQL provides commands to insert, delete, update and retrieve data in the database tables.

Security threats in SQL server database

Next Generation Security Software (NGS Software) recently established “Threat Profiling Microsoft SQL Server,” which explains in detail tools and procedures that you can use to test your experience to intruders. According to NGS software, its provides four main sections.
• The first section will cover attacks that the attacker no needs to have a user ID and password for the SQL Server, it means attacks are unauthenticated.
• The second section will cover those attacks that have to authentication; to be successful the user should be logged onto the SQL Server.
• The third section will regard as those attacks that can be opened from a compromise server.
• The fourth section will handle briefly upon attacks through the Web using SQL Injection.
“ Threat Profiling Microsoft SQL Server” talk about the SQL Monitor port attacks, brute-force attacks, network-sniffing opportunities, file-system attacks, client attacks, password cracking, navigating the database server, bypassing access controls and etc. [2]

Aims: To develop a tool to manage the security in larger database which is more reliable, user friendly, cost effective and optimized solution
Objectives: This application has the following objectives
• To create a software that maintains all the security issues in SQL server databases
• To evaluate the security threats in SQL server database
• To provide a rich user interface to manage the security in the databases

Evidence of Requirements:

Implem Implementation of this project requires detailed understanding on security threats of SQL server databases and how to get rid of these threats. A front end tool is required to achieve this and to develop this tool; proper knowledge on Dot net frame work is required.

Context description:

• This is a one of the regular security applications across the SQL database
• Basic Dot net knowledge is required to develop this application

Research Method:

Both qualitative and quantitative methods are required to develop this application and few of them are listed below

• Research is done by referring online articles and journals about security threats in SQL server database
• Questioner’s are prepared and shared with the users of SQL server database and their general problems are recorded while working with the database
• Research is done to provide the software solution to the SQL server database users by searching lot of technical articles and solutions.

Brief Production Description:

This is Dot net based application developed to evaluate and provide solution to security threats in the large database like SQL server.

Deliverables: This application delivers the following

• Practical implementation of security threats in the SQL server database
• Working model of security tool for safe access to the database
• Proper literature review with high standard documentation that evaluate the performance of security of the SQL databases

Resource:

This project emphasises design and evaluates a web-based system using appropriate processes and tools, as follows

HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS:

Processor Name : Pentium-III
Processor Speed : 677 MHZ
Ram : 256 MB
Hard Disk Capacity : 20 GB

SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS:

Operating System : Windows (32 bit)
Software : Dot net and SQL server database

September 23, 2012

Network Reconfiguration with the Help of an Improved Genetic Algorithm

Introduction:

This project discussed about how Improved Genetic Algorithm addresses the network Reconfiguration problems in distribution systems. Efficiency of distribution systems can be achieved by minimizing the losses, which in turn responsible to increase voltage stability and load balancing. The main goal of this project is to design a methodology for network reconfiguration in order to minimize losses and improve reliability.

Overview:

Both analytical methods and Monte Carlo simulation methods are used to improve the distribution system’s reliability. In the past years, branch and bound type optimization techniques are used to reduce the losses in distribution systems. Conventional genetic algorithm is also used to reduce the losses in distribution systems reconfiguration, but it’s have less convergence speed. To overcome the problems in conventional genetic algorithm many research has taken place and new improved genetic algorithm is emerged from these researches. IGA introduced black list of infeasible solutions, crossover dynamic adaption and a two- termination criterion to improve efficiency and to reduce losses in distribution systems. During the optimization process, IGA uses chromosome with a small length. IGA also uses suitable coding and decoding techniques for its processes. Crossover and mutation probabilities severely affect the performance and behavior of Genetic algorithm. The termination criterion in IGA depends on either maximum number of generations or mentioned convergence threshold. During optimization process, blacklist identifies all infeasible solutions, which in turn responsible to increase the efficiency in distribution systems.

Conclusions

Network configuration used improved genetic algorithm (IGA) approach to improve the efficiency and Reliability in distribution systems. To predict the reliability of the network configurations, a Monte Carle simulation method is used. Coding techniques used by IGA is responsible for less computation, when compared to that of remaining techniques. One of the important characteristics of IGA is the creation of blacklist which identifies all infeasible solutions during optimization process. This blacklist is useful to increase the efficiency in distribution systems.

Download Network Reconfiguration with the Help of an Improved Genetic Algorithm .

September 23, 2012

Image Video Processing Applied to Traffic Queue Detection Algorithm Full Report

This paper discussed about the video image processing technique which will helps to solve the real-time road traffic control system problems. There is a need to develop an edge detection technique with the help of real-time image tracking approach for detecting vehicles during problematic conditions and for measuring traffic queue parameters accurately.

Real-time image processing-Queue detection algorithm:

As part of image analysis, image sensors are used to capture images and ADC conversion is to convert analog video signals to digital\binary form for further processing.

Differencing through Background frame, Differencing through Inter-frame, Segmentation and classification are the three methods involved in vehicle detection. Motion detection operation and Vehicle detection operation are the two algorithms involved in Queue detection algorithm to measure traffic queue parameters. For adjusting traffic lights and to analyze cross-section traffic conditions, there is a need to measure traffic movements of vehicles at junctions. The main traffic queue parameters are the queue length, the occurrence period and the slope the queue occurrence. In order to implement the algorithm in real-time there is a need to use vehicle detection operation in a sub-profile where the queue will be extended.

Conclusions:

This paper discussed about the algorithm which helps to measure basic traffic queue parameters. Queue detection algorithm uses a technique by applying simple and effective operations. To reduce computation time, motion detection operation is applied on all sub profiles and vehicle detection operation is applied only as per requirement and it is less sensitive edge-based technique. The effects of lighting variations can be reduced by selecting the threshold dynamically. The measurement algorithm can apply to traffic scenes under different lighting conditions. Errors may cause if the objects are located far from camera and these errors can be decrease by decreasing the sub profiles size. At maximum, Queue length measurement shows 95% accuracy.

Download Image Video Processing Applied to Traffic Queue Detection Algorithm Full Report.

September 23, 2012September 23, 2012

Implementation of Network security using digital signatures

Title: Implementation of Network security using digital signatures

Keywords:
• Network security
• Digital signatures
• Checksums
• Public key
• Message integrity

Problem definition:

A Digital Signature is an electronic documents such as spread sheet, e-mail and text file. It is a genuine phenomenon said to be authentic. Authentic is mentioned that anybody created the document that must not be changed by another person unless the created one can ensure it. This is nothing but the encryption, where the process of collecting all the data stored in one computer is transferred to another computer to decode the data through encoding. It is a method of checking the information from an expectation source.

Many steps are there to authenticate a person such as getting information through computer. Mainly password -the user enter the name and password to confirm ,if it is not valid computer does not allow further access, because it first checks the pair to secure file. Secondly checksum- it is a previous method which ensure that whether the data is correct it also involves in a form of authentications. It can be said in two ways. If a checksum of a packet is 1byte long having a high value of 255. If another bytes possess 255 or less then 255 checksum shows the accurate value.

Digital signature consists of two ways one executes as signer and the other is by receiver. Digital signature creation is a result given by the signed message and a private key. For the confusion you may create an unwanted message or a private key for the same digital signature and another one is Digital signature verification- it is a reference for the set public key or message to check whether applying the private key matches the referred public key or not.

Digital signatures are implemented and maintain properly for the solutions like imposters- it minimizes the risk of handling the person who may claim and can flee. Message integrity is to less the risk of the message which is undetected and it claims to alter the message showing the false view. Formal legal requirements- it is a legal form like signature, writing and keeping an original document with satisfaction while the functions are placed in paper form. Channels are used widely for the information security to be open and insecure.

Digital Signature contains 3 types they are class-1, class-2, and class-3. They have their security level for specific sector of industry and professional categories. There are some components enhancing with name and e-mail to contact the details for identidity. The signature is rearranged because of abuse as a public key. Naming the company to identify the section which they belong and place serial number of the digital ID for the unique signature and tracking for the extra reasons. It is also useful for CA to issue the signature with authority and producing certificates and the use of digital signature certificate is to access the websites where the persons login and require to enter the password and username for validation and verification this point is called authentication which enhance the messages to be authorized within the recipients, these certificates will check the date and time those who sends and uses appropriately without any disputes.

Aims: The main intention of the project is to evaluate and impose the research methodologies on Digital signatures and its affect on the network security

Objectives: This application has the following objectives

• To develop a java application with all the networking packages and API available, that can implement the digital signature concept
• To deliver the message across the different systems in a typical network configuration with the applied digital signatures
• To perform a detailed research on Digital signatures and its methodologies

Evidence of Requirements:

Implem Implementation of this project requires thorough understanding of Network security issues and the various mechanisms involved in Digital Signatures. This particular application provides high data transfer with less error rate and low traffic security with good quality of data transfer across a typical network configuration and all this can be implemented by using technologies like java and its related API and I believe that I can make this project success by following proper project plan from the initial stages itself.

Context description:

• This is a one of the regular applications across the network security area
• I can apply all my basic skills in programming languages and network security principles to implement this project.

Research Method:

Both qualitative and quantitative approaches are followed as a part of research methodology. Behavioural aspects of the application like secure data transfer and the influence of digital signatures are studied with the qualitative aspects. Application designing and the performance evaluation is done with the help of quantitative approach.

Brief Production Description:

Scope of the project is

Make if available across other platform, without inflicting changes in the code.
It can be GUI presented, and allow handling of events through mouse.
New modules can be designed, without effecting existing modules.

Deliverables: Following are few deliverables

• Working model of data transfer with proper implementation of Digital signature
• Secured data transfer across the nodes with excellent authentication and security
• Proper documentation with constructive literature review

Resource:

This project emphasises design and evaluates a web-based system using appropriate processes and tools, as follows

Software Requirements
Operating System : Windows XP
Data base sertver : Oracle 9i
Programming Language : Java
Frame work : Swing
Front-end : J2SDK 1.5
Documentation Tool : M.S. Word
Hardware Requirements
Computer : Assembled
Processor : Pentium 80386 microprocessor or higher
Main Memory : 128 MB or higher
Hard Disk : 4.3 GB or higher
Monitor : SVGA colour monitor