Category: CSE Seminar Topics

Introduction to Global Positioning System Seminar Topic:

If we are travelling to a place that we have little knowledge of, chances are high we might get lost or take long routes to reach our destination. GPS or global positioning system is an innovative technology used basically for navigation purposes.  It is a radio based system which would be active each and every time as the images are directly downlinked from satellite. The whole system is independent on any type of weather situation.

GPS is also used for positioning, surveying and mapping various geographical levels. Specific GPS centric satellites are launched by space organizations around the globe and position it roughly 12000 miles above earth which sends live images nonstop back to earth and a receiver device would be set up here to display the data sent back by the satellite. Once we purchase the device we can obtain the navigation without any kind of subscription or rent, it would be available 24*7.

To improve the accuracy there would be signals from twelve satellites coming into the receiver. The sorting and searching of various locations would be based on geographical coordinates of that particular location.

Two types of GPS positioning

• Absolute positioning
• Differential positioning

The steps involved in tracking location via GPS is pretty simple, when we input the desired destination, the satellite will automatically calculate the distance to that place with reference to our current position. The calculated distance and the route get displayed in our receiver device.

Modern receiver devices are also fitted in with audio navigation, house to house navigation and even the state of traffic in our city. GPS is used extensively in the defense sector and there are many satellites orbiting just for the defense purpose. A trigonometric approach is undertaken by the satellite to calculate the accurate geographical positions in 3D based on the atomic clock. There are various segments such as space segment, control segment, user segments etc. along with the satellite signals in the GPS set up. 

 Download Global Positioning System Seminar Report.

Introduction to Seminar Topic on Microsoft Windows 8:

The next version after windows 7, which is an sequence of operating system created by the Microsoft for use in personal computations Including home, tablet, net book, laptops, and business desktops. Windows 8 is capable of supporting x86 and 64-bit processors.

The windows 8 design was redesigned from windows 7 to make up features optimized for touch screen as well as use of keyboards and mice to get interact with the computers. HTML 5 and javascript forms base for code developers. The system requirement for windows 8 will be same as that of windows 7.

Now while looking to some of the feature of windows 8 they are, really faster and fluid, it seems to be 2 interface for tablet pc and other traditional desktops, provides face recognition technique for user login, internet explorer version 10 will be included in the OS, It will require a minimum of 1366 x 768 resolution for the best Windows 8 experience. 1024 x 768 will be the absolute minimum for the new UI fanciness and 1024 x 600 will let you run Windows 8 in the classic desktop mode and also allow tablets the connection to USB net stick.

Some of the versions available for windows 8 are: ARM Starter, ARM Starter N, ARM Starter E, ARM Home Basic, ARM Home Basic N, ARM Home Basic E, ARM Home premium, ARM Professional, ARM Enterprise, and ARM Ultimate. Some or the highlighting feature of windows 7 are ARM (advance reduced instruction set machine computer machine) processor support, Better touch interface which helps in use of tablet Pc, Ribbons, improved task manager, portable workspace, window 8 history vault, windows 8 facial detection and recognition, windows 8 to use smart screen security.

Windows 8 ribbon interface which is much use full in touch interface, ability to use wallpaper as login screen, roaming cloud profile, option to mound ISO and VHD image file.

 Download Microsoft Windows 8 Seminar Report.

Introduction to Nanotechnology in Solar Cell Seminar Topic:

Current technology in solar power has a little chance to compete with the fossil fuels, the solar cell available today are more expensive to generate electricity in large scale. The introduction to the nanotechnology leads to development of cheaper and slightly more efficient solar cell.

This paper discusses about the comparison between the conventional solar cells and the solar cell made of nanotechnology. The new technology is capable of generating sufficient energy, which helps in preserving the environment. This paper also discusses about the working principle of both conventional and nanotechnology based solar cells. The conventional solar cell is known as photovoltaic cells which are made up of semiconductor materials like silicon, where the energy is created when the light hits the cell and photons absorb the energy.

Some of the main drawbacks of the conventional solar cells are they are expensive, uses up to 10 percentage of energy from sun, inefficiency, etc. while working with solar cell made up of nanotechnology most of the drawback of the conventional system are been cleared. The new solar panel with nanotechnology uses a tiny Nano rods dispersed within the polymer, these Nano rode act as an electric wire where it absorb the light from the sun at specific wave length and creates electrons. The elections generated flows through the Nano rode until it reaches the aluminium electrode such that they complain to form electricity.

This type of cell is cheaper to maintain and manufacture than the conventional solar cells because of two main reason, this plastic cell is not made of silicon which is less expensive, and the second is manufacturing these cells doesn’t require clean rooms or vacuum champers like the conventional silicon solar cell. Some of the main advantage of the nanotechnology solar cell is that it can be tuned to absorb various wavelength of light from sun which increases the efficiency of the solar cell.

 Download Nanotechnology in Solar Cell Paper Presentation Report.

The two main categories of SNR estimators is the data-aided (DA) estimator and the in-service estimator where the data aided estimator are based on estimated knowledge of transmitted data, but a some portion of data is been needed for estimation process which has the tendency to reduce the bandwidth efficiency.

The in – service estimator or the blind estimator derives SNR from a unknown bearing portion of the signal been received preserving efficiency at cost of decreased performance.In packet based data transfer or communicationthe block of information is preceded in several training symbols of the data known used equalization process and synchronization.

So that the data – aided SNR estimation can be utilized without additional throughput reduction. In the background the OFDM is multi carrier modulation that can provide strong robustness against ISI, i.e. inter symbol interface by dividing broad band signal to number of narrowband sub – channels where the attention towards each sub channels stays as flat. The Orthogonalizationof the sub channel is done with less complexity using fast Fourier transform (FFT). Serial high-rate data stream are been converted into multiple parallel low-rate streams, where each modulated are on a different subcarrier.

This paper proposes an efficient algorithm for SNR estimation in wireless OFDM. The SNR sub carrier can be additional estimation by use of channel estimation and the estimated average SNR. The proposed estimator in this paper makes use of preamble structure which allows synchronization over a wide frequency offset range, which helps in reducing the training symbol overhead.  Hear the proposed estimator algorithm depends on the signal samples at the output of fast Fourier transform, where the performance depends on the given preamble structure.

The performance of the algorithm is been compared with the MMSE algorithm and other two preamble-based algorithms and it is proved that the algorithm which has been discussed in this paper is robust against the frequency selectivity and can be used for sub channel SNR.

 Download Preamble-based SNR Estimation in Frequency Selective Channels for Wireless OFDM Systems  .

Introduction to  Research and Design Methodology for Digital Lock :

The circuit for this project consists of a keyboard encoder, power supply, dc motor, visual indicator, microcontroller and a power supply. This paper has tried to demonstrate the prototype digital lock which can be constructed at less cost without spending unnecessary money.

This paper gives a brief description about the digital circuits and component used to create a digital lock. Key encoder provides all logic to fully encode the array of SPST switches. The power supply unit is one the main unit which powers the suit which offers 6VDC and stabilizes to 5VDC for the operation of microprocessor. The visual display unit is designed to show current values of how many times workers have attended the device.

The next main part is the DC motor unit which is used to operate the lock. It work on the same principle as that of DC generator where it operates in reverse as of DC generator, the motor consumes more energy i.e. power source in the system.The main unit in the system is the microcontroller which is supposed to be the brain of the system, but it does not perform all operation as a computer does. The brief description about the microcontroller is discussed in this paper, about its logical units and its registers. All the other electronic devices like capacitors, diode, LEDs are been discussed in this paper.

After all the circuit design is over the next procedure is to join the devices by soldering all electronic devices to the mother board and assembling the digital lock system to a well-designed wooden box. After all the circuit should be tested whether it is performing correctly as the need. The other main part is the software on which lock should be operated which is designed by a professional software engineer in C language. After all this procedure the system is checked and conform its quality.

 Download ECE Project Idea on Research and Design Methodology for Digital Lock  .

Introduction to Seminar Report:

The active capture & re-display makes an illusory transparency, which is also known as computer mediated reality i.e. virtual reality. An adaptive camouflage is a group of camouflage technologies which helps the object blend the object into the surrounding by altering their appearance it is posted to development of organic light emitting diode (OLEDs). Is that possible to be invisible? This paper discusses about the methods and technology used for it.

The active camouflage differ from the conventional means in mainly two ways,it makes the camouflaged object appear not merely similar to its surroundings, but makes invisible through the use of mimicry, and the second one, active camouflage changes the appearance of the object as changes occur in the background. Ideally, active camouflage mimics nearby objects as well as objects as distant as the horizon.

The visions of illusory transparency are been made up from a displaying image from cameras to flat panel displays. This prototype functioning is been limited by transducers and sensors. In early 2003 a research have been done where a video camera takes the video behind and project it on a cloth using an external projector so that the illusion is created where the cloth is not seen.

Optical camouflage is an version of active camouflage which fully envelope wearer, it can display image of the scene on the opposite side of the viewer on it, so that the viewer can see through the wearer, recognizing that the wearer is invisible. This paper also discusses about different technology and their procedure to make an object invisible, and also discuss about the different ideas of scientist.

The active camouflage is not really a human invention; the most convincing example is an animal octopus, which can blend into its surroundings by changing their skin color, skin shapes and textures. To make this real the technology requires more tiny materials and intricate which are yet to be discovered.

 Download Optical Camouflage Seminar Report .

Introduction to 5 Pen Pc Technology Seminar Topic:

Computers have evolved over generations, the first computer was as big in size as a room, nowadays there are all types of computers like desktops, laptops, netbook, tablets, palm tops etc. The most common problem that we face while having a computer is its portability, yes there are ultra-weight laptops and ultra books available in market, but still a bag is needed to transport it along with us. The proposed system talk about an innovation that shrinks our computer into 5 pens, amazing isn’t it. The official concept behind this 5 pen PC technology is developed by NEC and is named Pen-style personal networking gadget package or P-ISM.

The components of this concept include:

CPU Pen: This can be used majorly for communication like a mobile phone, this will be acting as a central hub to other pens and will be networked through wireless technology like Bluetooth or Wi-Fi

 Display LED Projector: Projects images in a A4 size with a resolution pixels of 1024*768

Laser Keyboard: This is a unique concept where laser rays are used to project a QWERTY keyboard where we can actually type words that will get displayed on the virtual screen projected by the projector pen. This is termed officially as virtual laser keyboard and can control intensity, timeouts, connection to PC’s etc.

Camera: A small camera which rotates 360 degree is installed inside the pen which acts as a web cam and is connected to other devices using Bluetooth technology. One disadvantage of this camera is that it is range limited. With good pixels in it, the camera will give an excellent picture and video clarity.

Storage Device and Battery: The battery is power efficient and lasts long on one charge. This part also includes a drive space where we can store our data and recover it whenever we want. 

This concept is a pretty exciting one and who knows, another computer revolution is definitely on the cards. People will carry this pen set instead of laptops and tablets.

 Download 5 Pen Pc Technology Documentation .

Introduction to 4G Communication Seminar Topic:

4G network can be defined as the wireless ad hoc peer – to – peer network. In 4G the user joining the network also add mobile router to the network infrastructure. In the cellular infrastructure user doesn’t contribute anything to the network, while in case of wireless ad hoc peer – to – peer network user are supposed to contribute rather than compete for the network resources.

So as the no of user increases, likewise the service also improves for all the users. While talking about the current technology modern cellular devices are based on two type of transmission technology i.e. TDMA (time division multiple access) and the CDMA (code division multiple access) where these two technology are been used in the 2G. This paper discuss about the two technology mentioned above, while taking about the 4G technology it is using OFDM technology i.e. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing. Using OFDM the space domain,time domain, the frequency domain and even the code domain can be used to optimize radio channel usage.

The use of multi – path has made the transmission robust in 4G. The signal has been split into orthogonal subcarriers, in which each signal is narrowband and helps in multi-path effect. 4G also uses the technology like smart antennas and MIMO (Multiple input multiple output). Taking about the hardware part of the 4G ultra wide band networks are been used, which is an advanced transmission technology that is been used in 4G an brief description about UWB has been provided in this paper.

Multiple smart antennas are used to tune and turn up signal information; there are two type of smart antennas, Switched beam antennas and the transmission beam adaptive array antennas. 4G is a unification of different wireless network, including public cellular networks like 2.5G, 3G , wireless LAN Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11) and even the personal area network. Some of the main applications of 4G discussed in this paper are public safety, traffic control during disaster, tracking and tracing.

 Download 4G Communication Abstract .

5 Pen Pc Technology Introduction:

Pen-style Personal Networking Gadget Package which is a project at the developing stage under the NEC Corporation. This is an gadget which perform five functions, it is an pen- style cellular phone which has handwriting data input function, a small projector, virtual keyboard, camera scanner and a personal identification key with cashless pass function.

The whole gadget is connected with the internet through 3G or Wi-Fi connectivity. Where this gadget offers ultimate computing which is been briefly discussed in the paper. This gadget is having hardware components like CPU pen, communication pen, display (i.e. projector), keyboard (i.e. projected keyboard with 3D IR sensor), camera, battery, and a mass storage.

CPU pen which is the main computing engine where all the processing and calculation are done. Communication pen, where the P-ISMs are connected with each other, i.e. all the pen devices are connected with each other through a short range wireless technology like Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, this device exchange information between the pens, using this connectivity feature the gadget can also be connected to the internet using Wi-Fi.

LCD projector it has the capability to attain the resolution of 1024 X 768 which is embedded in a pen, and provides a good picture. Virtual keyboard which is an ultimate gadget for pc user it emits laser on the desk which appears as an QWERTY keyboard, and operates very smoothly, which also can be connected to the laptops or mobile devices which offers a new computing feature.

 Download 5 Pen PC Technology Seminar Report .

4G technology is focused on the seamlessly integration on the existing wireless technology like wireless LAN, GSM and Bluetooth. This paper discusses about the various generation in mobile communication and the working of the 4G mobile communication. Communication is one of the important features in electronics which are focused on exchange of information. Communication between the systems can be of wired or wireless.

Since 3G was unstable technology due to lack of licensing procedures, standardization and terminal and service compatibility the new technology was introduced 4G which has the highest QoS (quality of service). This paper discusses about the development of mobile communication in a brief manner. The use of 4G has let the user to use multiple services at the same time, which had leaded the use of multi programming in their mobile devices.

Assigning the packets of data to a virtual channel and then multiple the channels are been done, Emergence of a true IP over the air technology. Providing of dynamic quality of service was the top priority in 4G network.  Some of the main key features in 4G technologies are, High usability: anytime, anywhere, and with any technology, Support for multimedia services at low transmission cost, Personalization, Integrated services. For porting up of current technology i.e. 3G to the 4G there are number of challenges to be faced up which are been discussed in detail in this paper, such as multimode terminals for user, terminal mobility, personal mobility, and the security and privacy.

The 4G mobile network can have the data rate more than 20 MB/s, which are capable of handling video conferencing, and almost all internet based operations. This paper also describes about how to use 4G mobile communication in any situation where an intelligent solution are been required for interconnection of different clients to the network applications over a wireless networks. 

 Download Mobile communication System Notes .