Category: MBA Seminar Topics

Project profit and loss Statement

The profit and loss statement is prepared on the basis of the following assumptions.

• I will be able to supply fish to at least 50 hotels per day in the first year, 75 hotels in the second year and 100 hotels in the third year.
• Each hotel will order for 50 kilo grams of fish per day
• The company will be able to deliver fish to hotels 300 days per year
• The cost of buying fish  will be around £1 per unit (one kilo)
• I will be able to sell fish for  £2 per unit
• The profit and loss account is prepared  for three years

   Year 1                   Year 2                   Year 3

Gross Revenue from sale of fish                                               1500000                2250000                3000000                                                                                                          ___________________________________

Expenses:

Rent                                                                                         2400                       2400                           2400

Purchase of freezers                                                        1000                       ——                           ——

Furnishing the building                                                     2000                      ——-                         ——-

Purchase of pick up van                                                                   5000                      ——–                         ——-

Purchase of fish                                                                               750000                  1125000                   1500000

Employee salary                                                                 30000                     40000                        50000

Fuel and maintenance cost of vehicle                         5000                        6000                           7000

Electricity, Telephone bill , etc.                                       5000                        6000                           7000

Interest                                                                                                  15000                      20000                       25000

Advertisement                                                                     5000                       10000                       15000

Legal expenses                                                                     5000                        2000                            2000

Other expenses                                                                               10000                      12000                         15000

                                                                                                ___________________________________

Total costs                                                                           835400                  1223400                  1614400

                                                                                                _________________________________              

Gross profit                                                                        664600                  1026600                1385600

Less: Tax @ 33%                                                               219318                   338778                  457248

                                                                                                 _________________________________

Net Profit                                                                            445282                    687822                  928352

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The capital required for the first year will be mobilised in such a way that Seven Hundred Thousand pounds will be taken as loan from bank and other financial institutions and the remaining £135400 will raised from self and family sources. 

Implementation Plan

The project plan will be implemented through the following phases.

PHASE 1  (Week 1)

The first phase of the project will be to approach a bank for sanctioning a loan for £700000 (The remaining £135400 will be raised from self and family sources). In this stage I would take the project proposal to the bank manager and will have a discussion on sanctioning the loan. If he agree to sanction the loan only I will be able to go further with the project. I hope my bank (State Bank of Travancore, Thiruvananthapuram, Keral) will be happy to sanction the amount as this is a viable projcet and there is less competition in the proposed line. Moreover my good will in the bank also will be a favourable condition.

PHASE 2  (Weeks 1 – 5)

Hiring the establishment would be the next step in the implementation of the project. It is ideal to find a location somewhere near Vizhinjam, a village in the Thiruvananthapuram district where the fishing harbour is located. After identifying an appropriate building in the proposed area, I have to talk to the owner of the building regarding the terms and conditions of hiring the building and sign the agreement. The building would be hired initially for one year and at the end of each year the hiring agreement has to be renewed. Once the building is hired, necessary furnishing and modification works will be under taken  so as to match the project requirements.

PHASE 3  (Weeks 3 –9)

In this stage two things have to be done.

       i.  To apply for an SSI licence

       ii.  To install the equipments

I have to apply to the Government of Kerala, Ministry of Industries for a Small Scale Industry (SSI) licence number as this is an essential condition for running any small business in the state. In order to apply for the SSI licence I have to submit a letter from the pollution control department along with the project proposal and application. It may take around two months to secure the SSI licence number. Mean while I can concentrate on other activities relating to the implementation of the project.

Before installing the freezers, it is important to invite tenders and quotations. One week will be given for submitting quotations. The lowest quotation will be accepted and freezers will be purchased from them. 

 PHASE 4  (Weeks 9 – 11)

Recruitment and training of staff is the first step in this phase. Vacancies will be advertised through dailies and other sources like internet. Qualifications will be fixed according to the position. For example, for the post of finance officer a degree in accountancy is a must. Applicants will be asked to send their applications either directly by post or through e-mail. Experience in the same field will be an added advantage. The applications will be screened and the successful applicants will be called for a detailed disclosure. The selected candidates will be given three days training in their concerned fields. Together with the training the service of an experienced person will be used to design broachers and advertisements.

PHASE 5 (Weeks 9 – 11)

The final phase of the project implementation will comprise of the following activities

• Purchase of delivery van
• Finding customers
• Storing fish
• Final delivery of fish

Quotations will be collected from different companies for buying a delivery van and the van will be purchased from the company which offers the lowest quotation and feasible conditions.

Simultaneously the marketing people will be assigned to find client hotels and the purchase department will buy fish and store it in the freezers. Once the orders are received, the marketing people will deliver fish to the hotels and collect orders for the next day/week. 

Monitoring and Evaluation

Different processes in the project will be evaluated using the critical path analysis and risk analysis. The diagram showing the critical path analysis will help me to find if each and every process of the project got completed as per the plan. 

Critical Path Analysis

1. Finding appropriate location
2. Hiring the building
3. Furnishing the building
4. Securing SSI licence
5. Purchase of freezers
6. Recruiting staff and training
7. Promotion
8. Purchase of van

Every month there will be a meeting of all the project teams where each team will present a detailed report of their activities. The reports and the activities of the teams will be allowed open discussion wherein other members would provide their constructive criticisms and suggestions for improvement. 

Risk Assessment

Risk	Probability	Impact	Monitoring mechanism	Monitored by
Competition	Very  high	Partially lose market	Regular market analysis and finding new customers	Manager and Marketing personnel
Insufficient availability of fish	Likely	May not be able to supply as per demand	Regular verification of stock	Office boy
Theft	Likely	Loss of property	Insuring the office with all its equipments. Regular checking of locks. Fixing a warning alarm	Manager Office secretary Office boy
Fire	Likely	Loss of property	Monitor the temperatures of freezers at every three hours so that its temperature does not go below 3 degree at any point of time	Office boy
Power failure	Very likely	Fish may get rotten	Installing a power generator	Office secretary

The risk assessment would enable me to foresee the possible challenges that may arise while the project in operation so that I can make necessary precautions.

However the success of the project depends upon how far the basic assumptions on which the project is built come true and the bank sanctioning the loan.

Scope of the project

The first attempt will be to hire a building at Vizhinjam, because it is here that the fishing harbour is located and it would be easier for me to buy fish at a lower price. After installing the freezers, the next task would be to identify client hotels to which I can supply fish at a reduced rate than the open market. I would prepare some brochures and advertisements for this purpose. Simultaneously I will also store fish. Once I get the orders, I can supply fish to the hotels using my delivery van. Orders for the next day/week will be collected at the time of delivery. The hotels can also book orders through the telephone system in the office or through internet. The project involves the following tasks and sub tasks.

TASK 1: Setting up the establishment

This task involves the following sub tasks.

• Finding appropriate location near Vizhijam. It is here that the fishing harbour is located wherefrom I can buy fish at a cheaper rate.
• Hiring a building and making necessary furnishings
• Buying freezers
• Getting an SSI Licence from the Government of Kerala, Ministry of Industries
• Recruitment of staff and giving them necessary training
• Promotion activities through advertisements and brochures

TASK 2: Storing Fish

• Purchasing a van
• Purchasing fish in large quantities whenever the catch is high. In Kerala there is no fixed price for the fish. It is fixed according to the catch which is seasonal. During the season like June, July and August the catch is high and the price of fish will be very low.
• Storing the fish in the freezers

TASK 3: Finding customers and delivery of fish

• Finding customers (Hotels) and collecting orders
• Delivery of fish and collecting new orders

List of deliverables

Different activities of the project will take place as per the schedule given.

List of Deliverables	Starting day	Ending day
Finding appropriate location	01	07
Hiring the building	07	21
Furnishing the building	21	35
Securing an SSI Licence	21	79
Purchase of Freezers (inviting quotations, finalising quotation, purchase, installation, etc.)	35	65
Recruiting the staff and training (Advertising the staff requirement, selection and training)	65	79
Promotion activities through advertisements, broachers, etc.	79	90
Purchase of van (inviting quotations, finalising quotation,  purchase)	79	90

Resource Requirements

a)      Physical Resources

In order to implement the project in a successful manner, I need the following physical resources.

                    i.            A building:  A building to function as the office as well as a store house is an essential aspect in the implementation of the project. The building should be designed in such a manner that there is enough facilities for office rooms and keeping the freezers.

                  ii.            A Pick up van:  The van will be used for buying fish from the market as well as delivering the fish to the hotels. Initially I plan to purchase one and once the project gets extended I will have more.

                iii.            Freezer:  This is to store fish. The freezer should be large enough to hoard fish in large quantities because as stated earlier, fish catch is seasonal and during the season catch will high and price will be very low. At this time I can purchase in large quantities and keep it for the off seasons.

b)      Human resources

                    i.            Manager/Proprietor:   One individual will work as the manager/proprietor in the organisation. He will be the driving force behind the organisation. The manager/proprietor is expected to look after the day to day functioning of the project. He should be able to plan and will be responsible for the implementation of the project. The manager should be able to make right decisions at the right time. He should have good knowledge of the market and should have the ability to coordinate and lead the entire team. I myself will take up this position. 

                  ii.            Secretary:  One person will be recruited as office secretary. He will be responsible for the day to day office administration. The secretary should look after the office filing system, must receive and write answers to letters from the clients as well from other official sources. Clerical works in the office will be the other direct responsibility of the secretary. The secretary should discuss the matters with the Manager and is expected to act in accordance with the directions of the manager. 

                iii.            Finance Officer:  The finance officer will look after all the financial dealings of the organisation. It is his responsibility to prepare the day to day income and expenditure statements. He should regularly keep discussing with the manager on all the financial matters of the organisation and should be able to make necessary financial decisions that would benefit the organisation with the consent of the manager/proprietor. He should deal with all the income tax and related matters of the organisation. Till the organisation develops further he is also expected to do the monthly internal auditing of the organisation. Paying the salaries to the employees will be his responsibility. 

                 iv.            Purchase Staff:  Initially this would be a team of two employees. At a later stage when the business gets expanded the list will be enlarged. Purchase of fish from the local sea shore markets and storing it in the freezers will be their major responsibility. They should be will informed about the fish markets and fishing seasons. They should travel to those markets where fish is available in plenty and price is cheaper. They should have the basic understanding of the price of fish in different places. They should also have the basic knowledge of the fishing seasons so that they can discuss the matter with the finance officer and buy fish in large quantities and hoard it for the off seasons. 

                   v.            Marketing Staff:    Initially the marketing personnel may also comprise of two employees. Their prime responsibility would be market the fish that is to find client hotels, collect orders and deliver fish to these hotels and collect further orders for the next day or week. The marketing people assigned definite targets and their performance will be assessed on the basis of the attainment of targets. They will be paid a cash bonus of they out number their targets. 

                 vi.             Office Boy:  The office boy has to assist the office secretary in maintaining the building and other equipments in the office. He should also help the office secretary in taking photocopies and other similar duties. 

c)       Financial resources

The financial resources required for the project is calculated as per the profit and loss statement.

The Business Case

I wish to start fish storage and supply unit at Trivandrum, the capital city of Kerala, India. This “A Business Proposal for Setting up a Fish Cold Storage and Supply Unit” project aims at buying fish direct from the sea shore markets and stores it in the freezing unit. After collecting orders from the hotels, the stored fish will be delivered to them. So hotels in Trivandrum district will be the market for my product. This project aims at:

• Setting up a freezing unit
• Buying fish from the local sea shore markets and store it in the freezing unity
• Collecting orders from hotels and
• Delivering fish to the hotels

Before going into the details of the project I think it is important to give a brief sketch of the Kerala fisheries sector and the food habits of the Keralites.

Kerala is a coastal state in India with a coastal line of 590kms. Fisheries forms one of the major areas of Kerala economy. It is estimated that Kerala produces about 600,000 tonnes of marine fishes every year. The fish products of Kerala are so famous all over the world and are exported to Europe and America along with other parts of the world. The fisheries sector in Kerala contributes to almost 3% of the Kerala economy. 220,000 people are engaged in fishing as their major occupation in Kerala.

Fish is an important dish in the daily food of the Keralites. Hence while going for the lunch outs, they prefer those hotels that have fish menu. As a result most of the hotels in Kerala have special fish dishes.  At present the hotels buy fish direct from the markets at higher price.

Currently the market looks very promising. That is because:

Fish is the most important food item in all the hotels in Kerala.

• It is easier to buy fish directly from the fishermen as Trivandrum district is a sea side area.
• Fishermen sell their catches directly at the sea shore in auction mostly at lower price, which is later taken to the distant markets by the fish vendors selling for higher prices.
• There is a huge fishing harbour (Vizhinjam) and two fish landing centres in the area wherefrom I can easily buy fish.
• There are no such units working at present. Of course there are freezing units but they are not focusing on the hotels. Instead they are aimed at either exporting or looking at far away markets. Hence there will be less competition.
• Hotels in Trivandrum buy fish for their daily use from markets where they pay higher prices.
•  I can deliver fish to the hotels at a comparatively lower price by avoiding the middle men. Thus the hotels can save their time and money.

In order to materialise this project I should get a capital requirement of £835400 in the first year of the project, £1223400 in the second year and£1614400 in the third year. This includes the cost for establishing the building, setting up the freezers, buying a delivery van and initial running costs.

It will not be a difficult task to find at least 50 hotels in the first year, 75 hotels in the second year and 100 hotels in the third year to which I can supply fish. This would come to a turnover of £ 1500000 in the first year, £2250000 in the second year and £300000 at the end of the third year which would earn a net profit of £445282, £687822, and £928352 in the respective years. 

Maximum limit of stock can be described as the higher level of inventory control and the quantity must not exceed the quantity which is defined by the management of business. Maximum limit of stock can be defined as the high quantity of products or items which does not have permission to sell. These products must not get into the market. Then obviously the quantity of these will be increased.

This particular level is constant after concentrating on factors such as inventory, investment, use of source materials, and price of insurance and economic order limit. These factors affect the stock level.

For maintaining such a huge business three features to be considered. They are

• Inventory cost
• cost of source materials
• Availability of resources.

Inventory cost:

Inventory cost is the first most important factor for maximum stock level maintenance. While holding the maximum stock, the important goal to be considered is that the cost of inventory is less. Here it needs to be consider that the order of quantity. Observations on stock levels should be maintained repeatedly. The checking should be done every day.

Cost of source materials:

Stock of source materials should be maintained perfectly. For a business to attain high-level of stock, source materials must be divided into specific no of source materials.

Availability of resources:

Here this concept plays a vital role in attaining stock maintenance. This level is fixed by considering the amount of source materials. The maximum level of stock can be attained by supply management of resources or raw materials.

If the maximum stock level was 25, 000 units and the minimum stock level was 4000 units, calculate the average stock level? 

Average stock level = ½(Maximum stock level + Minimum stock level)

Here, average stock level=1/2(25000+4000 units)

= 14, 500 units.

Explain what is meant by out-of-stock-cost? What could be the impact of this on PDL?

Out-of-stock-cost is costs that can be directly or indirectly recognized that it product  not available ifthe buyer ionce wants to purchase the product and such cost  includes lost furure sales .

 Out-of-stock will incur when it will face out -of- stock leads to loss of sales revenue or else PDL  is incapable to  meet the demand or the orders of the customer. which results the lost contribution margin.

PDL is a tiny B2B business and it has got a big contract which never came before. It has got such a huge order unlike before. So as it got this contract it has to concentrate much on the control factors of stock. According to LAL in a B2B business the crucial factor to be considered is that stock control. It plays a vital role in such business which consist several operations of everyday.

There are some problems regarding supply management and others such as mediators. These threats might affect the stock system directly. At other side there will be a problem of excessive storage of stock. When there is a situation of funds not available. This yields additional storage costs to the organization.

When in the case of less stock the organization will get loss due to the shortage of sales. So the organization much concentrates on the balancing of above.

Nowadays there are many stock control systems which are used to control the stock values at the company.

According to Jacqueline PDS should adopt the new concept as re order stage. The level in re order stage is constant at each level. PDS will check out all the information regarding stock values in the data base. It also checks the information by considering the ROL issues. There is one thing to be considered. That is the barrier of ROL level, If a source material met the ROL level then it explains about the basics to increase the levels of stock.

Several issues such as purchase order confirmation, mechanisms about delivery of products to be clearly understood and applied by the staff of PDS. This procedure improves the inventory control upon the availability of products. As the count of source materials is increasing everyday the existing process or the manual control cannot up bring the business. Manual control is not sufficient for fast improvement in B2B business.

By considering the above features of stock control, PDS should adopt ROL (Re Order Level) in order to complete such big contract successfully within the time.

The advantages of QA at full capacity are:

1. Generation of high revenue and profit making

2. Recruiting more employees

3. Possibility of charging low cost and enlarges the volume.

4. Fixed costs per unit will be at lowest possible level. 

Utilization of full capacity will  permit QA to produce more ,certainly there will be increase in fixed costs, Any how utilization full capacity cannot control cost. 

The disadvantage of QA operating at fully capacity 

By doing like this, there will be reduction of wastage But it doesn’t control the costs.  as output enlargement restricted by the vary present capacity, rigid capacity prices will be being extend  the crosswise that advanced output and must be increasing on a per unit basis, and  to  the accountant of QA,   because the way in which costs ought to best owed  obliquely products, markets would  be open for issue, but he can’t take decisions concerning scheduling.

Utilization determines the degrees, to which resources utilized, which resources are absolute states (aircraft utilization in average hours per day or per year) or a little bit, of what is possible (floor space of cabin utilization is a fraction seat factor). Capacity utilization of airlines declared in relative to aircraft seats. If the fleet utilization rises then the output increased.  

Aircraft capacity utilization affects the unit cost heavily. For this reason, increase the capacity utilization and allows yield to creating the balanced increase in predetermined costs (they are labor cost, annual depreciation and insurance charges). In addition, capacity utilization increased in reducing wastage’s  does not control cost and low average cost per unit. After, objective of the increased capacity utilization is that takes with it a small number of famous complications.

On other hand, fixed costs (such as insurance charges and annual depreciation) not affect by the decreased capacity utilization. Moreover, increase the unit costs per unit. Lesser utilization rate interprets to increased cost for every unit (Holloway). Now it becomes slight change in aircraft capacity utilization and it will found the effect the unit cost. In addition, unit costs will increase in the decreased capacity utilization. Therefore, the utilized capacity will disburse (pay) the unutilized capacity. 

In the above diagram, U-shaped long –run and short-run average cost curves explained. The short-run output pointed as Ym and Ym1. In addition, other similar long-run output pointed as Yt and Yt1.  The two prospective outputs join at the y₁ level.  If the scale in increasing then y₁< y_{m .}otherwise the scale in decreasing y_t1>y_m1.

Evaluate the similar consequences for an increased capacity utilization operation (seating occupancy).

          Increased capacity utilization is consequences in some complications for an aircraft.

          Firstly, the capacity allows exact fixed costs and that is not differ with the yield. Creation of fixed cost for each unit of the result is high when the yield is little relative to present capacity.  For this reason, if current capacity varies then output increases, predetermined capacity costs are spreads across the bigger output and it will be defines in unit basis. 

The increase incapacity of utilization of an aircraft is due to even though there will reduction of wastage still there is no declination of cost .This is  because there is no control on price. The production process with precised ability will have a certain level of rigid costs which is characteristic to the resource, and  used to form and maintain it. By observing this here it can notice that increase in the production due to below prearranged capacity doesn’t manage the resources.

It can  only helped to reduce wastage. Here it derive that, when there is increase in utilization of capacity there will decrease in average costs, this might permit lower prices. In detail,if  demand is high then  it endorse lower prices sales so that  there will be increase in operating costs. This is much obscured task for the accountants of airlines that are the deliberation of revenue creation is connect to further issues of product quotation and pricing. 

When there is increase in capacity utilization then air craft will decide whether incremental production creates a profit to them and also decide operation is direct with the issue of what entailed the profitability. Here accountant will check for the profits after separating all the expenditure cost, which was spent for the production of product. It includes all variable costs as well as fixed costs. Here accountant should take good decision for allocation of cost to crosswise products and for markets etc and he should also decide about scheduling. The other problem is when we produce the additional products .then they will checks whether it covers all the fixed and variable costs.

Factors and Issues Involved:

The introduction of Multi-skilled Worker concept in NHS Rossett Trust Hospital, which implemented as a pilot project in a large ward and after one year ended without implementing in full length. With this implementing process the trust expected some good achievements and this implementation was made for good cause, but finally with some problems in implementing process, and misunderstandings between the groups and internal managerial competition between two directories the long and costly effort for change proved useless and ended with no result.

The factors and issues that involved in failing the effort are as follows.

Non co-operation:

            The main factor that effected the implementation process is the non co-operation between two directories, and as well as between the managers and the staff from different groups. There is an internal competition is going on between two directories. This is started with the issue of ward manager’s control lessness among the generic workers in the ward. The generic staff is working in the wards which comes under the ward manager, but the ward manager does not have control over that staff who report to the managers in Site Service Directorate. This started the controversy in the trust first. After that shifting of some three thousand hours from clinical directorate to site service directorate raised the controversy. This made the non cooperativeness among the staff. 

Change in Hours and Shifts:

 Major changes in hours worked in any week , and shift timings made some protest against the implementation. Around forty three percentage of staff are over five years experienced in this hospital, the sudden change made them afraid. The nurses are afraid of their job lost.

Because 3,700 hours per year are shifting from nurses to hotel workers, so they afraid that they may be lost their jobs because of implementation of this new scheme.

Gender Issues:

The trust is employed with more than 80% of women staff, but maximum of porter staff are men. Here the gender issue is raised. When the new system moved all the cleaning jobs from nurses to the hotel services staff and dedicated nurses only for the medical services, the men porters are started to feel that the ladies are not going to clean again, and all our future work is going to be cleaning. They started feeling that cleaning is a women job. In this case managers are failed to motivate the staff, and aware them of the fact.

Implementation process:

 The trust taken a correct decision to test the scheme by implementing t as a pilot project, but the implementation team worked in a directive way. That made some resistance. The team is an achievement oriented and behaved over enthusiastic. It ignored such an important things like opinion taking and feedback. The pilot project directly affected only 12 people but its effect passed all the trust. The unions felt that this is not going to work, that is why they voted against the implementation. 

The Trade Union (UNISON):

The UNISON convenor, Collis Ambrose rejecting the proposal openly was one of the factors to rejection of implementation in voting. The proposal designers ignored the UNISON rules and regulations. The change in wages, shifts, and hours made so many the existing contracts, so the trade union rejected this fairly.

Conclusion:

            After careful study of the case study it can be concluded that the implementation of new system is failed because of some motivation and leadership issues. Gender issue also played a major role. If the implementation mangers take a little care the implementation would be succeeded. Some managers behaviour and staffs fear about the job looseness also contributed their rolls in project failure.  

The following are the recommendations:

Before implementing the project some awareness in the staff of all groups could be done.

After implementing the pilot project, parallel interaction camps could be done with the clinical staff.

The implementation team can use participatory leadership style, other than directive.

Leadership Theories:

“Those managing the change did not gather the whole workforce together to discuss the changes.” Thought the establishing the project the team did not discussed or involved any personnel who is effected by this scheme. They believed in that which they felt is good.

The team managed by Lipton was dedicated and enthusiastic, as mentioned in the case study. They are achievement-oriented behaviour. Their only goal is to implement and success the project. According to this statement it can be consider the team as Achievement-oriented team.

They used the common notice boards to display the rotas and other important development in the project, but the case study does not mention anything about the feedback. So they used the Telling method to tell the staff about the latest updates but does not cared about their opinion and feedback.

The Path Goal Theory  can be applicable to the implementing team. In this case study the implementation team tried to success the project in a such a way they believe is the best for the present situation. They behaved directive, and telling to motivate the subordinates by showing them the positive result of the project. In the case study it mentioned that “ they believed that if it could be made to work well on the pilot scheme then good news would spread and people would come on board”. The team is trying to get succeeded in the pilot project and it is believing that after success everybody will satisfied and join, but they neglected the things happening through the project. This made them fail at the end of the project.

At the time of decision making to either implement or remove the Multi-skilled Worker concept, the unions of the trust decided to conduct an voting and release a ballot. This approach can be considered as Participatory Leadership behaviour. This approach is an effective and most success proved method in the history for good decision making process.

Groups and teams, team leadership:

According to the case study there are some issues in the deferent groups in the Rossett NHS Trust. These issues are expressed by some of the managers in the trust in the case study. In page nine of the case study it is clearly mentioned that there are some problems between hotel services and medical services groups, they are not willing to work as a team with a team spirit, and they are developing some boundaries between two groups like the clinical group is thinking that the hotel services are only for cleaning and they are not part of the medical services, and unfortunately the hotel services group also feeling like that. A  manager from hotel services arranged some meetings with clinical groups to improve  awareness in them, but nobody responded for that. This statement is showing their ignorance of hotel services group.

            These groups are ignoring that they all are here for reach one goal that is servicing the patients effectively and satisfy the customer with our service. 

Management and Leadership:

In the case study it mentioned that there are two directories, according to the situations from the case study it can be said that there is a gap between these two managements. If we take the issue of implementation of the Multi-skilled workers the managers opinion from each group are quit opposite. The manager from Multi-skilled workers concept Ms. Lipton said about new scheme that “ Basically if anything need moving we move it; if it needs feeding we feed it; if it needs cleaning we clean it and that’s what generic working is about”( page 8, paragraph 1, case study). In the same situation Directorate General Manager (DGM) Mr. Thomas Alban from clinical directories said like “The goal posts have been endlessly moving, it changes with the wind. One minute they are going to be doing ABC and the next minute it was ABC”( page 8, paragraph 3 case study).

The above context is showing that these two directories had a cold war from inside. There are some more reasons for it. Because of the new implementing system the clinical directory is losing about 37,500 hours per year ( these work going to hotel services from nurses) and that work is shifting to Site Service Directorate this caused a little controversy, and in the present working scheme the portering staff who are working in the wards under ward managers, they will report to their managers in the Site Service Directorate, and the ward managers who belongs to clinical directorate control among the portering staff was limited, this issue also caused frustration in the trust( mentioned on page 6, last paragraph).

Motivation:

This is the important element in any organisation to succeed with efficient productivity. In the Rossett NHS trust it is needed more to motivate the staff towards the achievement.

When we take in account the literature, the above statement can be proved. In the introduction of the case it is mentioned that the absenteeism of the hospital is favourable with other organisations, but the turnover of the trust is advert when we compare it. It is clearly showing that the other organisations with more absenteeism than rossett trust, they are getting more turnover than this, but why rossett not able get more turnover. This question only can be satisfied with one answer that is ‘motivating the staff’.  

Ms. Lipton said in UNISON the trade union meeting in page 9 and paragraph 3 of the case study that; the domestic staff believes that this is only ‘a cost improving exercise’. Actually it is not only for that, it is majorly for improving the customer service. But the managers failed here to motivate the staff and let them to feel that this is for the patients and not only for the cost improvement. By announcing this statement Lipton expressed her unrestraint on the staff.

“The sub group comprising the generic worker role were often referred as ‘TRIBES’ by managers across the hospital”(case study: multiskilling at NHS rossett trust, MBA, Glyndwr university, 2010, page 9 and paragraph 2). This line is from case page 9 and paragraph 2, clearly explains the situation in the workplace of rosette NHS hospital. It can be said that because of this situation the trust is not able to get more turnover. This tells us the managers instead of  motivating the staff, they are criticising and commenting on the staff. In this condition nobody can work with full effort.

One more example as above paragraph is mentioned in page 9 and paragraph 2 of case study is ‘’ a group of domestics, known as ,ward hostesses’, enjoyed a somewhat privileged position among their colleagues whose work focused almost exclusively on cleaning.’’(page 9 and paragraph 2 of case study). This is also can be treated as lack of motivation. Because all staff in the staff are working under a trust and under a system so all should be treated same irrespective of their position.

Another thing is that the all porters are mostly men in the female population leading organisation rossett NHS trust. This made the porters felt like all the women are going off from cleaning job and we are going to do this all the time in future (according to page 9 paragraph 2). Adding to this Ms. Lipton a women manager of pilot project in a large ward stated that; ‘’ women will go for it to see men cleaning, and they really enjoy the varied workload’’. These situations and these statements made the porters feel like the above.

The another most important example is that the different groups in hospital like doctors, nurses, porters and etc.. have to be work as team to improve efficiency. The managers from deferent departments should motivate them to do so, but here the deferent groups are not willing to work like a team and they are not even caring for that( according to the case study).