Analysis Of Energy Consumption In India Python Project

Energy is one of the most important resources available to man and it is necessary to keep a check on the growing need for energy day by day.

The Issue of the availability of Energy is getting prominent these days. So to analyze the consumption of energy and production of Energy via available Energy Resources is important.

The project describes the consumption of energy resources of all states of India in the last few years with respect to the population of India state-wise and predicts the future energy requirements for every state.

INTRODUCTION

India is a growing economic superpower. At this point in time, we are sitting at the tip of our economic explosion. The vast reserves of resources in all factors of production have earned us the title of The Land of Potential. But this comes at a cost, with this growth potential comes the need to satisfy the potential through the generation of energy.

To meet this challenge of growing energy is very important for India and it is even more important to predict the future requirements of energy in our country.

If we are able to predict the energy required in the future it will boost the potential of the country and increase the overall growth in every field

Background and Basics:

The programming language Python is very useful for the analysis of data in every field.
Python has been used to show the analysis of data in a diagrammatical format like a Pie Chart, Bar Chart, and Multiple Bar Chart.
It also shows a map of India with respect to the intensity of Energy Consumption as well as the Population of India state-wise. By using Machine Learning.
We have predicted the requirement of the amount of energy for every state using The Linear Regression Machine Learning Algorithm. It uses two parameters on the outcome and one on which the outcome depends
The population has been used as a parameter on which energy depends

Future Use

This program gives a clear idea about the energy requirement in the Future.

Software and Hardware Requirements

Details of software

Python
Anaconda (Spyder) IDE
Required Python Libraries:
Numpy
Pandas
Matplotlib
Tkinter
PIL
Mpl_toolkits.basemapDetails of hardware

Details of Hardware

Working PC

Methodology

The SUBMIT button on the GUI checks the availability of state i.e.it checks the correct state.

The PIE Chart on the GUI plots the energy resource required percentage-wise.
The BAR Chart on the GUI plots the energy resource required percentage-wise.
Flow of Project
Our project takes a dataset of the population from the year 2013 to 2017 and energy requirements in India per state from the year 2013 to 2016.

The data from every set from the years 2013-16 has been used in order to train the machine using linear Regression and data from 2017 for the population has been used in order to test the model to predict the future requirement of energy.

The energy requirements predicted as well as actually have been represented using the map of India i.e. greater the intensity on the map higher the energy required for that state, bar chart, and Pie chart.

Results and Discussion

Pie Chart of Energy Resources of Maharashtra Year 2015
Resource-wise Production of energy

Map of India according to energy consumption

Conclusion

We have used python to show the analysis of data in a diagrammatical format like a Pie Chart, Bar Chart, and Multiple Bar Chart.
It also shows a map of India with respect to the intensity of Energy Consumption as well as the Population of India state-wise.
By using Machine Learning, we have predicted the requirement of the amount of energy in the specified year for each state in India.
Technologies used in the project are Python, Machine learning, and Data Analysis.
This program gives a clear idea about the energy requirement in the Future.

Online Cafe and Salon Management System Angular Project

During the Internship, Students worked on various static websites which include websites of café and event management companies. My internship also includes work on the Angular project Salon management system. This management system includes my main contributions in the registration portal, login portal, password changing portal, membership and offer cards, and other registration and contacts forms. This summer internship provided me with team experience and helped me in developing my skills in Web development using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Students have worked with the development of the front end and design of a Company’s Website and Dashboard.

Overall, the Internship program helped me in different ways to grow my knowledge in my field and also gave me insight into how to work in a team with proper coordination and in a timely manner.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Working on these Cafe and Salon Management System projects has given us a wide opportunity to think, implement and interact with various aspects of computer technologies as well as learn new skills. One of the most fruitful benefits of working on this project is that we got a proper experience of working as a team, working on our assigned tasks, supervising and correlating with others, and management of the entire team with their tasks and completing the whole project.

I would also like to express our sincere thanks to our HOD and Course Directors, because of them we got the opportunity of having this group project as a subject in our current semester, and as a result, provided us the seed of execution of such a wonderful idea into action.

Overview of Projects

  • The Salon is a salon management system that has functions like admin management, customer tracking, and product shopping from the web.
  • The Café is a static site that has been designed for the users to get acknowledgment about the café. It has functionalities like booking tables, ordering online food, and menu details.

Objective

  • The objective of the salon management system: The Salon is to keep track of its daily expenses, customer, manage staff, and Publicity of its salon.
  • Static website Cafe management system which is designed also has the main objective of reaching more and more people through the help of the internet and making their marketing more strategic in the market.

Tools and Technologies

When the idea of making a web-based application came to our mind, the first thing that was required to be done was to gather information about the things that were required to be learned by us in order to make this project come to life. Hence after some brainstorming and group discussions, we followed the following figure and according to that learned the things in order.

After conducting this brainstorming and learning the process the tools and technologies that we had to use were as follows:

For Salon:

  • Angular
  • NodeJS
  • Stackoverflow (to learn about our software requirements)
  • GitHub (to learn about our topic)

For Static Website (The Cafe): 

  • Html
  • CSS
  • JavaScript
  • Bootstrap

IDE’s:

  • Visual Studio Code

Roles and Responsibility

  • Contributed to the making of a few modules for the Salon which includes modules like registering customers, forgetting passwords, and reset
  • Also contributed to live project

Implementation Environment:

 The backbone and the main aspect of the software side of the project were to run the HTML code, perform the JavaScript and make the site more user-friendly by adding CSS. So the implementation was carried out in such a way that the correlation of different files would be done easily. Hence, the use of an IDE was a must. Initially, we thought of using IntelliJ IDEA but the idea was dropped later on and we began working with the visual studio code 2020.

Sometimes to organize we even had to use some text editors like sublime text, atom, etc. Implementation of the code was done altogether after we researched and sorted the image data that we obtained. The basic approach that we used was the partial compilation method and went on integrating the small amount of the code into larger ones, module by module.

CONCLUSION

 In the end, we would just like to briefly explain how this project helped us to excel at our own best level and made us learn a lot of new things, technologies, and team management. And also implement all of the skills that we previously acquired or learned later on as a part of the completion of the project. Moreover, this project helped us to learn about the real scenarios of working in a team for real tasks and to cope with deadlines, quality management, and each and every aspect of the project. This project gave us the motivation to think differently and express our own ideas to implement them. Also, it taught us how to deal with errors, quality-related, time-related, and other management-related problems.

Most importantly with the medium of this project, we learned Many new skills, ranging from soft skills to technical skills. Qualities related to management, problem-saving time saving, etc. were also learned by us. We tried to make an honest solution for people out there facing problems and learned how all the skills combined: with the help of a perfect team and proper management along with proper skills is the key to providing the solution to any possible problems out there. And we believe that we did a great job implementing all our knowledge, and are grateful to present this execution of one such idea.

Thanking all those who helped us in a big or a small way with this project. Every contribution that has been given is very valuable to us and is the true reason for this project to stand out as a pioneer-based preliminary project and success of this project. With that being notified we heartily present our project and welcome all suggestions or improvements with open hands.

Online Banking Website Project using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

In this academic project, we are going to create an Online Banking Website using basic HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. We have planned and going to create as per the design given by the instructor. Which include:-

  • A home page that will provide all the necessary views. And it includes the link to the various linked pages (login/signup page, services, fixed deposit, e-services, account details, about us).
  • The top bars include the link to every single linked page.
  • We are going to provide services like Personal internet banking, Corporate banking, Merchant business, and Online tax.
  • Payment transfer: – International transfer, National transfer, Bill payment.
  • My Account page contains: – Account No. , Bank / Branch. IFSC Code.
  • ABOUT US page which shows the details of our contacts and our headquarters.2 Online Banking Websites

Concept:-

  • We have used the concept of HTML Programming like o Hyperlink projection.
  • Use of different tags to make it visually better like font, table, listing, hyperlink, styling, etc.

Use of:-

  • Combo Box
  • Search Box
  • Button
  • Text Field
  • Label
  • Fieldset
  • Legend

This project is basically an online banking website where one can create his/hers bank account, and use the same account for various banking services.
All designing and programming are done by us only.
All the members have their role in creating this website.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Project Name: Online Banking Website

Languages Used: HTML, CSS, JavaScript

Software Used: Visual Studio Code

Browser Used:  Google Chrome

Description:

This project is not a pure website that works on the internet. This project is just a template of a bank website, which can be used with the backend to create a perfectly working website. This website is work fine with JavaScript, CSS (Cascading Style Sheet), and HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), with some simple concepts to make it a Responsive Web Page.

PROJECT CONTENT

This website is consist of various HTML pages, which are linked to each other with links (either by link or anchor tag).

Following are the HTML file names involved in the project:

  1. html (Home Page)
  2. html (Login Page)
  3. html (Sign Up Page)
  4. html (Personal Internet Banking)
  5. html (Corporate Banking)
  6. html (Merchant Business)
  7. html (Online Tax)
  8. html ( International Money Transfer
  9. html (National Money Transfer)
  10. html (Bill Payment)
  11. html (Fixed Deposit)
  12. html (E-Services)
  13. html (My Account)
  14. html (About Us)

Following are the CSS files name involved in this project: (Here, we used a simple convention in the naming of the files: “<html_file_name>CSS.css”

  1. css (Home Page)
  2. css (Login Page)
  3. css (Sign Up Page)
  4. css (Personal Internet Banking)
  5. css (Corporate Banking)
  6. css (Merchant Business)
  7. css (Online Tax)
  8. css ( International Money Transfer
  9. css (National Money Transfer)
  10. css (Bill Payment)
  11. css (About Us)
  12. css (My Account)
  13. css (Fixed Deposit)
  14. css (E-Services)

Following are the JavaScript file names involved in this project:

  1. js (Login Page)
  2. js (Sign Up Page)
  3. js (Personal Internet Banking)
  4. js (Fixed Deposit)
  5. js (Bill Payment)

CONCEPTS USED

As above mentioned, this template website is made up of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

The concept used in HTML:

  1. Using the link to add an external CSS file to it.
  2. Using the “src” attribute with the “script” tag we link external JavaScript.
  3. Using the “div” tag to separate various parts of the webpage to give functionality and style separately.
  4. Using “h1” tags to give a heading.
  5. Using “img” tag to give images on the webpage.
  6. Using anchor (“a”) tags to link multiple HTML files to each other.
  7. Using “id” and “class” attributes with different tags to give them style and functionality accordingly.
  8. Using the “form” tag to use the form for the login and sign-up page.
  9. Using the “method” attribute’s value as “POST” to give the form data securely.
  10. Using “input” tags to make an input field for the users. (With its different types.)
  11. Using “onload”, “onclick”, “onblur”, “onchange” with its value to call the functions which are in the respective JavaScript files on loading the webpage, on clicking a button, on losing focus, and changing the state respectively.
  12. Using “label” tags to create labels for the input fields.
  13. Using “select” tags to create a drop-down menu or combo box in the form.
  14. Using “option” tags inside the “select” tag to give options in the drop-down menu.
  15. Using “button” tags to create a button for submitting and resetting the form.

The concept used in CSS:

  1. Using “#” and “.” to access elements with their id and class values respectively.
  2. Using some pseudo-classes to make a somewhat interactive web page. (Without using JS.)
  3. Using media queries to make the page responsive for some specific display ratios.
  4. Using “@import” for importing another CSS file to a specific file.

The concept used in JavaScript:

(In this project, JavaScript is used mainly for form validation and for interactive buttons.)

  1. Using Regular Expression (RegEx) for creating a pattern for email and password validations as they have a specific pattern in them.
  2. Using “window.location.replace()” to go to a specific location on calling it.
  3. And using other pre-defined functions to create our user-defined functions.

CONTRIBUTION BY TEAM MEMBERS:

  • The idea of the project and its structure of it.
  • Creating all JavaScript files, to make our web pages interactive.
  • Final touch-up to the project.
  • Creating all CSS files, to make our web pages beautiful.
  • Creating all HTML files, to add content into it.

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION:

Here are some images of our project.

  • home.html
  • acc.html
  • login.html
  • signUp.html
  • billPay.html 

CONCLUSION

This online banking website project is completed in two scripting languages i.e. HTML and CSS, and JavaScript.

There is a total of 14 .html pages which are linked together to create a full website template for online banking.

In this project, all three developers work equally, with the same amount of effort.

REFERENCES

1. w3school.org
2. geeksofgeeks.com
3. developer.mozilla.com

Download the complete project on code, report of Online Banking Website Project using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript

MOODIFY – Suggestion of Songs on the basis of Facial Emotion Recognition Project

Modify is a song suggested that recommends the song to the user according to his mood. ‘Modify’ will do the job leaving the user to get carried away with the music.

I/We, student(s) of B.Tech, hereby declare that the project entitled “MOODIFY (Suggestion of Songs on the basis of Facial Emotion Recognition)” which is submitted to the Department of CSE in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in CSE. The Role of Team Mates involved in the project is listed below:

  • Training the model for facial emotion recognition.
  • Designing the algorithm for image segregation.
  • Algorithm designing for music player.
  • Graphical user interface designing.
  • Testing the model.
  • Collection of data for model and music player.
  • Preprocessing of the data and images.

Dataset:

The dataset we have used is “Cohn-Kanade”. 
This dataset is classified so we cannot provide the actual dataset but the link for you to download is :
http://www.consortium.ri.cmu.edu/ckagree/index.cgi
And to read more about the dataset you can refer to:
http://www.pitt.edu/~emotion/ck-spread.htm

Feature Extraction and Selection:

1. Lips
2. Eyes
3. Forehead
4. Nose

These features are processed by CNN layers and then selected by the algorithm and then they are converted to a NumPy array then the model is trained by that and the following three classifications are made.

How this project works:

  • First Open the Application, CHOOSE THE MODE IN WHICH YOU WANT TO LISTEN to THE SONG
  • Then it shows “YOUR MOOD, YOUR MUSIC”
  • Press “OKAY TO CAPTURE THE IMAGE”
  • After that press “c” to capture
  • You seem Happy please select your favorite genre
  • You seem Excited please select your favorite genre
  • You Seem Sad please select your favorite genre

CODE DESCRIPTION

  • All libraries are imported into this.
  • Model Initialization and building.
  • Training of test and testing.
  • Training our model
  • Model Building, Splitting of test and train set, and training of the model.
  • Saving a model.
  • Loading a saved model.
  • Saving image with OpenCV after cropping and loading it and then the prediction
  • Suggesting songs in Offline mode
  • Suggesting songs online(Youtube)
  • Rest of the GUI part
  • Variable Explorer

IPython Console

  • Importing Libraries
  • Model Training
  • Model Summary
  • Online Mode
  • Offline Mode

GUI

  • Splash Screen
  • Main Screen
  • Selection screen
  • Display songs and then select them, after that they will play

Summary

We successfully build a model for Facial Emotion Recognition(FER) and trained it with an average accuracy over various test sets of over 75%. Then we successfully build a Desktop application to suggest songs on the basis of their facial expression and hence completed our project. This FER model can be widely used for various purposes such as home automation, social media, E-commerce, etc and we have the motivation to take this project to a next level.

Download the complete Project code, report on MOODIFY – Suggestion of Songs on the basis of Facial Emotion Recognition Project

Implementation of E-voting Machine Project using Python and Arduino

INTRODUCTION

Our E-voting Machine project is very useful, This Project was implemented using Python and Arduino. The user is no longer required to check his register in search of records, after the voting procedure gets over, the admin will be able to calculate the total number of votes in just one click since the entire work is done using computers. The user just needs to enter his/her unique voter ID.

In today’s world, no one likes to manually analyze the result after the voting procedure gets over because the process is time-consuming and of which results get usually delayed. Everyone wants his/her work to be done by computer automatically and displaying the result for further manipulations. So this E-voting Machine project is about providing convenience regarding voting.

OBJECTIVE

  • Our objective for the E-voting Machine project is to make a user-friendly Electronic Voting Machine that makes the current voting process faster, easier, and error-free.
  • We have used Arduino in our project for the implementation of push buttons and Python as a programming language.

PROBLEM STATEMENT 

The problem statement was to design a module:

  • Which is a user-friendly E-voting Machine
  • Which will restrict the user from accessing other users’ data.
  • Which will ease the calculations and storage of data.
  • Which will help the jury to declare the result without any biasing.

FUNCTIONS TO BE PROVIDED:

The E-voting Machine system will be user-friendly and completely secured so that the users shall have no problem using all options.

  • The system will be efficient and fast in response.
  • The system will be customized according to needs.

FOR e-VOTING SYSTEM

  • (Check
  • Store
  • )

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

  • Programming Language Used: Python, C
  • Hardware Used: Arduino UNO
  • Components Used: Push buttons, Connecting Wires, Resistances(100k ohm), Breadboard
  • Software Used: Anaconda 2.7.x, Python 2.7.x, Arduino IDE
  • Modules Used: Serial, SQLite, Tkinter, tkMessageBox

WORKING

  • The user has to enter his/her ID in the system.
  • After verifying the user ID, the system will show a message that whether a user is eligible to vote or not after checking his/her details stored in the system.
  • A message will be displayed accordingly. The user will then have to press the button against which the name of the candidate is written and whom he/she wants to vote.
  • The votes hence are stored in the database and the results will be announced accordingly.

FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

My project “e-VOTING SYSTEM” will be a great help in conducting voting at various organizations. So the modifications that can be done in our project is to add one major change which can be done in this project is to add the data of the voters. This will result in the total identification of the voter.

CONCLUSION

From this E-voting Machine project, we can conclude that this program is very useful in conducting the voting procedures smoothly. It provides easy methods to analyze the voting result. It helps in conducting faster, more secure, and more efficient voting. The program can be used per the norms of the voting requirements.

Download the complete project code, report, and PPT on E-voting Machine using Python and Arduino.

Mini Project on Student Profile Management System using Java

Develop a java based application using GUI to maintain student records. This Student Profile Management application should have a login page. The Student Profile Management should take student details like name, address, branch, previous year scores, and curricular and extra-curricular activities, and all the entered data should be displayed at the end for confirmation.

Project Programming Details –

1) LoginFrame :

Login Frame is GUI based window that is displayed when the user first executes the program. It is the welcome page through which the user will move on to the next frame.
It contains a button with an ActionListener() which on pressing opens Frame2.

2) Frame2 :

Frame2 is the login page. This page takes the user id and password as input and only after successful verification of user the user is allowed to move to the next page.
The default user id password is
User id:- admin
Password:- admin1234

3) Frame3 :

Frame3 is where the user is given the option to enter their details such as name, age, branch, and address and select their gender from the drop-down menu. Each detail to be entered is stored using JTextField() and JRadioButton is used to display the drop-down menu for the gender selection. Finally, there is the submit details button which on pressing triggers ActionListener() and checks whether the user-given input is legitimate or not, if it is not then it pops an alert message that reminds the user to enter the correct details. Once the correct input is given, we pass this information on to Frame4.

4) Frame4 :

Frame4 is where the user is given the option to enter their details such as their previous academic achievements, their 10th, and 12th scores, their average pointer, and their extra-curricular and co-curricular activities. Each detail to be entered is stored using JTextField() and JRadioButton is used to display the drop-down menu for the gender selection. Finally, there is the submit details button which on pressing triggers ActionListener() and checks whether the user-given input is legitimate or not, if it is not then it pops an alert message that reminds the user to enter the correct details. Once the correct input is given, we pass this information on to Frame5.

5) Frame5 :

Frame5 class is where we receive the user input taken in Frame3 and Frame4 and using JLabel()’s we display it on our Java application windows. There are two buttons to either make a new entry or exit. On clicking on the first button, ActionListener() is triggered which calls Frame3(), and thus we can enter details of another entry.

6) Student Details :

This is the final class that contains the main method, which calls the LoginFrame().

The output Results of the project will be:

  • Welcome page
  • Login Frame
  • Credential verification
  • User input
  • User input verification
  • Additional inputs
  • User input verification
  • Displaying user details
  • Making new entry

Thus, using a GUI-based java application we have successfully created Student Profile Management application with a welcome page, and login verification page, which takes various student details as input, verifies them and displays it in the end.
A major advantage of GUI is that it makes computer operations more intuitive and thus easier to learn and use.
Icons are more user-friendly than long command lines. GUIs provide the user with immediate, visual feedback about the effect of each action.

Download the complete project source code on Student Profile Management System.

Online System Shopping Management Project Synopsis

This document brief up the project titled “Online System Shopping Management”. The main objective of our project is to provide users with an online experience for buying computers. This project helps the user to check the rates on the net and compare them, and also view and purchase more products that are related to computers like accessories and everything.

This project gives a clear user Interface as to what detail the user requires about every computer present in stock and also every detail of the accessories etc.        

INTRODUCTION:-

This site will be developed to make shopping for computers online. The site will be developed to help the user and also the seller. Any user can just use the net and shop for computers and also this reduces the load of sellers interacting with the customers.

In the present system, the computers are purchased manually by visiting the shop. So there is a need of automating the existing system by providing software solutions for it. So that there is the ease of shopping for the user in their busy life. By visualizing and experiencing all these problems, we felt it would be better to provide a solution for this problem. This was the basic reason for taking up this problem.

Problem Statement: 

The main aim of developing this project is to automate the process of shopping for computers. It also provides the seller with every record automated and avoids the interaction with the customers to convince the rate and all. It also provides users to choose every product on the site and also can purchase many products simultaneously.

A user can view his/her details about the product or buy a product by logging in with user name and password

Objectives:

  • The main purpose of using this new system is to provide, ease of shopping and selling for both customer and seller.
  • The objective of this new system is to provide easy access to the world of shopping.
  • This system provides security and backup of the data for the seller.

Technology Used:

WEB PROGRAMMING MODEL:

The idea of using the Web as an application environment developed over time, with each stage of technology serving as a springboard for new ideas.

ER-DIAGRAM

SCHEMA DIAGRAM

Employee Data Base Management Project using Data Structures with Java

We are doing a project which is about storing the data (details) of employees of a company or any other industry.

In this project, we are providing many functions to store and manipulate the data of employees such as

  • Storing the details like name of the employee,  ID, salary, date of joining, etc.
  • Adding new employee details to the existing list.
  • Providing the report of required employees.
  • To provide details of a specific employee.
  • To give the sorted list of employees based on name, ID, salary, and date of joining.
  • This project also gives the report of employees with certain specifications.

For this project, we are using a data structure-linked list to store the details of employees, and also we can add details of a new employee to the existing list. We are implementing the method to search for an employee and give details provided his name or ID. In this project, we also have a method to sort the list of employees based on name, ID, salary, and date of joining using different data structures. This project allows users to get the details of a certain number of employees from the list. We can also use this project to get the list of employees with certain specifications like the number of employees whose salary is in the given range.

INTRODUCTION

Our project “Employee Data Base Management”  is an application that we have created that helps to manage the details of employees associated with the company.  Since in a company, there are many employees who have worked or are working, to manage all their details such as their name, ID, date of joining and salary, etc., so to manage these data by conventional methods is cumbersome so we have developed this small application which is very helpful nowadays. This application will reduce the workload in generating the report, maintaining the data, and updating it as per the user’s requirement.

In our project, we have provided two user modes. First is the administrator and guest mode.

In our project, the administrator mode gives the user the ability to

  • Add a new employee’s details.
  • Update the details of an existing employee.
  • Delete (fired from the company) the details of a specific employee from the database.
  • Search for the details of an employee based on name or his/her ID in both working and nonworking categories.
  • Display the list of all employees either in the working or nonworking category.

In our project, the guest mode gives the user the  to 

  • Search for the details of an employee based on name or his/her ID in both working and nonworking categories.
  • Generate a report as the guest user desires for example generating the report in a sorted manner based on name, and ID.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective behind the development of this project is to create software with the following features:

  1. Highly user-friendly
  2. Enterprise independent
  3. Cross-platform
  4. Easy-to-use
  5. Tested system to track unnoticed error
  6. Data entry is restricted to valid domains to avoid errors

We are using the node ENode to form a doubly linked list and in each node, we are storing the details of one employee.

In each node, we are having different fields as follows

  • Left- Address of the previous node
  • Name-Name of the employee
  • ID-Employee’s ID
  • Position-Employee’s position in the company/firm
  • Gender-Gender of the employee
  • Salary-Employee’s annual income
  • Date of join-Date on which employee joined the company
  • Right-Address of the next node

Flow Chart:

IMPLEMENTATION

Class ENode

In this class, we have fields to store the details of employees. In each node, we are having different fields as follows

  • Left- Address of the previous node
  • Name-Name of the employee
  • ID-Employee’s ID
  • Position-Employee’s position in the company/firm
  • Gender-Gender of the employee
  • Salary-Employee’s annual income
  • Date of join-Date on which employee joined the company
  • Right-Address of the next node

Class EList

In this class, we have implemented the following methods

  • addEmp : this method does the job of adding the ENode node of employee details to the list-elist. And also this method is used to add ENode read from the file(“employee.dat”) again to the elist.
  • delEmp : this method does the job of deleting the node ENode from the working employees list elist and calls the method naddEmp and passes the deleted node as a parameter.
  • naddEmp : this method does the job of adding the ENode node of employee details which is deleted from elist to the list-nlist. And also this method is used to add ENode read from a file (“nemployee.dat”) again the nlist.
  • update : this method allows to edit and resave the details of an employee asked by the user.
  • fread : this method reads the data from both files “employee.dat” and “nemployee.dat” which creates a node and calls addEmp method to form the doubly linked list.
  • display : this method displays the list of employees in a display window

Class ESearch

      In this class we have implemented the following method

  • nsearch : this method searches for the entered name and displays the details of that employee. If the name is not found in the list then an error message “The name you entered not found” is printed.
  • idsearch: this method searches for the entered ID and displays the details of that employee. If the ID is not found in the list then an error message “The ID you entered not found” is printed.
  • Salsearch : this method gives the list of employees who all have salaries in the given range. If no employees in the database are having salary within the entered range then an error message “The salary range you entered not found” is printed
  • dojsearch : this method gives the list of employees who joined the company in the specified range of date. If no employees in the database have joined within the entered range then an error message ”No employees joined during this time” is printed.

Class ESort :

      In this class, we have implemented the following methods

  • nsort : this method gives a sorted list of employees based on their names. If there the list is empty then the message “NO DATA EXISTS” is printed.
  • idsort : this method gives the sorted list of employees based on ID. If there the list is empty then the message “NO DATA EXISTS” is printed.

Class EFile :

     In this class, we have implemented the following methods

  • fwrite1 : this method writes the data of list-elist the list into the file “employee.dat” whenever the list is edited. We are using @ as delimiter.
  • Fwrite2 : this method writes the data of list-nlist the list into the file “nmployee.dat” whenever the list is edited. We are using @ as a delimiter.

CONCLUSION

This was our project based on an Employee database management System. We think this system will give a better way for a shopkeeper to maintain his shop. Though every task is never said to be perfect in this development field even more improvements are possible in this system which we have mentioned below and some more improvements can also be done to give a more user-friendly system that can help the shopkeeper more efficiently. This project has contributed a lot to my knowledge that has proved to be a valuable addition for me.

SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT

  • All frame objects are created as static hence when we move to the next frame and return back to the previous frame the content of the frame will be stored. Therefore we are using the reset button everywhere.
  • In our project in some of the frames, we have a button PRINT to get the printout of the report generated but we have not given any action to that button.

Download the complete project on Employee Data Base Management.

Library Management System Using PHP, JavaScript, HTML, CSS and MySQL

Introduction

The Library Management System is an application to manage various tasks such as check out and check in of books, adding the borrowers, and fine management of the books.

Functions:

1. Search Books based on keywords.
2. Select the book and checkout if available.
3. Check in the book.
4. Pay fines for books checked in after the due date.
5. Add borrowers.

Architecture

To implement the system, various schemas were built which are described below:

1. Book
The book table contains the ISBN, title, and availability of the book. Here, ISBN acts as the primary key of the table.
2. Book Authors
The Book_Authors table contains the Author_id and ISBN number of the book written by the author. Here, Author_id and ISBN act as the primary key.
3. Authors
The Authors table contains the Author_id and name of the author. Here, Author_id is the primary key.
4. Borrower
The Borrower table contains the card_id, SSN, Name, Address, and phone number of the Borrower. Here, card_id is the primary key.
5. Book Loans
The Book_Loans table contains the Loan_id, ISBN, Card_Id, Date_out, Due_date, and Date_in of the book loans. Here, Loan_id is the primary key.
6. Fines
The Fines table contains the Loan_id and Fine_Amount of the book loans. Here, Loan_id is the primary key.

The application is built on MVC (Model View Control) Architecture.

Libraries and Software Used

Software Used: Wamp(Apache, MySQL, PHP)
Database: MySQL
Language: PHP, JavaScript, HTML, CSS, SQL
Libraries: Bootstrap

User Manual

There are 4 navigation links on the index/home page. The following are the functionalities of each tab:

1. Search Books

The user can search books from the database by typing the keywords into the search box provided and clicking the search button. If the keyword matches the records in the database, the result is displayed in tabular format. On clicking the row of the table, the user can proceed to checkout if the book is available by providing the card id.

2. Check in Books

First, the user needs to search for the record by providing the keyword in the search box and clicking the search button. After the results are fetched, on selecting the required row, the user can check in the book.

3. Pay Fines

On clicking the refresh button, the user can see the total summed fines of the borrower based on their card id. On clicking the required row, the user can pay the fines.

4. Add Borrower

By filling out the form and clicking on submit button, the user can add a borrower to the database.

Download Library Management System Project Using PHP, JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and MySQL.

Two Wheeled Self Balancing Robot Minor Project Synopsis

Introduction

The basic working principle behind a self-balancing robot is an inverted pendulum concept model in control theory, according to which the robot drives the wheels in the direction in which it tilts. Examples of the inverted pendulum in certain real applications include rockets like MAXUS, Segway the personnel transporter, and a self-balancing vehicle.

It has great advantages like small size, flexibility, and low cost because of these advantages, it can be used in various applications in the field of control engineering. The inherent complexity associated with the control of this platform finds its application in the design and development of control systems for automobiles, spacecraft, and transportation facilities including military transport.

The developed hardware is used to develop an object-carrying vehicle that can be used to reduce human efforts in working places, offices, and household applications.

This is a cost-effective solution using the PID algorithm for these two-wheeled vehicles.

Rationale

Because of the previously stated advantages that come with a two-wheeled self-balancing design, a number of consumer products have recently gone mainstream that utilize a similar idea for purpose of convenient human transportation, i.e. – Hover-boards, Segway, and self-balancing two-wheelers. Our goal with this project was to demonstrate the balancing mechanism used in these products in a compact, cost-effective prototype of a self-balancing robot.

Objectives

1. To balance the whole body on two wheels automatically by designing the best possible structure for the body and obtaining the filtered values from the gyro and accelerometer sensor i.e. – mpu6050.
2. To use inbuilt Wi-Fi or Bluetooth capabilities of ESP32 microcontroller to communicate with the robot in order to de- liver the commands to follow.
3. To fine-tune custom PID values for the robot to ensure its smooth maneuverability.
4. To generate the ability to balance and maneuver with objects placed on its head

Feasibility Study

1) Feasibility of the project

The project is intended to explain the design along with the construction and control mechanism of a two-wheel self-balancing robot. To deal with the problem of sudden horizontal movements and gyro drifts in sensors, a complementary filter is implemented[1]. PID (proportional integral derivative), is the feedback mechanism used for this project.

2) Need of the project –

1. Its ability to turn on the spot and sustainable architecture increases its applications in industries.
2. It is essential for the robot to not only balance but also maintain its position, withstanding external forces or unexpected disturbances if any

3. Active research on two-wheeled robots has been widely increased since the early versions of the studies on self-balancing robots by JOE and n-BOT.

3) Significance of the project –

These robots can be used for

1. Smart gardening purposes.
2. Autonomous trolleys in malls, hospitals, and airports.
3. An intelligent robot for various industrial-military purposes.

4. Currently popularized as “Segways,” these machines are mostly used for travel and tourism purposes and by private security services. It has been put to use by a range of private and military organizations since its invention.

Methodology/ Planning of work

The main objectives of a system for Online voting system are:

1. The objective of the Online voting system is to help the organization in automating the whole manual processing of the existing system.
2. Test the working and compatibility of all electronic components (mpu6050 and motors and its driver) with ESP32 separately and ensure the proper working of each component. a rudimentary prototype using all components with temporary wiring on the breadboard in order to test the integrated working of the components with each other (without tuning PID values).
3. Fabricate the basic frame of the robot using acrylic sheets, spacers, screws, and angle brackets.
4. Mount all electronic components onto the frame.
5. Make wired connections according to the planned circuit.
6. Upload code to ESP32 from Arduino IDE.
7. Update PID values.
8. Test the performance, balance, and maneuverability of the machine, if not satisfied with its performance, go to the 7th step in order to fine-tune PID values else the required development of the robot is completed.

Facilities required for proposed work

Software Requirements:-

1. Arduino IDE

Hardware Requirements:-

1. Arduino IDE
2. ESP32 microcontroller – 1
3. MPU6050 sensor – 1
4. Bo geared motors – 2
5. L298N Motor driver -1
6. 3.7v 18650 Li-ion battery – 2
7. Assorted Jumper Wires
8. 3mm Acrylic Sheet
9. 65mm Nylon Tyres – 2
10. Angle Brackets – 2, Spacers and Screws