Category: Electronics Abstracts

B.tech electronics and electrical final year and third year students can select best electronic project with full project report for free download. Students can find latest electronics abstracts for mini and major projects. Project reports helps students to get over view for implementing project.

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ECG Tele Monitoring B.Tech ECE Final Year Project Report

Introduction to ECG Tele Monitoring Project:

This paper presents a new revolutionary concept in the field of medical sciences, with the rapid advancement of electronics in medical applications has paved path for the invention of a virtual heath monitoring system rather than conventional manually operated ECG system, here we implemented a new system “ECG telephone monitoring system comprised of an portable ECG terminal with an health monitoring system.

This system is capable of transmitting the human body signals effectively for monitoring purpose by analyzing them perfectly. In emergency condition there is an intense need of immediate and accurate diagnosis based on the condition and the body signals from the electrocardiography (ECG). This conventional method of analyzing the health conditions of the patient takes a lot of time so with an intent to reduce the reaction time we implemented this new ECG TELEMONITORING system.

This system is also known as telemetric ECG it can perform the direct transmissions in real time with in shorter duration of time facilitates a continuous monitoring over the varying parameters. And the transmission of the signal can be either through wire or wireless.

Standard telephonic wires are used to transmit the data where as in wireless transmission for monitoring and transmitting the ECG signals of the patients we implement the monitoring center server based on ZIGBEE link. By this the doctor can take the prevention steps based on the ECG signals delivered by the ECG compatible software.

The design and operation of this remote ECG monitoring is clearly explained in the coming sections. Apart from several methods of recording and analyzing these ECG signals this new concept of using mobile phone in monitoring purposes, offer many advantages in real time applications.

By this we can monitor the patient condition and an accurate therapy can be provided, it is a low cost and high distance coverage, can easily interface with the peripheral devices for the efficient exchange of data.

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Wireless Petroleum Tank Monitor Project for ECE Final Year Students with full Report

Introduction to Wireless Petroleum Tank Monitor Project:

Nowadays there are various electronic technologies available in the market composed with embedded systems and wireless technology for controlling purposes. The embedded system technology is one of the highest growth areas because these systems are used in each and every market segments now a days like electronics, automation, biomedical, wireless communication, Using wireless and embedded systems we can provide security for our grids, in this paper we discuss about a new concept “wireless petroleum tank monitoring system”, it is a smart tank monitor system based on wireless communication using embedded technology. These smart tank monitoring systems provide accurate determination of oil level readings for the users, facilitates security.

This project is mainly divided in to two major sections one is remote transmitter and receiver section with central monitoring system and the other is the wireless embedded security system. The transmitter section consists of oil well shutdown alarm responsible for the transfer of wireless data to the receiver section, the preventive measures is taken by oil well shutdown alarm, power failure alarm gives us the information regarding the mall functions of the power, and to protect our tanks from others we use theft oil alarm, In order ensure safe operation we use night patrol alarm.

The receiver section receives the data and then trough monitoring system we control the overall operation, now coming to the components involved in this project radio frequency transmitter and receiver, IR transmitter and a receiver section, power detection circuit with a limiting switch, GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communication) modem, a voice processing unit, and this entire devices are controlled by an micro controller in the monitoring section.

So far our project is proved to be very useful in reducing operation costs, maximizing efficiency and profitability, accurate and up to date information about the oil levels, and it is far better than the conventional tank management process and it is an better option for remote monitoring. 

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Heart Beat Monitoring By GSM Technology Final Year Project for ECE Students

The main objective of this paper is to analyze the condition of the patient from remote area i.e. sitting anywhere in the hospital providing high flexibility for the doctors in attending multiple patients at a time. The use of micro controller is increasing day by day in every aspect of industrial progress, now a day’s the use of micro controllers is increasing in bio medical sciences in virtual monitoring and controlling of the varying conditions of the patients.

In this project we implemented a new concept “Heart beat monitoring by GSM technology”. For continuous monitoring of the heart beat and temperature variations in the human body, as the population increases the demand for hospitalization increased enormous to provide quality therapies at a minimum cost.

This project full fills the requirement effectively by implementing GSM modem communication technology; GSM is nothing but Global Systems for Mobile Communication it is the best replacement for the conventional health monitoring systems, this is designed to send the heart beat pulses at a specific periodic time intervals depending upon the request.

 This project comprises of GSM modem, heart beat sensor and a temperature sensor, micro controller (P89V51RD2) is used to control all the peripheral devices. This circuit operates under 5v dc supply so in order to get this rectified dc we use a step down transformer to step the high voltage ac mains to low voltage ac and then it is feed to an rectifier to get dc output and then to an smoothing reactor  and a voltage regulator for getting controlled rectified 5v dc. The circuit design and assembly is discussed below.

This new versions had many advantages in early detection of heart attacks, had god reaction time in providing diagnosis, it had improved the quality in heart treatments, in future using advanced GSM mobile technology we can display the heart rate values  of the patient as a SMS.

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Wireless Equipment Control Using AT89C51 ECE Main Project Full Report

Introduction to Wireless Equipment Control Using AT89C51 ECE Main Project:

This paper had addressed a revolutionary concept In controlling the devices virtually due to rapid advancement in wireless communications and embedded system technology had paved path for new inventions in monitoring and controlling of equipments efficiently, these embedded systems are the special purpose computer systems designed for multiple computing in real time applications, these are the auxiliary computing systems embedded in the electronic circuits. In this paper we implemented a wireless   controlling device using an 8-bit AT89C51 microcontroller for controlling the other circuitry components, and it can regulates the power supply at an regular intervals of time, the hardware of this system consists of two sections on e the transmitter section and the other is receiver section and the low power high performance 8-bit AT89C51 microcontroller is responsible for the controlling operations.

The receiver circuit receives the signals from the transmitter circuit around a distance of 9 meters, this circuit works under controlled 5v dc supply so in order to supply this 5v dc we need to rectify the step downed 12v ac from ac mains and then feed to the voltage regulator to obtain rectified 5v dc output. And coming to software design the compiler used in project is KEIL C51 it is an embedded C converts high level programming language to machine level language.

This system is far better in controlling equipments it had many advantages than the ordinary conventional control systems like highly reliable in home appliances control, efficient in instrumentation and industrial automation, multiple device control and remote monitoring, low cost with high performance rate, and it is an ideal choice for minimum power consumption control devices.

By extending the range of antenna we can increase the controlling range up to 30 meters, and by using a sophisticated relays we increase the number of devices and multiple computing can be achieved.

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ECE Mini Project on Voice Guider for Aged People and Patients With Report

Introduction to ECE Mini Project on Voice Guider for Aged People and Patients:

Due increased population and number of patients the concerned authorities had no time to look after each and every individual so we presented a new user friendly system which guides the aged people and patients effectively.

Due to rapid advancement in embedded system technology paved path for the invention of these new technologies, this embedded system components are integrated into a small chip and this chip acts as an mini computing system called as micro controller, these micro controller are multi functioned devices performs tasks faster at a continuous rate and these small computers are low power consumption devices used for embedded applications.

This proposed system consists of a micro controller system; manipulators i.e. voice transmitters and receivers and software to perform the specified task, an low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller (AT89C52) is used to control the adjacent devices. In this the user has to give the voice signals and the accurate guidance is provided by the device using voice alert and IR technology.

In this system we used a crystal oscillator to produce pulses based on the instructions given by the user, this system can also be used as health monitoring system and it can operate continuously under varying conditions. This entire circuit is operated at 5v dc supply so we need to step down the 230v ac in to 18v dc and then rectified into 5v dc using an full bridge rectified an this controlled output is feed as input to the circuit.

The design and components descriptions and the software programming were clearly explained bellow. The experimental results revealed that this system is highly advantageous in presenting information for the old aged people and especially patients it has storage option and the user can erase the previous stored data also. In future we extend these system capabilities by using remote sensor techniques.

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PWM FED Speed Control of Induction Motor ECE Project for Final Year Students

Introduction to PWM FED Speed Control of Induction Motor ECE Project:

The induction motor has finding enormous applications in industries in these days, due to its advantages the utilization of induction motors are increasing day by day, so in order to attain proper functionalities we need to regulate the speed of this induction motor, the speed of the induction motor is controlled by resistance control on rotor or stator side, stator voltage control, or by pole changing method but these conventional method  are not so effective in controlling the speed of the induction drive so in order to full fill the requirements like low noise, high accuracy, less ware and tear with less operational speed we implemented an new concept in this paper i.e.

“   PWM fed speed control of induction motor controlled by  the computer”. Here in this project we generate numerous pulses in every half cycle such that the width of the pulse is less at the end and beginning of the half cycle and maximum at the center, and this width of the pulse varied by the amplitude of the reference sine wave, such that the amplitude of the carrier wave is less than the reference sine wave and these two signals are mixed in the comparator, the output signal frequency is controlled by the modulation index.

The proposed system consists of power supply circuit, Microcontroller, opt-isolator used as a driver circuit, MAX232 integrated circuit, TRIAC and an LCD to display for the output. The power supply consists of a step down transformer to obtain 12v ac from 230v ac and an full bridge rectifier to gain 5v dc for the circuit operation, we use an PIC (16F877A) micro controller to control the operations of this device, asynchronous receiver/transmitter is used to transmit the data between parallel and serial lines.

The entire set up and working phenomenon is explained neatly along with the experimental results.

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ECE Project for Final Year on Power Management System with full Report

Introduction to  Power Management System ECE Project:

In electrical utilization power management plays a crucial role in monitoring the power variations in the electrical appliances and providing proper security under faulty conditions. Due to enormous increase in the energy costs there is an immediate need of proper energy management so In order to provide a unique reliable and efficient stable energy supply for the electrical loads there is an intense need of power management system.

The main objective is to provide full control over the entire electrical system of the industries with reliable and flexible power management at a supreme supervision of the varying conditions. This power management system manages the power generation and regulates the power flow with an efficient performance in multi task operations i.e. can control various devices at a single instant. This power management system ensures a reliable and stable energy supply from the source and by preventing the disturbances.

 So by implementing these devices we can regulate the power at a minimum cost at a maximum security for electrical appliances. In this project for the protection of the devices we use the electromagnetic relays for sensing the varying parameters in the network and these are automatic static relays operates under faulty conditions. This project is based on Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) which facilitates the user to monitor and regulate the process in the entire network. This SCADA consist of hardware and software components and the assemblies along with their functions are clearly explained below.

This paper gives a brief idea about the faults in the power system, need of the protective system, different types of protective relays, about SCADA with its implementation, and the experimental verification of the proposed system. This application of SCADA can be extended to various levels of engineering in the field of supervision, control, automation by using automatic numerical relays.

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Power Factor Improvement (PFI) Plant Main Project for ECE Students with Report

Introduction to Power Factor Improvement (PFI) Plant Main Project:

The electricity is generated and transmitted intensively in the form alternating current; the term power factor comes into play in alternating current transmission, in real time transmission most of the electrical loads are inductive in nature so they create low lagging power factor on the source this undesirable lagging power factor results in increasing current and increasing the loss of active power in the electrical system, high copper loss, poor voltage regulation, right from source to load, so we need to improve the power factor,  our project objective is to provide a better situations in energy transmission providing favorable economical conditions and power cost management.

The major cause of poor power factor is due the inductive load behavior so we need to connect an extra device which takes leading power hence the capacitor is connected in parallel to the device to balance the power factor, in this project the power factor improvement plant consists of a Capacitor, Relay, Magnetic contactor, Fuse, Bus-bar, KVA meter, Ampere Selector, Voltage Selector. The assembly and their working phenomenon were clearly explained in the working section.

This power factor improvement plants uses the capacitors as a major source to improve power factor. This is related to the conventional static capacitor phenomenon but it is different because it uses relays and measuring meters to sense the variations in power factor and acts accordingly based on the requirement automatically. This automatic operation is facilitated by the electromagnetic relay which operates when the power factor is low.

The entire assembly and the experimental survey reveal that this system is a highly reliable with low losses, high accuracy with less maintenance, this device can be easily installed and it works under various atmospheric conditions with maximum fault clearance, by implementing this device the lagging KVAR drawn by the inductive devices is greatly reduced.

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Speed Breaker Generator Mini Project for ECE Students

Introduction to Speed Breaker Generator ECE Mini Project:

This paper presents a new concept in the field of power generation; the main objective of this paper is to provide a low budget electricity production, with simple methodologies. In order to meet the enormous demand of electrical energy we have to find alternate sources to full fill the need of supply. Regarding this our project “generating electrical energy from speed breakers” gives a better solution.

In this process we generate electrical energy based on the vehicle weight, and this input object weight is taken as potential energy, this system has mechanism in converting mechanical force into electrical energy. There is an continuous loss of energy in the for heat and friction when an vehicle passes over the speed breaker so in order to utilize the wasting energy we need to implement our project for the conservation of these wasting energies, This paper explains clearly the working mechanism, the design, and practical implementation.  Here to generate electricity we take the potential energy as an input from the passing vehicles and it is used as a prime mover to excite the generator set to produce the electrical energy and this generated energy is stored in the batteries and used for the various applications.

The main procedure includes three kinds of mechanisms Crank-shaft mechanism, Roller mechanism, Rack- Pinion mechanism. Each mechanism had its own advantages and disadvantages but Rack- Pinion mechanism find to more beneficial than the other two by providing greater efficiency, with less gear loss. The materials, tools assembly with their applications and advantages are clearly explained below.

The experimental verification of this sampled kit had revealed that this system is a low cost device with less maintenance, and highly efficient in densely populated areas with high efficiency in production. If we able to design the speed bumps for heavier vehicles which can produce high torques we can extend the range of electricity production.

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NIT Warangal ECE Project Report on 2D Target Tracking Using Kalman Filter

Introduction to 2D Target Tracking Using Kalman Filter ECE Project:

For the motion estimation recursive approaches has become a common method. It helps in finding the Kalman filtering techniques both in the respect of frequency and time domain. This approach is based on a block based technology and usually this kind of technology are not widely available. This technology helps in refining the motion vector estimation that is derived from fast algorithms. Again, this paper proposes an estimation based on the object motion that make use of the Kalman filtering technique in order to modify the estimates of motion that is derived from the Kalman application and the three step algorithm.

The results that are presented above are quite interesting and encouraging as well from the aspect that with appropriate model and priori assumptions that are close to vector and real motion behavior we can easily go through the Kalman filtering creates a greater PSNR in comparison to other techniques of any sequence. It is proved that simple formulations are the base of the Kalman filter and this paper gives more suitable options for class A sequence of images. From this point few questions can arise in the mind of the reader like:

Shall we consider the accuracy of sub-pixel?

Shall we make the state-space representation more elaborate for the extended Kalman filter motion?

Shall we leave the components of motions on independent assumptions to consider the correlation that usually exists between the x ans y direction displacement?
All the questions that are stated above are completely feasible and keeping in mind the usefulness of the implementation of the approaches this become a trade-off matter among the estimates of the resulting motion, the real visual image quality and computational complexity. This method is very helpful and if handled in the proper manner and direction then it is possible to get the accurate results.