Category: Electronics Abstracts

B.tech electronics and electrical final year and third year students can select best electronic project with full project report for free download. Students can find latest electronics abstracts for mini and major projects. Project reports helps students to get over view for implementing project.

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Real Time Pedestration Detection and Tracking at Night Time for Driver Assistance Systems

Introduction to driver assistance systems:

Because of accidents the pedestrians are the most affected people. It is very difficult for the drivers to detect the people crossing the roads during night times. The proposed system is a driver assistance system which detects the pedestrians crossing the roads and gives an alarm to the driver so that he can decrease the speed of the vehicle. In this paper we will see the design and the working model of the driver assistance system.

Working model and design:

We will use an 89C52 microcontroller which is the heart of the design and it controls the flow of signals to the components. To detect the pedestrians we will employ an infrared sensor which can track the object and past the information to the microcontroller. A software program is loaded into the microcontroller so as to give the buzzer based on the information given by the sensor. The program is written using embedded c and is loaded into the microcontroller ROM using keil software. This device is placed in front of the vehicle and when the device is switched on the sensor starts working. The entire device is provided with a 5V dc power supply by using a battery source.. The keil software is capable for programming flash memories.

Advantages:

This is very efficient device for tracking or detecting the pedestrians walking during night time and avoids the occurrence of accidents. This device gives a alarm so that the diver gets alert. This device can be developed by using automatic break system which stops the car automatically when a obstacle is detected.

Download  Real Time Pedestration Detection and Tracking at Night Time for Driver Assistance Systems  Project Report.

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Electrostatic Micro Power Generation from Low Frequency Vibration Electronics Project Abstract

This project aims at generating high output power from low frequency signal. This type of power system generators are used in low frequency harvesting applications. In this type of low frequency power generators a new electret electrode is used a micro power generator which is a new vibration structure. In this paper we will see how the micro power is generated and how an electret electrode is designed.

Brief on the working model:

The electrostatic micro power generator device is made up of two fixed pats made of glass substrates with collector electrodes. These are provided with moving parts with a electric structure made of silicon substrate which have proof mass.

Micro balls are fixed firmly so as to support the moving parts and they can roll along the silicon and glass substrates. For the springs attached to moving parts the spring constant is kept low so as to vibrate at low resonance frequencies. The electrets electrodes are made of dielectric material which has quasi permanent electric charge facing the collector electrode.

Advantages:

These power generators are capable of generating a power of above 40W even under a signal of 2hz. These types of micro power generators are best suited for low frequency harvested applications. By using high surface electret electrodes we can design high power generation structure. This type of design allows separation gap control and a long range movement even at low frequencies. We can even use human motions for generation of power.

 Download  Electrostatic Micro Power Generation from Low Frequency Vibration Electronics Project Abstract.

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Solar Thermal Power System Electrical Final Year Project Report

Introduction to Solar Thermal Power System Project:

Due to growing electricity demands the power generated from the thermal power stations could not reach the needs as they run short of coal. There is a need to look into renewable sources for power generation. In this paper we see solar thermal power system which uses sunlight and gets converted into heat energy for running steam turbines to generate electricity.

At present the use of this systems is very less as it is facing certain drawbacks and the cost for installation of the equipment high. We will discuss about the measurement steps to be taken for improving the thermal efficiency of the solar system.

Brief on the working of Solar thermal power system:

In solar thermal power systems the operating temperatures are below 360C which is of less efficient for maintaining a constant steam for power generation. In order to increase the efficiency the stem generated from solar thermal power systems is added to the conventional thermal power systems, by which only a limited fuel energy can be used for generating the steam.

The heat generated in the solar thermal power systems can meet 70 percent of the heat absorption requirements and the remaining can be generated by using fossil fuels. The proposed design is called as a trough solar power system and by using this system we can generate temperature of 560C which is used to drive a turbine.

Advantages of using a combined system:

By using this combined system we can overcome mid temperature problem face in solar thermal power plants. By using this combined system for power generation we can reduce the usage fossil fuels which reduces the pollution and also cut downs the generation costs of power. By using this method we can improve the efficiency and cost of maintenance also decreases.

Download  Solar Thermal Power System Electrical Final Year Project Report.

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Autonomous Under Water Vehicles Electronics Final Year Seminar Report

Introduction to Autonomous Under Water Vehicles Seminar Report:

The two thirds of the earth surface is covered by water and it is very difficult for a human being to go into deep oceans for making a study of the species present. So we are not that aware of the available species of plants and the aquatic life present in the deep oceans. So there is need for the development of autonomous under water vehicles which can mover under deep oceans. In this paper we will look into the development of underwater vehicles and how they work under water in deep oceans.

Development of underwater vehicles:

The concept of submarine came in the 17th century and but the practical model of submarine was designed by Reverend George W. Garret and it worked on fireless steam engine and it capacity of ten hours. In the recent years a drastic development has been made in the design of submarines and they are having many advanced features.Depending on the usage the submarines are classified has manned and unmanned systems. Manned systems are used in military and non military purposes for the purpose of investigations and for operating under water.

Whereas the unmanned systems have a onboard computers and they perform the operations of the [redefined task and they can be communicates through wireless communication. unlike radio signals which are used in land communication and they are suitable for communication in underwater so we use acoustic signals which can propagate through multi paths are used in underwater communication. in the design of a underwater vehicles we find command and control section which contains remote terminals for controlling and tail section which has a motor operated fan which makes the vehicle to move underwater.

Conclusions:

The underwater vehicles are used mainly for military purpose for proving security in the coastal areas. We find other unmanned systems which are used for making a study on the plant species and to find aquatic life and to explore minerals which are available in deep oceans. 

Download  Autonomous Under Water Vehicles Electronics Final Year Seminar Report.

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Solider Monitoring System Electronics Final Year Project Report

The national security of the country depends on the army and for they should provide a better security system for the soldiers to safeguard them from the enemies. In this paper we will see a solider monitoring system which safe guards the soldier from the enemies and communicates the information of the soldier. This device is present in the jacket of the soldier and it contains a GPS system for tracking the position of the soldier and  sensors are present which looks into the health of the soldier and a GSM enabled phone is present for communicating.

Brief on the design of monitoring system:

Here we find a soldier unit which is present in his jacket and a base unit consists of server which is located at the army office. In the base unit a GSM modem is present for enabling the transmission and reception process from the monitoring system present at the soldier. We will use Zigbee protocol system for making the communication and it is best suited for network functionalities. 

A PIC18F452 microcontroller is used for controlling the devices and to give response accordingly. A heart beat sensor is placed in the system which measure the heart beat of the soldier. For connecting the components we will use max232 cable as it can drive the message given the pic microcontroller. ADC converter is used for converting the data given from components to the microcontroller. The entire unit is provide with a 5V dc power supply.

Advantages of using Soldier monitoring system:

By using this device we can track the positions of the soldiers and we can guide them when they enter enemy field. It give the health status of the soldiers so we can provide medical assistance. Thus we can conclude that these kinds of devices are very helpful for ensuring security to the soldiers.

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Electronics In Biomedical and Instrumentation Project Abstract for ECE Final Year Students

Introduction to Electronics In Biomedical and Instrumentation Project:

The development in medical field led to the use of electronic devices for making a better and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Electronics and instrumentation engineers design the required equipment for biomedical field. Biomedical medical engineering is application which consists of engineering principles which are used for analyzing the problems in medical and biological sciences so as to provide a better diagnosis. In this paper we will look into the equipment which are being used for performing tests and about the devices which are used in treatment.

Brief on usage of electronics in biomedical fields:

Depending upon the usage of the electronic equipment in the biomedical we classify them. We use ECG, MRI and CTSCAN for making a diagnosis of the tissues present in the body and based on these reports the doctors analyze the damage. These devices consist of electrodes which transmit signals on the body of the human being, based on the interface and impedance of the signal on the human body the diagnosis is made.

Now days the doctors are performing the operations by a process called as laparoscopic where the electronic device is injected into the body through a nerve and it treats the affected area. Research is going on in the fields of tissue engineering where a artificial tissue can be created by using electronic equipment. Genetic engineering is the study of DNA structure and we can manipulate the genetic material of DNA and inject required material.

Advantages:

By using the electronic equipment we can make a better diagnosis for give a proper treatment. By using laparoscopic methods we can perform the operations exactly on the affected areas with a little loss of blood. By making a research in genetic fields we can develop hybrid crops which yield more and have high resistance towards pests.

Download  Electronics In Biomedical and Instrumentation Project Abstract for ECE Final Year Students.

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Target Detecting Android Embedded System Project for Final Year Students

Introduction to Target Detecting Android Embedded System Project:

In these days everything is automated for facing the new challenges the new technologies must be developed. In these days automated systems have less operability and reliability, flexibility and accuracy due to the demand of these automated systems is increased.

In the field electronic systems the worth and value of automated systems is very high and giving good performance. In this present war situation these robots are very useful to reduce the human losses and money. Example of this system is target detecting. The automated system is here for detecting the targets. It is developed using embedded system with micro controller. The robot moves whenever required.

This robot also contains embedded IR sensors for detecting obstacles and fire and anything in its way. This robot contains motors with help of this motors the robot moves flexibly and in any direction we want. The micro controller controls all the units in this system. That means it guides the system what to do whenever it counters a situation. If any obstacle commences in its way the obstacle is detected with help of IR sensors and the signal transmitted over the wires to IR receiver and the micro controller sends the instruction to the robot and moves the robot in another direction.

The hardware in this robot is a micro controller and motor and motor drivers body shell. This system can be used where we to find the accurate results and to reduce human efforts.

This system of target detecting can be developed using android OS so it can remotely configured using the android mobile. The system is very useful for this new trend of robots.

Download  Target Detecting Android Embedded System Project for Final Year Students.

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Power Line Carrier Communication ECE Project Report

Introduction to Power Line Carrier Communication ECE Project:

The aim of this abstract to present the standards, characteristics, technologies, products and development associated with the power line carrier communication systems.  The PLC is also called as mains communication. Power area network (PAN) describes the power used by different systems through distributed lines the carrier can carry the data of voice and signal by superimposing over alternate current of 50HZ to 60HZ. It carries broadband over current lines with data speed of 1MBPS.higher data can be transmitted by lower power distribution in power lines.

Operating Principle:

The device used for communication is built in power line modem. Which receives and transmits the data over power line PLM device contains both DCU MIU. The data is streamed on to the line by frequency shift keying.The central frequency is shifted +0.3 KHzto represent 1 or 0 of the binary data stream. The signal is coupled by PLM.  On the other side the receiving PLM will receive the data and convert it back to the binary data stream they can operate in Half-Duplex and multi division communication mode. Proper communication is produced by DCU MIU. The data rate of PLC channel is 600bps. Each MIU has facility repeater function so DCU can designate MIU subsystem as repeater function. It has sensitive signal detection and sophisticated digital filtering technique.PLC is highly immune to electrical noise interference.

APPLICATIONS OF PLCC:

There are different types of applications providing economic networking solutions. 

  Transmission& Distribution Network

  Home control and Automation

 Entertainment

 Telecommunication

  Security Systems

 Automatic Meter Reading 

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DMA Controller ECE Project Report

Introduction to DMA Controller ECE Project:

DMA controller is a device which controls the system to directly transfer the information from one peripheral to another. The controlling is necessary because the data move very fastly even faster than a particle. For example take a black and with picture with 256 and 240 vertical and horizontal dots respectively then  the picture is scanned twice that means 60 times every second when this dots are represented double on display. 256×240=61400 bits of information scanning of these bits twice means two microseconds for every bit.

For this process of fetching every time the memory and time also wasted. To avoid all this problems the data should be stored on onboard memory with built in scanning technique. This can be achieved by maintaining a ram and vram. The frame buffer refreshes every time when the data is accessed. DMA takes control over system bus and produces its own address and control’s information of system bus. Due to narrow timing constraints it is not suitable for scanning video for regular display. DMA is used regularly when the picture is transferred from regular memory frame buffer. It gains control over the processor which are using bus.  Intel 82357 DMA controller is used to control the transfer services. It has 40-pins. By maintaining several DMA chips together any number channels can be supported.

DMA Data Transfer:

DMA transfer can be triggered in two ways they are

  • By Software
  • By Hardware

Software:

                   When the process is executing DMA buffer is allocated and hardware is instructed to transfer the data in buffer the hardware writes the data and raises an interrupt and it is received by interrupt handler and it is handled.

Hardware:

                   The hardware notifies a new data is received. The interrupt handler asks the hardware where to transfer the data. The device writes the data and notifies once again.

Download  DMA Controller ECE Project Report.

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Hybrid Active Power Filters Electronics Project Report

Introduction to Hybrid Active Power Filters Electronics Project:

This system uses low power harmonic and easy control and computation methods and the harmonic with high are filtered by the high pass filters this utilizes the APF and performance of the filtering is improves with HPF. We use small passive components.

Prototype: when we talk about the control system, the time taken by the interrupts is based on the timer unit. Modulation is set at the 10 KHz and during that time interrupts are generated twice. The software that is used can be used in the three levels of priorities. The highest level is used for the security and time control process or you can set current, provide delay to the current and update the modulators. When the second level was on go then DC link is performed after the 75th interrupt that takes place. Then at the last level synchronization of the system takes place and interface is also updated.

Efficiency: power measurement is done to check the power losses of the system. Our main purpose of this is to compare the efficiency of hybrid filter systems and APF systems. We need to control the both the system so that their power efficiency remains the same. When we use the compensated harmonic bridges this in turn increases loss of power in both the filters. To avoid this we can use active filter of dc voltage of 750 V. this maintain the same efficiency that of the active filters.

These whole systems shows the passive components are small but are not degraded like active components. This also shows the efficiency of the harmonic filters. And there is small difference between the RL type and RC type load. Control delay can be used with low order harmonic to improve the system.

Download  Hybrid Active Power Filters Electronics Project Report.