Category: EEE seminar topics

Introduction to Base Transceiver System Seminar Topic:

The main objective of this paper is to give idea of global system mobile (GSM). In older days, communication has become difficult due to wired system. They cannot be carried anywhere. This Problem gave rise to cell phones which are wireless and can be carried everywhere. The technology used is GSM, CDMA, WLL, WAN, WIFI, WIMAX etc. Today the usage of gsm technology has become vast . Base transceiver plays a major role in wireless communication.

Brief into Base Transceiver Station:

Generally, GSM network involves three subsystems BSS, NSS and NMS. Base Station Sub System consists of Base station Controller, Transcoder and Base Station Transceiver. The Base station controller has the responsibilities such as establishing a connection between mobile station and network switching subsystem. Air and A interface signaling support. The Base Transceiver Station controls the Air interface signaling, Air interface ciphering and speech processing.

Transcoder is responsible for error free transmission and decoding the digital system into speech. The combination of mobile equipment and SIM is considered as mobile station. The network switching subsystem is responsible for controlling calls. VLR database maintains the user location records and is temporary. HLR database maintains the permanent subscriber information. The network management subsystem monitors various functions and elements of the network.  All this tasks are performed by NMS/2000.

Number of Work Stations, Servers and a Router are present in NMS/2000. Fault management, configuration management and performance management are functions of network management subsystem. To ensure the smooth operation of network fault management finds useful. The configuration management is used to maintain the up to date information about the configuration. Performance management  has the data which is collected from different networks.

Download  Base Transceiver System Electronics and Telecommunication Seminar Report.

Introduction to Global System for Mobiles Seminar Topic:

The main objective of this paper is to give idea of global system mobile (GSM). In the earlier days, only telephones are present. These are wired and cannot be carried any where. So means of communication was difficult if the person is not available near the telephone. This Problem gave rise to cell phones which are wireless and can be carried everywhere.

These cell phones use GSM technology. The evolution of GSM is being grown day by day. Today this GSM technology is being covered even in the rural areas also apart from urban cites.

Brief into Solar Tracking system and Hybrid Power generation:

This GSM technology makes use of radio frequency waves. This has two frequency bands of 900MHZ band and 1800 MHZ band. GSM network has three subsystems, BSS, NSS and NMS. The combination of mobile equipment and SIM is considered as mobile station. The network switching subsystem consists of MSC,VLR, HLR. The MSC is used for controlling calls. VlR maintains the user location records and is temporary. HLR maintains the permanent subscriber information. The network switching subsystem controls the calls, locates the subscriber and mobility management.

The Base station subsystem has the responsibilities such as establishing a connection between mobile station and network switching subsystem, error free transmission and decoding the digital system into speech.  Two open air interfaces ‘Air Interface and A Interface’ are present. GSM uses three security algorithms A3, A5, A8. A3 and A8. These algorithms are present in the SIM. The aim of maintaining these security algorithms are to compare the data which is stored in the network and SIM.

Download  Global System for Mobiles Electronics and Telecommunication Seminar Report.

Introduction to Three Phase Dual Converter Seminar Topic:

For power conversion from ac to dc in industries thyristor based three phase controlled rectifiers which offers a reliable conversion and have a long life time. These are mainly used for controlling the speed of the dc motor but the controlled rectifiers have a complex circuit. In this paper we will see the working of the three phase a dual converter which is mainly used in conversion in high power loads. We will see how the dual phase converter works and the advantages of it when compared to others converters.

Brief on the working of dual phase converter:

In the construction of a dual phase converter we find six transformers and three full wave bridge rectifiers and a firing circuit. In this converter the three phase power supply is supplied from the source and the converter converts into dc power and the dc power can be again converted into ac power. By using the firing circuit the angles are controlled such that the output voltages will have the same polarity.  

The instantaneous voltages will be in out of phase due to which the voltage difference occurs and if the output currents are interconnected a large current flows between them but not through the load. By adjusting the firing angles the voltages drive the current due to which one converter converts it into dc current and the other gets converted and the other drives the same output current by which a bidirectional operation is performed.

Conclusions:

The three phase dual converters can also be used for performing four quadrant operations which is used for controlling the speed of the dc motor. This is achieved by changing the firing angles which causes a reverse operation. The dual converter is very easy to construct and does not have any complexity. In this there will be no voltage drop across in the switches and there will be no currents existing even in reverse bias voltage condition.

Download  Electrical Seminar Report on Three Phase Dual Converter.

Introduction to Optical Character Recognition Using Neural Networks:

Optical character recognition is a technology where the software will be capable of detecting handwritten or printed matter. Human beings are able to differentiate the characters and they can identify them due to the stimulations signals which are processes by brain. We apply the same neural technology scheme in the software which can identify the characters. The software built is filled with artificial intelligence which stimulates neural networks for identifying. In this paper we will see how optical character recognition technology is developed by using neural networks and how are implemented in the software and the advantages of using this technology.

Brief on the working model:

In this we use a character recognition device which converts the characters printed on the image into machine language. Here the scanned image is converted into machine language and the output is given to the neural network. The neural networks have the capability to represent both linear and non linear systems and they can learn these relationships directly from the modeled data.

In neural networks the input data is fed to the input layer and here they are multiplied by the interconnection weights. The resultant of the input layer is passed to the first hidden layer and they get summed and it is processed by a non linear function and the obtained value is sent to the second hidden layer which is again multiplied with the interconnection weights so as to obtain the neural network output.

Conclusions:

When compared to other techniques the neural network technique is the best method for obtaining the output accurately. The neural networks have the capability to identify the imprecise and data and they derive the meaning from them. Here the quality of the output depends upon the scanned image and if the if there is improper scanned image then the quality of the output gets decreased.

Download  Electronics Seminar Report on Optical Character Recognition Using Neural Networks.

Introduction to Error Control Coding ECE Seminar Idea:

The transmitted signal cannot be the original transmitted message signal which is received and the receiver channel. Due to noise the binary pulse train of the digital signal gets disturbed which reduces the quality of the output. To overcome this various methods are used and it requires additional equipment to be installed transmitter and the receiver units which can eliminate the noise occurred in the signal. In this paper we pose a error coding technique which can identify the error signal and there by reduces the signal to noise ratio occurring in the signal. We will see how this algorithm works and how low bit error rate is achieved by using this coding method.

Brief on the error coding technique:

If noise is entered into the digital it change the binary pulse which makes the zeros to appear as one or ones may be transmitted as zeroes which reduces the quality at the receiver output. The theoretical analysis of this method is possible by using a Shannon’s channel theorem where the convolution codes are specified among the three parameters. Here each input bit is coded into 3 output bits and the constraint length of the code is 2.

We use n modulo 2 to represent the output bits and we connect memory registers to the adders by using generators polynomial. So each input bit generates three output polynomials and we get the required output bit by adding the obtained three obtained polynomials. Each polynomial will have its unique error protection quality code be they differ from the other polynomial.

Conclusions:

This is most efficient technique for reducing the bit error rate occurring in the signal than other conventional methods. By using this method we can reduce the error value for a fixed bit error rate which reduces the transmitted power sine on the antenna.

Download  Error Control Coding ECE Seminar Idea for Final Year Students.

Introduction to Maximum Power Point Tracking For Photo Voltaic Systems Seminar Topic:

The proposed algorithm is to track maximum power point in photo voltaic array which is used as a reference point in control systems. Photo voltaic arrays are used in renewable energy sources like solar panels and they do not transmit a constant power  supply due to suns irradiation and varying cell temperature. So by tracking the maximum power point we can supply maximum power to the load. In this paper we will see how the algorithm tracks the maximum power point and the advantages of using this compared to other algorithms.

Brief on power tracking algorithm:

By using this algorithm we can calculate the maximum power and also we can control the direct current which is drawn from photo voltaic arrays. The solar cells act as semiconductors when exposed to sunlight generate a dc current but the current varies with the irradiation of suns light. Maximum power point tracking method follows a fractional open circuit and short circuit current measuring technique for calculating the maximum power.

By using this we compute the maximum power and the value is set to zero initially and after the tracking of the actual current it compares the difference between the maximum power and then increment or decrements it accordingly and give the input to the controller by using hysteresis band. In this algorithm the maximum power is calculated and compared with the actual value based on the computed value the extracted power from the photo voltaic arrays is controlled.

Conclusions:

The advantage of using this algorithm is that it draws the current directly from the photo voltaic arrays. This algorithm has high convergence speed and does not depend upon the characteristics of the photo voltaic arrays. This algorithm has high tracking efficiency compared to other techniques and we can make the controller on and off based on the hysteresis band.

Download  Maximum Power Point Tracking For Photo Voltaic Systems ECE and EEE Seminar Report.

In this paper we will the guidelines for writing embedded citations. Citations are the content to be written based on the idea give the author. Citations are used for preparing technical documents or text books. In this paper we will see how citations are used and the methods to be followed while writing a referred document.

Brief on the usage of citations:

Reference is the most common word which is used in citations, it means that writing the content of an author in this own meanings. When we write a line which is told by author can be written in the referenced book by using his name or by giving the page referential for the author.

When we write a content which is proposed by two authors then we need to mention their names at the end of the sentence or the beginning of the sentence. Suppose if the content or the properties is proposed by a more than two or three scientists then we need to give et al at the end of the author name which means the referred material is propose by more number of scientists. When we are writing a referenced content which is proposed and later developed in the successive years then we need to respective years in the content written.

Conclusions:

When a referenced material is written and if we do not mention the referred author then it under stealing the content which is treated as a malpractice. When referenced materials are written we need to follow the citations by which the document written can be understood as a referenced material.

 Download  Embedded Citation Guidelines ECE Seminar Idea for Final Year Students.

Introduction to Technical Seminar Presentation on Laser Theraphy:

The paper is about laser therapy. Laser stands for light amplification my stimulated emission of radiation. The applications of lasers are mostly in the medical field in situation where there exists an interaction which occur between the laser radiation and also the human tissue. It has achieved a successful record in the medical field which involves the treatment related to the detached retina, dermatology and much more.

The laser tissue interaction has following optical process which includes the reflection which is direct that occur at the boundaries of the layer. Also includes the absorption of the absorbed energy. This also involves the direct transmission which occurs through the layer.

The usage of the laser in the medical field involves, the usage of optical fibres in the medical application, also involves the typical fibre application, and also the single mode fibre application. Laser therapy is used also in the applications related to dental treatment the popular lasers which are mainly used are Ruby laser, Carbon dioxide laser, Neodymium laser

The category of the dental laser is classified into two basic categories. The first is the Contact mode and other the Non-Contact mode which is further classified as either focused or even de focused   When we consider the non-contact surgery it requires a great power setting when compared to that of the contact mode for achieving the equivalent tissue effect.

We can conclude that the usage of laser has several advantages as it exhibits certain properties like Great sterility, includes the Non-contact surgery, and it is more useful in case of children so that they can experience the painless surgery, also the apparent reduction in case of the after operation pain.

Download  Technical Seminar Presentation on Laser Theraphy PPT for Instrumentation Students.

Introduction to Paper Presentation on Smart Antenna:

The paper is about smart antenna. A smart antenna system is combination of multiple antenna elements which is capable of processing with signal for optimizing the radiation automatically as response to that of the signal environment.

The smart antenna systems are divided as the switched beam or the beam system which is being adaptive. The switched beam is defined as the patterns which are defined previously or even the strategies which are combined.

The beam systems which are switched can be able to combine the outputs which are from the multiple antennas in order to form the sectorized beam. This technology of the adaptive antenna approach is the advanced approach which consists of number of algorithms which are signal processing. It is capable of identifying the tracks and also minimizes the signals which are interfering to provide an optimal gain.

The smart antenna system is used for increasing the signal quality of the radio-based system by focussing more on the transmission of the radio signals.

The smart antenna system features includes the gaining the signal, to improve the efficiency of the power and also rejection in case of inference.

The advantages of switched beam and systems which are adaptive include the Integration, also Range or coverage and also the Interference suppression. The smart antenna technology is responsible for improving the performance of the wireless system and also the economics for number of users. It ensures all the operators of cellular, pcs for increase in the signal quality, capacity and also the coverage.

We can conclude that implementation of the system also influences the network services and also the connection setup.

Download  ECE Paper Presentation on Smart Antenna with PPT for Final Year Students.