Introduction to TCP/IP & VOIP

Introduction to TCP/IP:

In 1973 the project has been started as a research project. This research project is named as DARPA (U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency). The main objective is to develop protocols. By developing a protocol we can allow the communication through many connected networks. This type of communication is known as the TCP/IP-suite. It has two developing protocols they are transmission control protocol (TCP) and the Internet protocol (IP). This protocol is basis for many services they are voice transmission through Internet. This gives the information about networking and important protocols that make easy to the VOIP. There are two types of networking architecture they are TCP/IP model and ISO-OSI model. The other protocol models are UDP (user datagram protocol), IP, TCP and RTP (real-time transport protocol).

Mechanics of VOIP

When two systems are connected with compatible software (eg:skype) then there will be a communication between the two systems. This type of system can be accomplished by speaking it into the telephone receiver or a microphone and allowing analog signal are converted to digital signal.

The system will compress all the digital voice signals and it reduces the bandwidth of a system. The Bandwidth compression called CODEC. The compression improves the quality of voice of transmission and it can eliminate sound and the range of human speech that can be greatly increased by the bandwidth requirements.

When the voice of transmission compressed it sends the data through an IP network. There are nearly 10 to 30 milliseconds of audio in a standard IP network. This type of process is called PACKETIZATION.

If a packet doesn’t reach its destination, the system is having an ability to fill in the gaps and it reconstructs the missing signal based on the packets.The most VOIP conversations are now reliable for speaking directly through a telephone line.

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